1
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Pakuła D, Sztorch B, Topa-Skwarczyńska M, Gałuszka K, Ortyl J, Marciniec B, Przekop RE. Enhancing the Thermal Resistance of UV-Curable Resin Using (3-Thiopropyl)polysilsesquioxane. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2219. [PMID: 38793286 PMCID: PMC11123030 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This study delineates a methodology for the preparation of new composites based on a photocurable urethane-acrylate resin, which has been modified with (3-thiopropyl)polysilsesquioxane (SSQ-SH). The organosilicon compound combines fully enclosed cage structures and incompletely condensed silanols (a mixture of random structures) obtained through the hydrolytic condensation of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. This process involves a thiol-ene "click" reaction between SSQ-SH and a commercially available resin (Ebecryl 1271®) in the presence of the photoinitiator DMPA, resulting in composites with significantly changed thermal properties. Various tests were conducted, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transmittance infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (Photo-DSC), and photoreological measurement mechanical property, and water contact angle (WCA) tests. The modification of resin with SSQ-SH increased the temperature of 1% and 5% mass loss compared to the reference (for 50 wt% SSQ-SH, T5% was 310.8 °C, an increase of 20.4 °C). A composition containing 50 wt% of SSQ-SH crosslinked faster than the reference resin, a phenomenon confirmed by photorheological tests. This research highlights the potential of new composite materials in coating applications across diverse industries. The modification of resin with SSQ-SH not only enhances thermal properties but also introduces a host of functional improvements, thereby elevating the performance of the resulting coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Pakuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Bogna Sztorch
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Monika Topa-Skwarczyńska
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-S.); (K.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Karolina Gałuszka
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-S.); (K.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.-S.); (K.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
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2
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Tang J, Feng S, Wang D. Facile Synthesis of Sulfur-Containing Functionalized Disiloxanes with Nonconventional Fluorescence by Thiol-Epoxy Click Reaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097785. [PMID: 37175492 PMCID: PMC10177946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a series of novel sulfur-containing functionalized disiloxanes based on a low-cost and commercially available material, i.e., 1,3-bis(3-glycidoxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, and various thiol compounds were prepared by thiol-epoxy click reaction. It was found that both lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) have high catalytic activity after optimizing the reaction condition, and the reaction can be carried out with high yields, excellent regioselectivity, mild reaction condition, and good tolerance of functional groups. These compounds exhibit excellent nonconventional fluorescence due to the formation of coordination bonds between Si atoms and heteroatoms (e.g., S or N) and can emit blue fluorescence upon ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. These results demonstrate that the thiol-epoxy click reaction could promisingly act as an efficient organosilicon synthetic methodology to construct various organosilicon materials with novel structures and functionality, and thus their application scope will be significantly expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shengyu Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Dengxu Wang
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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3
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Fabrication of chitosan-based interpenetrating network hydrogel via sequential amino-maleimide click reaction and photopolymerization in water. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Liu H, Cheng S, Yang Y, Wang C, Zhu S, Zhao F. Strong Hydrophobic and Ultraviolet Reflective Film from Fluorinated Polyisoprene with Microphase Separation via Thiol‐epoxy Click Chemistry. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Shihong Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Yadong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Shijiang Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Fuchun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
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5
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Liu Z, Wei H, Liu Y, Li W, Li S, Wang G, Guo T. Fabrication and characterization of interpenetrating network hydrogels based on sequential amine‐anhydride reaction and photopolymerization in water. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Hongliang Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Weikun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Songmao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Tao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
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Infante Teixeira L, Landfester K, Thérien-Aubin H. Nanoconfinement in miniemulsion increases reaction rates of thiol–ene photopolymerization and yields high molecular weight polymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00350c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Photoinitiated thiol–ene polymerization was performed in bulk and miniemulsion. We show that the compartmentalization of the reaction inside nanodroplets led to faster reaction kinetics and yielded polymers with higher molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X7, Canada
