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Litwinowicz M, Rogers S, Caruana A, Kinane C, Tellam J, Thompson R. Tuning the Bulk and Surface Properties of PDMS Networks through Cross-Linker and Surfactant Concentration. Macromolecules 2021; 54:9636-9648. [PMID: 34720190 PMCID: PMC8552438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The elastic modulus and hydrophilicity of cross-linked poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are tunable via cross-linker concentration and the addition of a simple surfactant, C12E4, before curing. However, the surfactant concentration, [C12E4], reduces the elastic modulus (73% lower for 6.3% w/w) because it reduces the extent of curing. This is likely because the hygroscopic surfactant results in water poisoning of the catalyst. Three distinct time-dependent hydrophilicity profiles were identified using water contact angle analysis with [C12E4] determining which profile was observed. This indicates the concentration-dependent phase behavior of C12E4 within PDMS films. Changes in phase behavior were identified using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and a compatibility study. No surface excess or surface segregation of surfactant was observed at the PDMS-air interface. However, a surface excess revealed by neutron reflectivity against a D2O interface indicates that the increase in hydrophilicity results from the migration of C12E4 to the film interface when exposed to water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Rogers
- STFC
ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Caruana
- STFC
ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Christy Kinane
- STFC
ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - James Tellam
- STFC
ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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2
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Hu N, Chen C, Metwalli E, Bießmann L, Herold C, Fu J, Cubitt R, Zhong Q, Müller-Buschbaum P. Hydration and Thermal Response Kinetics of a Cross-Linked Thermoresponsive Copolymer Film on a Hydrophobic PAN Substrate Coating Probed by In Situ Neutron Reflectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6819-6829. [PMID: 34043364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hydration and thermal response kinetics of the cross-linked thermoresponsive copolymer poly((diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate), abbreviated as P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA300), thin film on a hydrophobic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) substrate coating, which resembles a synthetic fabric, is probed by in situ neutron reflectivity (NR). The PAN and monomer (MEO2MA and OEGMA300) solutions are sequentially spin-coated onto a silicon (Si) substrate. Afterward, plasma treatment is applied to realize the cross-linking of PAN and monomers. The as-prepared cross-linked P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA300) film on the hydrophobic PAN substrate coating presents a two-layer structure: a substrate-near layer, which is a mixture of PAN and P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA300), and a main layer, which is composed of pure hydrophilic P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA300). During hydration in D2O vapor atmosphere, the hydrophobic PAN component prevents the formation of D2O enrichment in the substrate-near layer. However, an additional vapor-near layer is observed on top of the main layer, which is enriched with D2O. The hydration process is constrained by the cross-linking points in the film, inducing the relaxation time to be longer than that in a spin-coated P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA300) film. Because the as-prepared cross-linked film presents a transition temperature (TT) at 38 °C, the hydrated film switches to the collapsed state when the temperature is increased from 23 to 50 °C. The response to a thermal stimulus is also slower due to the existence of the internal cross-linking points as compared to the spin-coated film. Interestingly, no reswelling is observed at the end of the thermal stimulus, which can be also attributed to the presence of internal cross-linking points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Herold
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jun Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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3
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Gu P, Li B, Wu B, Wang J, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Controlled Hydration, Transition, and Drug Release Realized by Adjusting Layer Thickness in Alginate-Ca 2+/poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Interpenetrating Polymeric Network Hydrogels on Cotton Fabrics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5051-5060. [PMID: 33455298 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The controlled hydration, transition, and drug release are realized by adjusting layer thickness in thermoresponsive interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) hydrogels on cotton fabrics. IPN hydrogels are synthesized by sodium alginate (SA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with a ratio of 1:5/% (w/v). The cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels with a thickness of 1000 μm exhibit a transition temperature (TT) at 35.2 °C. When the hydrogel thicknesses are thinned to 500 and 250 μm, the TTs are reduced to 34.8 and 34.1 °C, respectively. Interestingly, the morphology of IPN hydrogels switches from a well-defined honeycomb-like network structure (1000 μm) to a densely packed layer structure (250 μm). The thinner layers not only present a smaller extent of hydration and collapse but also require longer time to reach an equilibrium state, which can be attributed to the more pronounced hindrance of the chain rearrangement by the cotton fabrics. To address the influence of layer thickness on the drug release, we