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Mohammed M, Oleiwi JK, Jawad AJM, Mohammed AM, Osman AF, Rahman R, Adam T, Betar BO, Gopinath SC, Dahham OS. Effect of zinc oxide surface treatment concentration and nanofiller loading on the flexural properties of unsaturated polyester/kenaf nanocomposites. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20051. [PMID: 37809763 PMCID: PMC10559814 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to environmental concerns and budgetary constraints associated with synthetic fibers, natural fibers (NFr) are becoming increasingly popular as reinforcement in polymer composites (PCs) for structural components and construction materials. The surface treatment (ST) method is a well-established technique for enhancing the strength of interfacial bonding between NFr and the polymer matrix (PM). As a result, this research aims to determine the effect of ST with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on the flexural properties of unsaturated polyester (UPE)/kenaf fiber (KF) nanocomposites. The hand lay-up technique was employed to produce KF-reinforced unsaturated polyester composites (KF/UPE) for this investigation. UPE/KF-ZnONPs composites were made with varying NFr loadings (weight percent), ranging from 10 to 40%. KF was treated with five distinct amounts of ZnONPs (from 1 to 5% weight percent). According to the findings of the investigation, the composite samples incorporating ZnONPs displayed superior optimum flexural properties compared to the untreated KF composite. It was found that 2% ZnONPs was optimal, and ST with ZnONPs could produce robust KF with improved flexural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mohammed
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Jawad K. Oleiwi
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Aeshah M. Mohammed
- University of Bagdad College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-Alhaitham, Iraq
| | - Azlin F. Osman
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Rozyanty Rahman
- Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Tijjani Adam
- Faculty of Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus Uniciti Alam Sg. Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar (U), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Bashir O. Betar
- Research Center (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Subash C.B. Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Omar S. Dahham
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Refinery Engineering, Al-Farabi University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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Potential Use of Chitosan-TiO 2 Nanocomposites for the Electroanalytical Detection of Imidacloprid. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091686. [PMID: 35566856 PMCID: PMC9099656 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of toxic insecticides is a major scientific and technological challenge. In this regard, imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid that is a systemic insecticide that can accumulate in agricultural products and affect human health. This work aims to study the properties of chitosan–TiO2 nanocomposites in which nanoparticles with high surface area serve as molecular recognition sites for electroanalytical imidacloprid detection. We show that the best sensitivity to imidacloprid was obtained using a modified electrode with a chitosan–TiO2 nanocomposite with a 40 wt.% of TiO2 nanoparticles. By using a three-phase effective permittivity model which includes chitosan, TiO2, an interface layer between nanoparticles and a matrix, we showed that nanocomposites with 40 wt.% of TiO2 the interface volume fraction reaches a maximum. At higher nanoparticle concentration, the sensitivity of the sensor decreases due to the decreasing of the interface volume fraction, agglomeration of nanoparticles and a decrease in their effective surface area. The methodology presented can be helpful in the design and optimization of polymer-based nanocomposites for a variety of applications.
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Yuan Y, Tang X, Jiang L, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Dong Y. Convenient CNT-Paper Gas Sensors Prepared by a Household Inkjet Printer. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32877-32882. [PMID: 33403248 PMCID: PMC7774069 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A hydrosoluble light-sensitive polymer named PSAG (poly-styrenesulfonate acrylic acid glycidyl methacrylate) was synthesized by acrylic acid (AA), sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (SS), and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). PSAG is used to modify multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a length diameter between 0.004 and 0.016. An inkjet conductive ink was formed by well-dispersed MWCNTs in aqueous and organic solvents, which could adjust the surface tension and viscosity of the ink. Gas sensors were then fabricated using this conductive ink on a household inkjet printer. The sensors demonstrated good reproducibility and acceptable recovery time (<200 s) to ammonia, methanol, and acetone. The resistance of the inkjet-printed sensor electrodes remained stable in the process of bending the sensors to different angles because of ultraviolet curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yuan
- School
of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- School
of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- School
of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Yang
- School
of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Zhou
- School
of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yanmao Dong
- School
of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P. R. China
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