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7
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Hong SM, Kim OY, Hwang SH. Optimization of synthetic parameters of high-purity trifunctional mercaptoesters and their curing behavior for the thiol-epoxy click reaction. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34263-34268. [PMID: 35497273 PMCID: PMC9042355 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct esterification reaction between 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) was conducted in the presence of various catalyst concentrations of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) to examine the optimized synthetic conditions needed to produce high-purity trimethylolpropane-tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (TMPMP). The purity of the desired TMPMP and uncompleted side-product reduced as the acid catalyst concentration in this esterification reaction increased while the generation of thioester-based side-product increased. The equivalent ratio between epoxy and the manufactured TMPMP was maintained at 1 : 1 to monitor the curing behavior of the thiol–epoxy click reaction using the DSC technique. The thermal features of the base-catalyzed TMPMP-cured epoxy resin were assessed according to the purity of the TMPMP curing agent. The direct esterification reaction between 3-mercaptopropionic acid and trimethylolpropane was conducted in the presence of various catalyst concentrations to find a synthetic route for high-purity trimethylolpropane-tris(3-mercaptopropionate).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Mo Hong
- Materials Chemistry & Engineering Laboratory, School of Polymer System Engineering, Dankook University Yongin Gyeonggi-do 16890 Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Young Kim
- Materials Chemistry & Engineering Laboratory, School of Polymer System Engineering, Dankook University Yongin Gyeonggi-do 16890 Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hwang
- Materials Chemistry & Engineering Laboratory, School of Polymer System Engineering, Dankook University Yongin Gyeonggi-do 16890 Republic of Korea
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8
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Xu J. (3-Mercaptopropyl)triethoxysilane-Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Polyurethane Yarn Enhanced by Epoxy/Thiol Reactions for Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:34865-34876. [PMID: 34279893 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, a method was proposed to fabricate strain-sensing yarns via epoxy/thiol reactions by a dip-coating method. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was modified with (3-mercaptopropyl)triethoxysilane, and polyurethane yarn was cross-linked with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The existence of thiol in modified rGO and epoxy in the cross-linked polyurethane yarn contributed to the formation of the covalent bond between the elastic substrate and the conductive layer, resulting in good adhesion between the substrate and the conductive layer, as well as excellent electromechanical performance. The outstanding strain-sensing performance make the prepared yarn show excellent potential in practical applications when monitoring human motions, which makes it a promising candidate for wearable sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Zhang
- School of Innovation Design, Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Fashion Design & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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9
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Zaharescu T, Blanco I. Stabilization Effects of Natural Compounds and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles on the Accelerated Degradation of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154390. [PMID: 34361544 PMCID: PMC8347017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work the analysis on the stabilization activities of some natural antioxidants (rosemary extract, capsaicin, quercetin or oleanolic acid) is presented. A similar contribution of an inorganic structure-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles-is also evaluated. The stabilization effects on the oxidation protection were investigated for several formulations based on ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer (EPDM). The samples were examined in pristine state or after γ-irradiation, when the accelerated degradation scission of polymer macromolecules followed by the mitigation of oxidation. Three evaluation procedures: chemiluminescence, FTIR spectroscopy and thermal analysis were applied for the characterization of stability efficiency. The delaying effect of oxidative aging in EPDM matrix is illustrated by the values of activation energy, which are correlated with the type and concentration of embedded compounds. The durability of studied EPDM formulations is discussed for the assessment of material life. The improved behavior of structured hybrids useful for the optimization application regimes is essentially based on the antioxidant properties of polyphenolic components in the cases of natural antioxidants or on the penetration of free radical intermediates into the free volumes of POSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traian Zaharescu
- INCDIE ICPE-CA, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 03138 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-72-663-6222
| | - Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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10
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Han D, Zhou DL, Guo QY, Lin X, Zhang Q, Fu Q. Engineering the Surface Pattern of Microparticles: From Raspberry-like to Golf Ball-like. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31215-31225. [PMID: 34169717 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Control of the shape and uniformity of colloid particles is essential for realizing their functionality in various applications. Herein, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of narrowly dispersed anisotropic microparticles with well-defined raspberry-like and golf ball-like surface patterns. First, we demonstrate that hybrid raspberry-like particles can be achieved through a one-pot polymerization method using glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (GPOSS) and pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as monomers. Varying the polymerization parameters such as catalyst loading, monomer concentration, and the molar ratio of monomers, we are able to regulate the sizes and surface protrusion numbers of these raspberry-like microparticles. The formation mechanism is attributed to a competition balance between thiol-epoxy reaction and thiol-thiol coupling reaction. The former promotes rapid formation of large core particles between PETMP and GPOSS droplets (which can serve as core particles), while the latter allows for generation of surface protrusions by PETMP self-polymerization, leading to the formation of raspberry-like surface patterns. Based on the different POSS contents in the surface protrusions and cores of the raspberry-like microparticles, we demonstrate that they can be used as precursors to produce microporous silica (sub)microparticles with golf ball-like morphology via pyrolysis subsequently. Overall, this work provides a facile yet controllable approach to synthesize narrowly dispersed anisotropic microparticles with diverse surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Han
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Lin Zhou
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Lin
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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11
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Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-modified phenolic resin: Synthesis and anti-oxidation properties. E-POLYMERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2021-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work, octamercapto polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-8SH) and octaphenol polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-8Phenol) were successfully synthetized. POSS-8Phenol was added into the synthesis process of liquid thermoset phenolic resin (PR) to obtain POSS-modified phenolic resin (POSS-PR). Chemical structures of POSS-8SH, POSS-8Phenol, and POSS-PR were confirmed by FTIR and 1H-NMR. TG and DTG analysis under different atmosphere showed that char yield of POSS-PR at 1,000°C increased from 58.6% to 65.2% in N2, which in air increased from 2.3% to 26.9% at 700°C. The maximum pyrolysis temperature in air increased from 543°C to 680°C, which meant better anti-oxidation properties. XRD results confirmed both POSS-8Phenol and POSS-PR-generated crystalline SiO2 in air, which could explain the improvement of anti-oxidation properties. SEM showed that the POSS-PR had phase separation during curing process. Finally, carbon fiber fabric-reinforced POSS-PR (C-POSS-PR) was prepared to verify the anti-oxidation properties of POSS-PR.
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12
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Wang D, Ding J, Wang B, Zhuang Y, Huang Z. Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Study of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Modified Phenolic Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13081182. [PMID: 33916970 PMCID: PMC8067618 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a new polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing a phenol group (POSS-Phenol) is prepared through the Michael addition reaction, which is added to the synthesis of phenolic resin as a functional monomer. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is used to demonstrate the chemistry structure of the synthesized POSS modified phenolic resin. After introducing POSS into the resole, a comprehensive study is conducted to reveal the effects of POSS on the thermal degradation of phenolic resin. First, thermal degradation behaviors of neat phenolic resin and modified phenolic resin are carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the gas volatiles from thermal degradation are investigated by thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS). Finally, the residues after thermal degradation are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The research indicates that POSS modified phenolic resin shows a better thermal stability than neat phenolic resin, especially at high temperatures under air atmosphere. On the one hand, the introduction of the POSS group can effectively improve the release temperature of oxygen containing volatiles. On the other hand, the POSS group forms silica at high temperatures under air, which can effectively inhibit the thermal oxidation of phenolic resin and make phenolic resin show a better high-temperature oxidation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degang Wang
- College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 109 Deya Road, Changsha 410073, China; or
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yingluo Zhuang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhixiong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.)
