1
|
Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of Unprecedented Transparent Epoxy–Nanomica Composites—New Model Insights for Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061456. [PMID: 36987236 PMCID: PMC10051337 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Two nanomicas of similar composition, containing muscovite and quartz, but with different particle size distributions, have been used to prepare transparent epoxy nanocomposites. Their homogeneous dispersion, due to the nano-size, was achieved even without being organically modified, and no aggregation of the nanoparticles was observed, thus maximizing the specific interface between matrix and nanofiller. No exfoliation or intercalation has been observed by XRD, despite the significant dispersion of the filler in the matrix which produced nanocomposites with a loss in transparency in the visible domain of less than 10% in the presence of 1% wt and 3% wt of mica fillers. The presence of micas does not affect the thermal behavior of the nanocomposites, which remains similar to that of the neat epoxy resin. The mechanical characterization of the epoxy resin composites revealed an increased Young’s modulus, whereas tensile strength was reduced. A peridynamics-based representative volume element approach has been implemented to estimate the effective Young’s modulus of the nanomodified materials. The results obtained through this homogenization procedure have been used as input for the analysis of the nanocomposite fracture toughness, which has been carried out by a classical continuum mechanics–peridynamics coupling approach. Comparison with the experimental data confirms the capability of the peridynamics-based strategies to properly model the effective Young’s modulus and fracture toughness of epoxy-resin nanocomposites. Finally, the new mica-based composites exhibit high values of volume resistivity, thus being excellent candidates as insulating materials.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang D, Chen C, Hu X, Ju F, Ke Y. Enhancing the Properties of Water-Soluble Copolymer Nanocomposites by Controlling the Layer Silicate Load and Exfoliated Nanolayers Adsorbed on Polymer Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061413. [PMID: 36987194 PMCID: PMC10056508 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel polymer nanocomposites of methacryloyloxy ethyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide-modified montmorillonite (O-MMt) with acrylamide/sodium p-styrene sulfonate/methacryloyloxy ethyl dimethyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide (ASD/O-MMt) were synthesized via in situ polymerization. The molecular structures of the synthesized materials were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy revealed well-exfoliated and dispersed nanolayers in the polymer matrix, and scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the well-exfoliated nanolayers were strongly adsorbed on the polymer chains. The O-MMt intermediate load was optimized to 1.0%, and the exfoliated nanolayers with strongly adsorbed chains were controlled. The properties of the ASD/O-MMt copolymer nanocomposite, such as its resistance to high temperature, salt, and shear, were significantly enhanced compared with those obtained under other silicate loads. ASD/1.0 wt% O-MMt enhanced oil recovery by 10.5% because the presence of well-exfoliated and dispersed nanolayers improved the comprehensive properties of the nanocomposite. The large surface area, high aspect ratio, abundant active hydroxyl groups, and charge of the exfoliated O-MMt nanolayer also provided high reactivity and facilitated strong adsorption onto the polymer chains, thereby endowing the resulting nanocomposites with outstanding properties. Thus, the as-prepared polymer nanocomposites demonstrate significant potential for oil-recovery applications.
Collapse
|
3
|
Polybutylene succinate/modified cellulose bionanocomposites as sorbent for needle trap microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463715. [PMID: 36587587 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, different polybutylene succinate/modified cellulose bio-nanocomposites were synthesized by solving the casting method and then used as a new sorbent for needle trap microextraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the water samples in headspace mode. The surface of cellulose nanocrystalline was modified using aminosilane groups to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles in the polybutylene succinate matrix. The characterization of synthesized nanocomposites, were performed using TGA, SEM, BET analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Adding modified nanocrystalline cellulose to a polybutylene succinate matrix increased the surface area, and thermal and mechanical stabilities. The significant parameters of the sorbent extraction process, including the amount of modified cellulose nanoparticles, the extraction time, and temperatures and salt content, were studied and optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions (extraction time of 25 min, and extraction temperature of 50 °C), an analytical method for selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with low detection limits (0.75-1 ng L-1) and the quantification limit (3-5 ng L-1), good repeatability (3-7% at 20 ng L-1), and reproducibility (9%-14%, n = 3) was developed. The linearity of the method was obtained in the range of 5-1000 ng L-1 with R2 > 0.9996. The enrichment factor was obtained for the spiked real aqueous samples (at 50 ng L-1) in the range of 276-311. Also, the performance of the developed method was studied via the extraction of selected analytes in real water samples, and the relative recovery values were found to be in the range of 98-103%.
