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Noguchi S, Kiyama R, Yoshida M, Marsudi MA, Kashimura N, Tadanaga K, Gong JP, Nonoyama T. Real-Space Visualization of Charged Polymer Network of Hydrogel by Double Network Strategy and Mineral Staining. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:9088-9095. [PMID: 38979827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels consist of three-dimensional (3D) and complicated polymer networks that determine their physical properties. Among the methods for structural analyses of hydrogels, the real-space imaging of a polymer network of hydrogels on a nanometer scale is one of the optimal methods; however, it is highly challenging. In this study, we propose a direct observation method for cationic polymer networks using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By combining the double network strategy and the mineral staining technique, we overcame the challenges of polymer aggregation and the low electron density of the polymer. An objective cationic network was incorporated into a neutral skeleton network to suppress shrinkage during subsequent staining. Titania mineralization along the cationic polymer strands provided sufficient electron density for the objective polymer network for TEM observation. This observation method enables the visualization of local structures in real space and plays a complementary role to scattering methods for soft matter structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Noguchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kiyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Maradhana Agung Marsudi
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kashimura
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kiyoharu Tadanaga
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nonoyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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Zheng S, Wei L, Zhang Z, Pan J, He J, Gao L, Li CC. In Situ Polymerization of Ionic Liquid with Tunable Phase Separation for Highly Reversible and Ultralong Cycle Life Zn-Ion Battery. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9062-9070. [PMID: 36331177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Severe Zn dendrite growth and side reactions greatly limit the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, we design a layer of polyionic liquid (PCAVImBr) film with a tunable pore size and charge density on the Zn anode to endow homogenized distribution of an electronic field, acerated Zn2+ permeation, and inhabitation of water entry. Such an optimal combination is achieved via a polymerization induced phase separation strategy, where the enhanced cross-linking density arrests the phase separation in a shallow depth and vice versa. Furthermore, the Zn@PCAVImBr electrode has good plating/stripping reversibility, which retains a 99.6% CE efficiency after 3000 cycles. The symmetric cells can achieve a cycle life of more than 2400 h at different current densities. It is worth mentioning that the NVO//Zn@PCAVImBr full cell can still reach a 91.2% capacity retention after nearly 4000 cycles at a high current of 10 A g-1, and provides new insights for the future research of zinc-ion battery anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Licheng Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Jiageng Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Jiangfeng He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Liang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Cheng Chao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou510006, China
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Abou-Elanwar AM, Shirke YM, Cho SJ, Jin Kwon S, Choi WK, Uk Hong S, Keun Lee H, Jeon JD. Ultrathin double network-coated hollow fiber membrane designed for water vapor separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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