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Chung WT, Mekhemer IM, Mohamed MG, Elewa AM, EL-Mahdy AF, Chou HH, Kuo SW, Wu KCW. Recent advances in metal/covalent organic frameworks based materials: Their synthesis, structure design and potential applications for hydrogen production. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Kao YC, Chen WC, EL-Mahdy AFM, Hsu MY, Lin CH, Kuo SW. High Thermal Resistance of Epoxy/Cyanate Ester Hybrids Incorporating an Inorganic Double-Decker-Shaped Polyhedral Silsesquioxane Nanomaterial. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185938. [PMID: 36144673 PMCID: PMC9502839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a difunctionalized cyanate ester double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ-OCN) cage with a char yield and thermal decomposition temperature (Td) which were both much higher than those of a typical bisphenol A dicyanate ester (BADCy, without the DDSQ cage) after thermal polymerization. Here, the inorganic DDSQ nanomaterial improved the thermal behavior through a nano-reinforcement effect. Blending the inorganic DDSQ-OCN cage into the epoxy resin improved its thermal and mechanical stabilities after the ring-opening polymerization of the epoxy units during thermal polymerization. The enhancement in the physical properties arose from the copolymerization of the epoxy and OCN units to form the organic/inorganic covalently bonded network structure, as well as the hydrogen bonding of the OH groups of the epoxy with the SiOSi moieties of the DDSQ units. For example, the epoxy/DDSQ-OCN = 1/1 hybrid, prepared without Cu(II)-acac as a catalyst, exhibited a glass transition temperature, thermal decomposition temperature (Td), and char yield (166 °C, 427 °C, and 51.0 wt%, respectively) that were significantly higher than those obtained when applying typical organic curing agents in the epoxy resin. The addition of Cu(II)-acac into the epoxy/BADCy and epoxy/DDSQ-OCN hybrids decreased the thermal stability (as characterized by the values of Td and the char yields) because the crosslinking density and post-hardening also decreased during thermal polymerization; nevertheless, it accelerated the thermal polymerization to a lower curing peak temperature, which is potentially useful for real applications as epoxy molding compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chin Kao
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed F. M. EL-Mahdy
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Yu Hsu
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lin
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Double-Decker-Shaped Polyhedral Silsesquioxanes Reinforced Epoxy/Bismaleimide Hybrids Featuring High Thermal Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122380. [PMID: 35745957 PMCID: PMC9229952 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized bismaleimide into a functionalized double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) cage. This was achieved by hydrosilylation of DDSQ with nadic anhydride (ND), reacting it with excess p-phenylenediamine to obtain DDSQ-ND-NH2, and treating with maleic anhydride (MA), which finally created a DDSQ-BMI cage structure. We observed that the thermal decomposition temperature (Td) and char yield were both increased upon increasing the thermal polymerization temperature, and that these two values were both significantly higher than pure BMI without the DDSQ cage structure since the inorganic DDSQ nanoparticle could strongly enhance the thermal stability based on the nano-reinforcement effect. Based on FTIR, TGA, and DMA analyses, it was found that blending epoxy resin with the DDSQ-BMI cage to form epoxy/DDSQ-BMI hybrids could also enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resin due to the organic/inorganic network formation created by the ring-opening polymerization of the epoxy group and the addition polymerization of the BMI group due to the combination of the inorganic DDSQ cage structure and hydrogen bonding effect. The epoxy/DDSQ-BMI = 1/1 hybrid system displayed high Tg value (188 °C), Td value (397 °C), and char yield (40.4 wt%), which was much higher than that of the typical DGEBA type epoxy resin with various organic curing agents.
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Mituła K, Januszewski R, Duszczak J, Rzonsowska M, Dudziec B. High thermally stable polysiloxanes cross-linked with di(alkenyl)functionalized DDSQs exhibiting swelling abilities. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu X, Shao Y, Wang W, Liao J, Liu H, Zhang W, Zhang WB, Yang S. Phase Behaviors of Giant Surfactants with Different Numbers of Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane "Heads" and One Poly(ethylene oxide) "Tail" at the Air-Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11084-11092. [PMID: 34493039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Giant surfactants with different numbers of aryl-trifluorovinyl ether-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (FVPOSS) heads and one poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) tail, (FVPOSS)n-PEO227, are precisely synthesized. The phase behaviors of (FVPOSS)n-PEO227 at the air-water interface were investigated through surface pressure measurements (isotherm and hysteresis experiments) and the Brewster angle microscopy. Upon increasing the number of FVPOSS heads, the interfacial behaviors of these giant surfactants greatly change. More phase transitions occur during the compression as the number of FVPOSS heads increased from one to two and three. The evolution of morphologies of Langmuir films and compression-expansion hysteresis curves further illustrate phase transitions at the air-water interface. Furthermore, molecular mechanisms to describe phase transitions of (FVPOSS)n-PEO227 at the interface are put forward. This study deepens the understanding of interfacial phase behaviors of special giant surfactants and provides knowledge of nanostructure design and construction at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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Mohamed MG, Chen WC, EL-Mahdy AFM, Kuo SW. Porous organic/inorganic polymers based on double-decker silsesquioxane for high-performance energy storage. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Meso/Microporous Carbons from Conjugated Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers Based on Tetraphenylethene for High-Performance CO 2 Capture and Supercapacitor. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030738. [PMID: 33572605 PMCID: PMC7866987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we successfully synthesized two types of meso/microporous carbon materials through the carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for two different kinds of hyper-crosslinked polymers of TPE-CPOP1 and TPE-CPOP2, which were synthesized by using Friedel–Crafts reaction of tetraphenylethene (TPE) monomer with or without cyanuric chloride in the presence of AlCl3 as a catalyst. The resultant porous carbon materials exhibited the high specific area (up to 1100 m2 g−1), total pore volume, good thermal stability, and amorphous character based on thermogravimetric (TGA), N2 adsoprtion/desorption, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analyses. The as-prepared TPE-CPOP1 after thermal treatment at 800 °C (TPE-CPOP1-800) displayed excellent CO2 uptake performance (1.74 mmol g−1 at 298 K and 3.19 mmol g−1 at 273 K). Furthermore, this material possesses a high specific capacitance of 453 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 comparable to others porous carbon materials with excellent columbic efficiencies for 10,000 cycle at 20 A g−1.