Collapse
|
4
|
He HL, Liang FX. Interfacial Engineering of Polymer Blend with Janus Particle as Compatibilizer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
5
|
Taleb K, Saidi-Besbes S, Pillin I, Grohens Y. Biodegradable Poly(Butylene Succinate) Nanocomposites Based on Dimeric Surfactant Organomodified Clays with Enhanced Water Vapor Barrier and Mechanical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:43254-43264. [PMID: 36467964 PMCID: PMC9713783 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biocomposites based on biodegradable polybutylene succinate (PBS) and organomodified clays (OMt) were prepared by melt blending process. The OMt nanofillers were obtained by ion exchange reaction between sodium montmorillonite (Mt) and gemini surfactants bearing 4-decyloxyphenylacetamide hydrophobic chains and ethylene or hexylene spacer. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and rheological measurement results showed that the investigated hybrids present a uniform dispersion with an exfoliation of clay into the PBS matrix, particularly for short spacer surfactant based composites. The effect of organoclay loading and composition on the thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties was also investigated. High clay loading and long gemini surfactant spacer lead to substantial improvement of Young modulus values by 21%, while low clay content induces a reduction of the hybrid's crystallinity due to strong OMt-PBS interactions. Compared to that of the neat PBS film, a significant reduction of the water vapor permeability (WVP) by 28% was obtained by adding only 3 wt % of PBS/OMt (2) which opens up prospects for this material in the field of food packaging. This study shows that gemini surfactant-modified organoclays can be used as effective nanofillers in a PBS matrix to access to value-added nanocomposites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Taleb
- Université
Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Laboratoire de
Synthèse Organique Appliquée (LSOA), Département
de chimie, Faculté des sciences exactes et appliquées, BP 1524 EL Mnaouer, 31000Oran, Algeria
- Université
Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Faculté
de Médecine, BP 1524 EL Mnaouer, 31000Oran, Algeria
| | - Salima Saidi-Besbes
- Université
Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Laboratoire de
Synthèse Organique Appliquée (LSOA), Département
de chimie, Faculté des sciences exactes et appliquées, BP 1524 EL Mnaouer, 31000Oran, Algeria
| | - Isabelle Pillin
- IRDL-FRE
CNRS 3744, Université de Bretagne
Sud, Lorient56100, France
| | - Yves Grohens
- IRDL-FRE
CNRS 3744, Université de Bretagne
Sud, Lorient56100, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Zhang C, Jiang L, Tong S, Li YC, Pu H, Zhao Q. Straightforward preparation of Ca-bentonite/polymer nanocomposite by confining salt-resistant copolymers into montmorillonite interlayers. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Chang FL, Hu B, Huang WT, Chen L, Yin XC, Cao XW, He GJ. Improvement of rheology and mechanical properties of PLA/PBS blends by in-situ UV-induced reactive extrusion. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
8
|
da Silva TCP, Fortes AGDS, de Abreu IR, de Carvalho LH, de Almeida YMB, Alves TS, Barbosa R. Development of Biodegradable PLA/PBAT-Based Filaments for Fertilizer Release for Agricultural Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6764. [PMID: 36234105 PMCID: PMC9571630 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to produce filaments of PLA/PBAT and NPK fertilizer adsorbed on organophilized bentonite intended for application in the prototyping of biodegradable agricultural artifacts in 3D printing, using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique. This is the first time that we have reported this composite for a 3D printing approach. Systems containing PLA/PBAT, organobentonite and NPK were initially processed in an internal mixer and later extruded as filaments in a single-screw extruder. The prototypes were printed by FDM. Structural, morphological and thermal properties, as well as NPK releasing, were investigated. The results suggest that exfoliated and/or intercalated nanocomposites were obtained by the organoclay addition to the PLA/PBAT blend. The morphological analysis revealed a good surface quality of the impressions. Systems containing organobentonite released approximately 22% less fertilizer in 24 h compared to the systems without organobentonite. This difference is due to the higher concentration of nanoparticles that generate more barriers to the diffusion of NPK. The release data for these systems had a better fit to the kinetic model of Korsmeyer-Peppas. Thus, studied filaments have the potential to retard the release of fertilizer and are suitable for further development of structures for agricultural applications by FDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thyago Camelo Pereira da Silva
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Allef Gabriel da Silva Fortes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Iago Rodrigues de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Laura Hecker de Carvalho
- Center Science and Technology, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil
| | - Yeda Medeiros Bastos de Almeida
- Center for Technology and Geosciences, Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Tatianny Soares Alves
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xie Y, Xiong H, Zheng Z, Zhang L, Chen Y. Facile and Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Polylactide-Based Medical Microparts through Combining the Microinjection Molding Intense Shear Stress Field and Annealing Strategy. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haonan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhuo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yinghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barletta M, Aversa C, Ayyoob M, Gisario A, Hamad K, Mehrpouya M, Vahabi H. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS): Materials, processing, and industrial applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