compare the release rate and cumulative release percentage of the test drugs tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and levofloxacin hydrochloride (LH) between pure IPN hydrogels and cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels (250, 500, and 1000 μm) at 25 °C (below the TT) and 37 °C (above the TT). Because of the compressive stress from the collapsed hydrogels, a higher release is observed in both hydrogels when the temperature is above TT. The cotton fabric induces a slower and less prominent drug release in IPN hydrogels. Thus, combining the obtained correlation between the transition and hydrogels layer thickness, the drug release in cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels can be regulated by the layer thickness, which appears especially suitable for a controlled release in wound dressing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bisheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Long Teng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Strasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.,Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Strasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany
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4
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Kang SK, Ho DH, Lee CH, Lim HS, Cho JH. Actively Operable Thermoresponsive Smart Windows for Reducing Energy Consumption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:33838-33845. [PMID: 32615750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Efficient usage of finite energy resources is a core approach for preventing major blackouts caused by a severe lack of energy. Smart windows, which modulate thermal energy transferred from the incident sunlight, have attracted tremendous interest as an alternative technology for resolving the fast-approaching energy crisis by suppressing unnecessary energy usage such as air conditioning or heating inside buildings. Here, we demonstrate a set of materials and design concepts for doubly responsive smart windows, which efficiently reduce the consumption of our limited energy reserves. The proposed smart windows are based on the concept of combining the lower critical solution temperature of thermoresponsive polymer hydrogels and the electrical actuation of graphene-based flexible heaters; this combination serves to actively control the passive-type moving thermoresponsive smart window. The proposed smart windows exhibit a highly tunable transparency of above 90%, which corresponds to an almost instantaneous change from high transmission of the incident light to the complete blockage of its penetration under thermal or electrical stimulation. In particular, when the windows of a mockup house are replaced with the developed flexible smart windows, the increment rate of the indoor temperature under white light irradiation reduces drastically. This type of active light control system is expected to create a new opportunity for achieving cost savings on heating, cooling, and lighting through management of light energy transmitted into the interior of a house.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kyung Kang
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hae Ho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Lee
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sun Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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5
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Zhong Q, Hu N, Mi L, Wang JP, Metwalli E, Bießmann L, Herold C, Yang J, Wu GP, Xu ZK, Cubitt R, Müller-Buschbaum P. Impact of Thermal History on the Kinetic Response of Thermoresponsive Poly(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)- block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) Thin Films Investigated by In Situ Neutron Reflectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6228-6237. [PMID: 32388986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of thermal history on the kinetic response of thin thermoresponsive diblock copolymer poly(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)-block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate), abbreviated as PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300, films is investigated by in situ neutron reflectivity. The PMEO2MA and POEGMA300 blocks are both thermoresponsive polymers with a lower critical solution temperature. Their transition temperatures (TTs) are around 25 °C (TT1, PMEO2MA) and 60 °C (TT2, POEGMA300). Thus, by applying different temperature protocols (20 to 60 or 20 to 40 to 60 °C), the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 thin films experience different thermal histories: the first protocol directly switches from a swollen to a collapsed state, whereas the second one switches first from a swollen to a semicollapsed and finally to a collapsed state. Although the applied thermal histories differ, the response and final state of the collapsed films are very close to each other. After the thermal stimulus, both films present a complicated response composed of an initial shrinkage, followed by a rearrangement. Interestingly, a subsequent reswelling of the collapsed film is only observed in the case of having applied a thermal stimulus of 20 to 40 °C. The normalized film thickness and the D2O amount of each layer in the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films are consistent at the end of the two different thermal stimuli. Hence, it can be concluded that the thermal history does not influence the final state of the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films upon heating. Based on this property, these thin films are especially suitable for the temperature switches on the nanoscale, which may experience different thermal histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Neng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Long Teng Road, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Herold