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Multifunctional Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Based Hybrid Porous Materials for CO 2 Uptake and Iodine Adsorption. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020221. [PMID: 33435232 PMCID: PMC7826546 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, two different types of hybrid porous organic polymers (POPs), polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane tetraphenylpyrazine (POSS-TPP) and tetraphenylethene (POSS-TPE), were successfully synthesized through the Friedel-Crafts polymerization of tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP) and tetraphenylethene (TPE), respectively, with octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS) as node building blocks, in the presence of anhydrous FeCl3 as a catalyst and 1,2-dichloroethane at 60 °C. Based on N2 adsorption and thermogravimetric analyses, the resulting hybrid porous materials displayed high surface areas (270 m2/g for POSS-TPP and 741 m2/g for POSS-TPE) and outstanding thermal stabilities. Furthermore, as-prepared POSS-TPP exhibited a high carbon dioxide capacity (1.63 mmol/g at 298 K and 2.88 mmol/g at 273 K) with an excellent high adsorption capacity for iodine, reaching up to 363 mg/g, compared with the POSS-TPE (309 mg/g).
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Chen WC, Liu YT, Kuo SW. Highly Thermal Stable Phenolic Resin Based on Double-Decker-Shaped POSS Nanocomposites for Supercapacitors. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092151. [PMID: 32967220 PMCID: PMC7570050 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we incorporated various amounts of a double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) into phenolic/DDSQ hybrids, which we prepared from a bifunctionalized phenolic DDSQ derivative (DDSQ-4OH), phenol, and CH2O under basic conditions (with DDSQ-4OH itself prepared through hydrosilylation of nadic anhydride with DDSQ and subsequent reaction with 4-aminophenol). We characterized these phenolic/DDSQ hybrids using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; 1H, 13C, and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); and thermogravimetric analysis. The thermal decomposition temperature and char yield both increased significantly upon increasing the DDSQ content, with the DDSQ units providing an inorganic protection layer on the phenolic surface, as confirmed through XPS analyses. We obtained carbon/DDSQ hybrids from the phenolic/DDSQ hybrids after thermal curing and calcination at 900 °C; these carbon/DDSQ hybrids displayed electrochemical properties superior to those of previously reported counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Yuan-Tzu Liu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-T.L.)
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-525-4099
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Hypercrosslinked porous organic polymers based on tetraphenylanthraquinone for CO2 uptake and high-performance supercapacitor. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhao B, Mei H, Liu N, Zheng S. Organic–Inorganic Polycyclooctadienes with Double-Decker Silsesquioxanes in the Main Chains: Synthesis, Self-Healing, and Shape Memory Properties Regulated with Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sixun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Construction Hierarchically Mesoporous/Microporous Materials Based on Block Copolymer and Covalent Organic Framework. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Li J, Lee P, Ahmed MMM, Mohamed MG, Kuo S. Varying the Hydrogen Bonding Strength in Phenolic/PEO‐
b
‐PLA Blends Provides Mesoporous Carbons Having Large Accessible Pores Suitable for Energy Storage. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jheng‐Guang Li
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic ScienceCenter of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Po‐Yuan Lee
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic ScienceCenter of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Mahmoud M. M. Ahmed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic ScienceCenter of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic ScienceCenter of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Shiao‐Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic ScienceCenter of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied ChemistryKaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
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Chen WC, Tsao YH, Wang CF, Huang CF, Dai L, Chen T, Kuo SW. Main Chain-Type Block Copolymers through Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization from Double-Decker-Shaped Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E465. [PMID: 32079321 PMCID: PMC7077682 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized two main chain-type block copolymers featuring hydrogen bond donor and acceptor segments through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a bifunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticle as the initiator. Hydrosilylation of vinylbenzyl chloride at the two corners of a double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) provided the bifunctionalized benzyl chloride initiator VBC-DDSQ-VBC, which we applied as a platform to prepare a main chain-type polystyrene homopolymer (PS-DDSQ-PS), the diblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-P4VP), and the diblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-tert-butoxystyrene) (PtBuOS-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PtBuOS) through sequential ATRP. Selective hydrolysis of the tert-butoxyl units of PtBuOS-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PtBuOS yielded the strongly hydrogen bonding diblock copolymer poly (styrene-b-vinylphenol) (PVPh-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PVPh). We used Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, mass-analyzed laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the chemical structures, thermal behavior, and self-assembled nanostructures formed by these main chain-type block copolymers based on DDSQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tsao
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Chih-Feng Wang
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402-27, Taiwan;
| | - Lizong Dai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Tao Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Zhongguan West Road 1219, Ningbo 315201, China;
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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