11
|
Marano S, Laudadio E, Minnelli C, Stipa P. Tailoring the Barrier Properties of PLA: A State-of-the-Art Review for Food Packaging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1626. [PMID: 35458376 PMCID: PMC9029979 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well recognized that the production of petroleum-based packaging materials has created serious ecological problems for the environment due to their resistance to biodegradation. In this context, substantial research efforts have been made to promote the use of biodegradable films as sustainable alternatives to conventionally used packaging materials. Among several biopolymers, poly(lactide) (PLA) has found early application in the food industry thanks to its promising properties and is currently one of the most industrially produced bioplastics. However, more efforts are needed to enhance its performance and expand its applicability in this field, as packaging materials need to meet precise functional requirements such as suitable thermal, mechanical, and gas barrier properties. In particular, improving the mass transfer properties of materials to water vapor, oxygen, and/or carbon dioxide plays a very important role in maintaining food quality and safety, as the rate of typical food degradation reactions (i.e., oxidation, microbial development, and physical reactions) can be greatly reduced. Since most reviews dealing with the properties of PLA have mainly focused on strategies to improve its thermal and mechanical properties, this work aims to review relevant strategies to tailor the barrier properties of PLA-based materials, with the ultimate goal of providing a general guide for the design of PLA-based packaging materials with the desired mass transfer properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Marano
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Emiliano Laudadio
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Cristina Minnelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Stipa
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.L.); (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hong X, Zhang S, Tian Z, Qin S, Yang L, Liu D, Gu Z, Chen J. Preparation of Exfoliated Organo‐Montmorillonite and Its Effect on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Hong
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Shiqian Qin
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Daijun Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Zhanyong Gu
- College of Chemical Engineering Shijiazhuang University, NO. 6 Changjiang Road Shijiazhuang 050035 P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization and Clean Processing of Phosphorus Resources Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University, NO. 24, South Section 1 First Ring Road Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Morinval A, Averous L. Systems Based on Biobased Thermoplastics: From Bioresources to Biodegradable Packaging Applications. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.2012802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Morinval
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Averous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Phattarateera S, Ausab R, Jemkuntod N, Wiriya-amornchai A. A local green composite study: the effect of edible oil on the morphological and mechanical properties of PBS/bentonite composite. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Composites of a biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic polyester, polybutylene succinate (PBS), with bentonite were investigated for morphological and mechanical properties. The bentonite was modified with soybean oil (SBO) and lard oil (LO) (2:98 clay:oil % by weight) by mechanical stirring and ultrasonication. The PBS/modified bentonite composite was prepared by using an internal mixer and processed by compression molding. Under bentonite modification conditions, XRD and SEM showed that the bentonite layers were broken into small layers, and the d-spacing between the layers was increased by edible oil molecules. A small plate like structure of modified bentonite composite was observed by SEM micrograph, which revealed short and long layer silicate structure non-directionally throughout the matrix phase. The mechanical properties of PBS were reinforced by this structure. The tensile modulus and elongation at break seem to depend on its directional bentonite. Interestingly, considerable improvement in impact strength was observed at over 2 wt% of clay. The impact strengths of PBS, PBS/modified BTN with SBO composite, and PBS/modified BTN with LO composite were increased from 1 to 1.5 and 2 kJ/m2, respectively. Comparatively, using LO modified bentonite had a better performance for increased interlayer and resulted in higher impact strength of the composite than that of SBO composite. The results demonstrated that PBS/modified bentonite using edible oil could be a potential alternative low cost, eco-friendly material with superior impact properties useful for further applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supanut Phattarateera
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park , Pathumthani , Thailand
| | - Rudeerat Ausab
- Materials and Process Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Rayong Campus , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Neungruthai Jemkuntod
- Materials and Process Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Rayong Campus , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Atiwat Wiriya-amornchai