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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6
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Zhong Q, Chen C, Mi L, Wang JP, Yang J, Wu GP, Xu ZK, Cubitt R, Müller-Buschbaum P. Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Films with a Linear Shrinkage Behavior and Its Potential Application in Temperature Sensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:742-753. [PMID: 31895574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The linear shrinkage behavior in thermoresponsive diblock copolymer films and its potential application in temperature sensors are investigated. The copolymer is composed of two thermoresponsive blocks with different transition temperatures (TTs): di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MEO2MA; TT1 = 25 °C) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA300; TT2 = 60 °C) with a molar ratio of 1:1. Aqueous solutions of PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 show a three-stage transition upon heating as seen with optical transmittance and small-angle X-ray scattering: dissolution (T < TT1), self-assembled micelles with core-shell structure (TT1 < T < TT2), and aggregation of collapsed micelles (T > TT2). Due to the restrictions in the polymer chain arrangement introduced by the solid Si substrate, spin-coated PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films exhibit an entirely different internal structure and transition behavior. Neutron reflectivity shows the absence of an ordered structure normal to the Si substrate in as-prepared PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films. After exposure to D2O vapor for 3 h and then increasing the temperature above its TT1 and TT2, the ordered structure is still not observed. Only a D2O enrichment layer is formed close to the hydrophilic Si substrate. Such PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films show a linear shrinkage between TT1 and TT2 in a D2O vapor atmosphere. This special behavior can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the restrained collapse of the PMEO2MA blocks by the still swollen POEGMA300 blocks and the impedance of chain arrangement by the Si substrate. Based on this unique behavior, spin-coated PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films are further prepared into a temperature sensor by implementing Ag electrodes. Its resistance decreases linearly with temperature between TT1 and TT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Lei Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science , 333 Long Teng Road , 201620 Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
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7
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Nieuwenhuis S, Zhong Q, Metwalli E, Bießmann L, Philipp M, Miasnikova A, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Cubitt R, Wang J, Müller-Buschbaum P. Hydration and Dehydration Kinetics: Comparison between Poly( N-isopropyl methacrylamide) and Poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate) Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7691-7702. [PMID: 31117727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive films of poly( N-isopropyl methacrylamide) (PNIPMAM) and poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate) (PMDEGA) are compared with respect to their hydration and dehydration kinetics using in situ neutron reflectivity. Both as-prepared films present a homogeneous single-layer structure and have similar transition temperatures of the lower critical solution temperature type (TT, PNIPMAM 38 °C and PMDEGA 41 °C). After hydration in unsaturated D2O vapor at 23 °C, a D2O enrichment layer is observed in PNIPMAM films adjacent to the Si substrate. In contrast, two enrichment layers are present in PMDEGA films (close to the vapor interface and the Si substrate). PNIPMAM films exhibit a higher hydration capability, ascribed to having both donor (N-H) and acceptor (C═O) units for hydrogen bonds. While the swelling of the PMDEGA films is mainly caused by the increase of the enrichment layers, the thickness of the entire PNIPMAM films increases with time. The observed longer relaxation time for swelling of PNIPMAM films is attributed to the much higher glass transition temperature of PNIPMAM. When dehydrating both films by increasing the temperature above the TT, they react with a complex response consisting of three stages (shrinkage, rearrangement, and reswelling). PNIPMAM films respond faster than PMDEGA films. After dehydration, both films still contain a large amount of D2O, and no completely dry film state is reached for a temperature above their TTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Nieuwenhuis
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Martine Philipp
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Anna Miasnikova
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 , 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 , 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung , Geiselbergstr. 69 , 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
| | - Christine M Papadakis
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Jiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
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8
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Kreuzer LP, Widmann T, Hohn N, Wang K, Bießmann L, Peis L, Moulin JF, Hildebrand V, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Swelling and Exchange Behavior of Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Block Copolymer Thin Films. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P. Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nuri Hohn
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kun Wang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Leander Peis
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Moulin
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Viet Hildebrand
