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Yu Z, Gao WT, Liu YJ, Zhang QG, Zhu AM, Liu QL. Fluorinated poly(p-triphenyl piperidine) anion exchange membranes with robust dimensional stability for fuel cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:404-414. [PMID: 37549525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), which are more economical than proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), stand out in the context of the rapid development of renewable energy. Superacid-catalyzed ether-free aromatic polymers have recently received a lot of attention due to their exceptional performance, but their development has been hampered by the trade-off between the dimensional stability and ionic conductivity of anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Here, we introduced fluoroketones containing different numbers of fluorinated groups (x = 0, 3 and 6) in the main chain of p-terphenyl piperidine because of the favorable hydrophobic properties of fluorinated groups. The results show that fluorinated AEMs can enhance OH- conductivity by building more aggregated hydrophilic channels while ensuring dimensional stability. The PTF6-QAPTP AEM with more fluorinated groups has the most excellent performance at 80 °C with an OH- conductivity of 142.7 mS cm-1 and a swelling ratio (SR) of only 4.55 %. Additionally, it exhibits good alkali durability, with the OH- conductivity and quaternary ammonium (QA) cation retaining at 93.45% and 92.6%, respectively, after immersion in a 2 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 1200 h. In addition, the power density of the PTF6-QAPTP based single cell reaches 849 mW cm-2 when the current density is 1600 mA cm-2. The PTF6-QAPTP based cell has a voltage retention of 88% after 80 h of stability testing at a constant current density of 300 mA cm-2 at 80 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wei Ting Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ying Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qiu Gen Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ai Mei Zhu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qing Lin Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
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Duan X, Zhu X, Li G, Xia R, Qian J, Ge Q. Pyrrolidinium-Based Hyperbranched Anion Exchange Membranes with Controllable Microphase Separated Morphology for Alkaline Fuel Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200669. [PMID: 36153849 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is well acknowledged that the microphase-separated morphology of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is of vital importance for membrane properties utilized in alkaline fuel cells. Herein, a rigid macromolecule poly(methyldiallylamine) (PMDA) is incorporated to regulate the microphase morphology of hyperbranched AEMs. As expected, the hyperbranched poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (HB-PVBC) is guided to distribute along PMDA chains, and longer PMDA cha leads to a more distinct microphase morphology with interconnected ionic channels. Consequently, high chloride conductivity of 10.49 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and suppressed water swelling ratio lower than 30% at 80 °C are obtained. Furthermore, the β-H of pyrrolidinium cations in the non-antiperiplanar position increases the energy barrier of β-H elimination, leading to conformationally disfavored Hofmann elimination and increased alkaline stability. This strategy is anticipated to provide a feasible way for preparing hyperbranched AEMs with clear microphase morphology and good overall properties for alkaline fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Gege Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Ru Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
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3
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Wang Q, Huang L, Wang Z, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Qin G, Li S, Zhang S. High Conductive Anion Exchange Membranes from All-Carbon Twisted Intrinsic Microporous Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Zimo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Guorui Qin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Shenghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Suobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
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Zhao Z, Zhang M, Du W, Xiao Y, Yang Z, Dong D, Zhang X, Fan M. Strong and Flexible High-Performance Anion Exchange Membranes with Long-Distance Interconnected Ion Transport Channels for Alkaline Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38132-38143. [PMID: 35971597 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), which operate on a variety of green fuels, can achieve high power without emitting greenhouse gases. However, the lack of high ionic conductivity and long-term durability of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) as their key components is a major obstacle hindering the commercial application of AEMFCs. Here, a series of homogeneous semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) AEMs formed by cross-linking a copolymer of styrene (St) and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) with branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) were designed. The pure carbon copolymer skeleton without sulfone/ether bonds accompanied by the semi-IPN endows the AEMs with excellent chemical stability. Moreover, the cross-linking effect of flexible BPEI chains is supposed to promote the "strong-flexible" mechanical properties, while the presence of multiquaternary ammonium groups can boost the formation of microphase separation, thereby enhancing the ionic conductivity of these AEMs. Consequently, the optimized (S1V1)3Q AEM exhibits an excellent hydroxide conductivity of 106 mS cm-1 at 80 °C, as well as more than 81% residual conductivity after soaking in 1 M NaOH at 60 °C for 720 h. Furthermore, the H2/O2 fuel cell assembled with (S1V1)3Q AEM delivers a peak power density of 150.2 mW cm-2 at 60 °C and 40% relative humidity. All results indicate that the approach of combining a pure carbon backbone polymer with a semi-IPN structure may be a viable strategy for fabricating AEMs that can be used in AEMFCs for long-term applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhao
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghua Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Du
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Xiao
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojie Yang
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Dong
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Fan
- Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
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Development of rigid side-chain poly(ether sulfone)s based anion exchange membrane with multiple annular quaternary ammonium ion groups for fuel cells. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Liu Q, Wang Z, Sui Z, Shui T, Wang S. A novel anion exchange membrane based on silicone/polyphenylene oxide with excellent ionic conductivity for
AEMFC. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Zhiyin Sui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Tianen Shui
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
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Cruz-Rosado A, Romero-Hernández JE, Ríos-López M, López-Morales S, Cedillo G, Ríos-Ruiz LM, Cetina-Mancilla E, Palacios-Alquisira J, Zolotukhin MG, Vivaldo-Lima E. Molecular weight development in the superacid-catalyzed polyhydroxyalkylation of 1-propylisatin and biphenyl at stoichiometric conditions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang Q, Huang L, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Qin G, Li S, Zhang S. Design, synthesis and characterization of anion exchange membranes containing guanidinium salts with ultrahigh dimensional stability. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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