- Materials and Process Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Rayong Campus , Bangkok , Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Recent advances in compatibility and toughness of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) blends. E-POLYMERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2021-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) has good impact strength and high elongation at break. It is used to toughen biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) materials because it can considerably improve the toughness of PLA without changing the biodegradability of the materials. Therefore, this approach has become a hotspot in the field of biodegradable materials. A review of the physical and chemical modification methods that are applied to improve the performance of PLA/PBS blends based on recent studies is presented in this article. The improvement effect of PLA/PBS blends and the addition of some common fillers on the physical properties and crystallization properties of blends in the physical modification method are summarized briefly. The compatibilizing effects of nanofillers and compatibilizing agents necessary to improve the compatibility and toughness of PLA/PBS blends are described in detail. The chemical modification method involving the addition of reactive polymers and low-molecular-weight compounds to form cross-linked/branched structures at the phase interface during in situ reactions was introduced clearly. The addition of reactive compatibilizing components is an effective strategy to improve the compatibility between PLA and PBS components and further improve the mechanical properties and processing properties of the materials. It has high research value and wide application prospects in the modification of PLA. In addition, the degradation performance of PLA/PBS blends and the methods to improve the degradation performance were briefly summarized, and the development direction of PLA/PBS blends biodegradation performance research was prospected.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan Z, Chen X, Yu D. Recent Advances in Elongational Flow Dominated Polymer Processing Technologies. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111792. [PMID: 34072286 PMCID: PMC8199109 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of plasticizing conveying methods and devices has been carried out to meet the needs of the polymer processing industry. As compared to the conventional shear-flow-dominated plasticizing and conveying techniques, a new method for processing polymers based on elongational flow was proposed. This new method and the related devices such as vane extruders, eccentric rotor extruders and so on, exhibited multiple advantages including shorter processing time, higher mixing effectiveness, improved product performance and better adaptability to various material systems. The development of new techniques in the field of polymer material processing has opened up a broad space for the development of new plastic products, improved product performance and reduced processing costs. In this review, recent advances concerning the processing techniques based on elongational flow are summarized, and the broad applications in polymer processing as well as some future opportunities and challenges in this vibrant area are elucidated in detail.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang H, Wei X, Qu JP. Microstructure evolution and mechanism of PLA/PVDF hybrid dielectrics fabricated under elongational flow. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
18
|
Synergistic reinforcing of poly(lactic acid) by poly(butylene adipate‐
co
‐terephthalate) and alumina nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
19
|
Tong Y, Huang Q, He G, Cao X, Yang Z, Yin X. Phase transformation and dielectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride/
organic‐montmorillonite
nanocomposites fabricated under elongational flow field. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Tong
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Qilong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Guangjian He
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xianwu Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhitao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaochun Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112700. [PMID: 33207716 PMCID: PMC7697930 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing research tends to focus on the performance of cured rubber. This is due to a lack of suitable testing methods for the mechanical properties of uncured rubber, in particular, tensile properties. Without crosslinking by sulfur, the tensile strength of uncured rubber compounds is too low to be accurately tested by general tensile testing machines. Firstly, a new tensile stress testing method for uncured rubber was established by using dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) tensile strain scanning. The strain amplitude was increased under a set frequency and constant temperature. The corresponding dynamic force needed to maintain the amplitude was then measured to obtain the dynamic force-amplitude curve observed at this temperature and frequency. Secondly, the Burgers model is usually difficult to calculate and analyze in differential form, so it was reduced to its arithmetic form under creep conditions and material relaxation. Tensile deformation at a constant strain rate was proposed, so the Burgers model could be modified to a more concise form without any strain terms, making mathematical processing and simulating much more convenient. Thirdly, the rate of the modified Burgers model under constant strain was in good agreement with the test data, demonstrating that the elastic stiffness was 1–2 orders of magnitude less than the tensile viscosity. In the end, it was concluded that large data dispersion caused by the universal tensile test can be overcome by choosing this model, and it may become an effective way to study the tensile modeling of uncured rubber compound.