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13
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Chen L, Zheng Y, Meng X, Wei G, Dietliker K, Li Z. Delayed Thiol-Epoxy Photopolymerization: A General and Effective Strategy to Prepare Thick Composites. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15192-15201. [PMID: 32637792 PMCID: PMC7331066 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced thiol-epoxy click polymerization possesses both the characteristics and advantages of photopolymerization and click reactions. However, the photopolymerization of pigmented or highly filled thiol-epoxy thick composites still remains a great challenge due to the light screening effect derived from the competitive absorption, reflection, and scattering of the pigments or functional fillers. In this article, we present a simple and versatile strategy to prepare thick composites via delayed thiol-epoxy photopolymerization. The irradiation of a small area with a light-emitting diode (LED) point light source at room temperature leads to the decomposition of a photobase generator and the released active basic species can uniformly disperse throughout the whole system, including unirradiated areas, via mechanical stirring. No polymerization was observed at room temperature and therefore the liquid formulations can be further processed with molds of arbitrary size and desired shapes. It is only by increasing the temperature that base-catalyzed thiol-epoxy polymerization occurs and controllable preparation of thick thiol-epoxy materials can be achieved. The formed networks display excellent uniformity in different radii and depths with comparable functionality conversions, similar T g values, and thermal decomposition temperatures. The presented strategy can be applied to prepare thick composites with glass fibers possessing improved mechanical properties and dark composites containing 2 wt % carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Changzhou
Radiation Curing Material Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangsu Kailin Ruiyang Chemical Co., Ltd., Liyang 213364, China
| | - Yuanjian Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoyan Meng
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International
Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Changzhou
Radiation Curing Material Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangsu Kailin Ruiyang Chemical Co., Ltd., Liyang 213364, China
| | - Kurt Dietliker
- International
Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhiquan Li
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International
Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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14
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Wei H, Liu Z, Zhu H, He J, Li J. Preparation and Characterization of Thermal and pH Dual Sensitive Hydrogel Based on 1,3‐Dipole Cycloaddition Reaction. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Wei
- Province Key Laboratory of Cereal Resource Transformation and UtilizationHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Liu
- Province Key Laboratory of Cereal Resource Transformation and UtilizationHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzheng Zhu
- Province Key Laboratory of Cereal Resource Transformation and UtilizationHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Juan He
- Province Key Laboratory of Cereal Resource Transformation and UtilizationHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Province Key Laboratory of Cereal Resource Transformation and UtilizationHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
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15
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MethacrylPhenyl POSS modified UV-curing materials for three-dimensional printing. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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16
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Liu B, Wang H, Guo X, Yang R, Li X. Effects of an Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Containing Allyl Benzoxazine and POSS on Thermal Properties and Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E770. [PMID: 31052415 PMCID: PMC6571948 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel organic-inorganic hybrid containing allyl benzoxazine and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was synthesized by the thiol-ene (click) reaction. The benzoxazine (BOZ)-containing POSS (SPOSS-BOZ) copolymerized with benzoxazine/epoxy resin was used to prepare composites of SPOSS-PBZ-E nanocomposites(NPs). The polymerization behavior was monitored by FTIR and non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which showed that the composites had completely cured with multiple polymerization mechanisms according to the oxazine ring-opening and epoxy resin (EP) polymerization. The thermal properties of the organic-inorganic polybenzoxazine (PBZ) nanocomposites were analyzed by DSC and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction analysis and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the SPOSS-PBZ-E nanocomposites indicated that SPOSS was chemically incorporated into the hybrid nanocomposites in the size range of 80-200 nm. The flame retardancy of the benzoxazine epoxy resin composites was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL 94 vertical burn test, and cone calorimeter tests. When the amount of SPOSS reached 10% or more, the vertical burning rating of the curing system arrived at V-1, and when the SPOSS-BOZ content reached 20 wt %, the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the material were both improved. Moreover, in the cone calorimeter testing, the addition of SPOSS-BOZ hindered the decomposition of the composites and led to a reduction in the peak heat release rate (pHRR), the average heat release rate (aHRR), and the total heat release (THR) values by about 20%, 25%, and 25%, respectively. The morphologies of the chars were also studied by SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the flame-retardant mechanism of POSS was mainly a condensed-phase flame retardant. The ceramic layer was formed by the enrichment of silicon on the char surface. When there are enough POSS nanoparticles, it can effectively protect the combustion of internal polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benben Liu
- School of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Huiling Wang
- School of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- School of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Rongjie Yang
- School of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiangmei Li
- School of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
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Feng Y, Hu Y, Man L, Yuan T, Zhang C, Yang Z. Biobased thiol-epoxy shape memory networks from gallic acid and vegetable oils. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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