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24−25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24−25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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9
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Zhong Q, Mi L, Metwalli E, Bießmann L, Philipp M, Miasnikova A, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Cubitt R, Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV, Wang J, Müller-Buschbaum P. Effect of chain architecture on the swelling and thermal response of star-shaped thermo-responsive (poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate)-block-polystyrene) 3 block copolymer films. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6582-6594. [PMID: 30052259 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00965a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of chain architecture on the swelling and thermal response of thin films obtained from an amphiphilic three-arm star-shaped thermo-responsive block copolymer poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate)-block-polystyrene ((PMDEGA-b-PS)3) is investigated by in situ neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements. The PMDEGA and PS blocks are micro-phase separated with randomly distributed PS nanodomains. The (PMDEGA-b-PS)3 films show a transition temperature (TT) at 33 °C in white light interferometry. The swelling capability of the (PMDEGA-b-PS)3 films in a D2O vapor atmosphere is better than that of films from linear PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS triblock copolymers, which can be attributed to the hydrophilic end groups and limited size of the PS blocks in (PMDEGA-b-PS)3. However, the swelling kinetics of the as-prepared (PMDEGA-b-PS)3 films and the response of the swollen film to a temperature change above the TT are significantly slower than that in the PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS films, which may be related to the conformation restriction by the star-shape. Unlike in the PS-b-PMDEGA-b-PS films, the amount of residual D2O in the collapsed (PMDEGA-b-PS)3 films depends on the final temperature. It decreases from (9.7 ± 0.3)% to (7.0 ± 0.3)% or (6.0 ± 0.3)% when the final temperatures are set to 35 °C, 45 °C and 50 °C, respectively. This temperature-dependent reduction of embedded D2O originates from the hindrance of chain conformation from the star-shaped chain architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China. and Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Lei Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Martine Philipp
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Anna Miasnikova
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Andre Laschewsky
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany and Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M Papadakis
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Schwartzkopf
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Bießmann L, Kreuzer LP, Widmann T, Hohn N, Moulin JF, Müller-Buschbaum P. Monitoring the Swelling Behavior of PEDOT:PSS Electrodes under High Humidity Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:9865-9872. [PMID: 29484879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymer electrodes made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are used in many applications but are also sensitive to humidity. We study humidity-induced changes of PEDOT:PSS electrodes as monitored with in situ time-of-flight neutron reflectivity (TOF-NR) measurements under high humidity conditions. The influence of the solvent additive Zonyl and a post-treatment of PEDOT:PSS films with ethylene glycol (EG) serving as electrodes are analyzed with respect to the swelling ratio and water uptake. Depending on the applied PEDOT:PSS treatment, PEDOT and PSS enrichment layers are clearly identified with TOF-NR at the substrate-polymer and polymer-air interface, respectively. The additive Zonyl reduces the water uptake and limits film swelling. EG post-treatment further increases hydrophobicity and thereby water incorporation into the PEDOT:PSS film is strongly suppressed. The characteristic time constants and effective interaction parameters extracted from the kinetic NR data show that additive and post-treatment reduce the sensitivity of the PEDOT:PSS electrodes to humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Bießmann
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Lucas Philipp Kreuzer
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Nuri Hohn
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Jean-François Moulin
- Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Institut für Werkstoffforschung, Abteilung WPN, Instrument REFSANS, MLZ , Lichtenbergstr. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
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11
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Saerbeck T, Cubitt R, Wildes A, Manzin G, Andersen KH, Gutfreund P. Recent upgrades of the neutron reflectometer D17 at ILL. J Appl Crystallogr 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s160057671800239x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertical sample-plane reflectometer D17 at the Institut Laue–Langevin in Grenoble, France, has undergone several major upgrades since its commissioning, which are summarized in this article. The three major improvements are (i) a new focusing guide, increasing the usable flux on the sample by a factor of 2.5; (ii) a new beam polarizer and new spin flippers, allowing for the use of polarized neutrons in time-of-flight mode; and (iii) a new detector with a particularly uniform response under homogeneous exposure, improved stability and state-of-the-art detector electronics. The combination of these factors has paved the road to new possibilities in fast kinetic measurements, magnetism and off-specular scattering. Examples and scientific references for the new capabilities are presented.
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