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of Chlorophyll Hybrid Nanopigments from Broccoli Waste on Thermomechanical and Colour Behaviour of Polyester-Based Bionanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112508. [PMID: 33126539 PMCID: PMC7692781 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural dyes obtained from agro-food waste can be considered promising substitutes of synthetic dyes to be used in several applications. With this aim, in the present work, we studied the use of chlorophyll dye (CD) extracted from broccoli waste to obtain hybrid nanopigments based on calcined hydrotalcite (HT) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays. The synthesized chlorophyll hybrid nanopigments (CDNPs), optimized by using statistical designed experiments, were melt-extruded with a polyester-based matrix (INZEA) at 7 wt% loading. Mechanical, thermal, structural, morphological and colour properties of the obtained bionanocomposites were evaluated. The obtained results evidenced that the maximum CD adsorption into HT was obtained when adding 5 wt% of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate) without using any biomordant and coupling agent, while the optimal conditions for MMT were achieved without adding any of the studied modifiers. In both cases, an improvement in CD thermal stability was observed by its incorporation in the nanoclays, able to protect chlorophyll degradation. The addition of MMT to INZEA resulted in large ΔE* values compared to HT incorporation, showing bionanocomposite green/yellow tones as a consequence of the CDNPs addition. The results obtained by XRD and TEM revealed a partially intercalated/exfoliated structure for INZEA-based bionanocomposites, due to the presence of an inorganic filler in the formulation of the commercial product, which was also confirmed by TGA analysis. CDNPs showed a reinforcement effect due to the presence of the hybrid nanopigments and up to 26% improvement in Young's modulus compared to neat INZEA. Finally, the incorporation of CDNPs induced a decrease in thermal stability as well as limited effect in the melting/crystallization behaviour of the INZEA matrix. The obtained results showed the potential use of green natural dyes from broccoli wastes, adsorbed into nanoclays, for the development of naturally coloured bionanocomposites.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang H, Zhao M, Huang ZX, Qu JP. Synergistic Effect Based on Enhanced Local Shear Forces in PVDF/TiO 2/CNT Ternary Composites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mingliang Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Behera K, Veluri S, Chang YH, Yadav M, Chiu FC. Nanofillers-induced modifications in microstructure and properties of PBAT/PP blend: Enhanced rigidity, heat resistance, and electrical conductivity. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
24
|
Chen R, Liu X, Han L, Zhang Z, Li Y. Morphology, thermal behavior, rheological, and mechanical properties of polypropylene/polystyrene blends based on elongation flow. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongyuan Chen
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China
| | - Xin Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China
| | - Lin Han
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China
| | - Zhonghou Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China
| | - Yadong Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Micó-Vicent B, Viqueira V, Ramos M, Luzi F, Dominici F, Torre L, Jiménez A, Puglia D, Garrigós MC. Effect of Lemon Waste Natural Dye and Essential Oil Loaded into Laminar Nanoclays on Thermomechanical and Color Properties of Polyester Based Bionanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1451. [PMID: 32605286 PMCID: PMC7407885 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, polyester-based nanocomposites added with laminar nanoclays (calcined hydrotalcite, HT, and montmorillonite, MMT) loaded with lemon waste natural dye (LD) and essential oil (LEO) were prepared and characterized. The optimal conditions to synthetize the hybrid materials were obtained by using statistically designed experiments. The maximum LD adsorption with HT was found using 5 wt% of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 5 wt% of mordant (aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate) and 50% (v/v) ethanol. For MMT, 10 wt% of surfactant (cetylpyridinium bromide), 5 wt% of mordant, 1 wt% of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and 100% distilled water were used. LEO adsorption at 300 wt% was maximized with MMT, 10 wt% of surfactant and 50 °C following an evaporation/adsorption process. The obtained hybrid nanofillers were incorporated in a polyester-based matrix (INZEA) at different loadings (3, 5, and 7 wt%) and the obtained samples were characterized in terms of thermal stability, tensile behavior, and color properties. HT_LEM-based samples showed a bright yellow color compared to MMT_LEM ones. The presence of lemon hybrid pigments in INZEA-based systems produced a remarkable variation in CIELAB color space values, which was more visible with increasing the nanofillers ratio. A limited mechanical enhancement and reduced thermal stability was observed with the nanopigments addition, suggesting a limited extent of intercalation/exfoliation of MMT and HT in the polymer matrix. MMT_LEM pigments showed higher thermal stability than HT_LEM ones. A significant increase in Young's modulus of nanocomposites loaded with hybrid LEO was observed compared to the biopolymer matrix. The LEO inclusion into the nanoclays efficiently improved its thermal stability, especially for MMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bàrbara Micó-Vicent
- Colour and Vision Group, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, Spain; (B.M.-V.); (V.V.)
- Department of Appl. Stat. & Operat. Research, & Qual., Universitat Politècnica de València, ES-03801 Valencia, Spain
| | - Valentin Viqueira
- Colour and Vision Group, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, Spain; (B.M.-V.); (V.V.)
| | - Marina Ramos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, Spain; (M.R.); (A.J.)
| | - Francesca Luzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Franco Dominici
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Luigi Torre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Alfonso Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, Spain; (M.R.); (A.J.)
| | - Debora Puglia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - María Carmen Garrigós
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, Spain; (M.R.); (A.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Improved impact strength of poly(lactic acid) by incorporating poly(butylene succinate) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Behera K, Chang YH, Yadav M, Chiu FC. Enhanced thermal stability, toughness, and electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube-reinforced biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) blend-based nanocomposites. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|