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Bochkarev LN, Parshina YP, Gracheva YV, Kovylina TA, Lermontova SA, Klapshina LG, Konev AN, Lopatin MA, Lukina MM, Komarova AD, Shcheslavskiy VI, Shirmanova MV. Red Light-Emitting Water-Soluble Luminescent Iridium-Containing Polynorbornenes: Synthesis, Characterization and Oxygen Sensing Properties in Biological Tissues In Vivo. Molecules 2021; 26:6349. [PMID: 34770757 PMCID: PMC8587708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New water-soluble polynorbornenes P1-P4 containing oligoether, amino acid groups and luminophoric complexes of iridium(III) were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The polymeric products in organic solvents and in water demonstrate intense photoluminescence in the red spectral region. The polymers P1 and P3 with 1-phenylisoquinoline cyclometalating ligands in iridium fragments reveal 4-6 fold higher emission quantum yields in solutions than those of P2 and P4 that contain iridium complexes with 1-(thien-2-yl)isoquinoline cyclometalating ligands. The emission parameters of P1-P4 in degassed solutions essentially differ from those in the aerated solutions showing oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence. Biological testing of P1 and P3 demonstrates that the polymers do not penetrate into live cultured cancer cells and normal skin fibroblasts and do not possess cytotoxicity within the concentrations and time ranges reasonable for biological studies. In vivo, the polymers display longer phosphorescence lifetimes in mouse tumors than in muscle, as measured using phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM), which correlates with tumor hypoxia. Therefore, preliminary evaluation of the synthesized polymers shows their suitability for noninvasive in vivo assessments of oxygen levels in biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid N. Bochkarev
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Yulia P. Parshina
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Yana V. Gracheva
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Tatyana A. Kovylina
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Svetlana A. Lermontova
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Larisa G. Klapshina
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Aleksey N. Konev
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Mikhail A. Lopatin
- Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina, 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.P.P.); (Y.V.G.); (T.A.K.); (S.A.L.); (L.G.K.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Maria M. Lukina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Sq. 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.M.L.); (A.D.K.); (V.I.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Anastasia D. Komarova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Sq. 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.M.L.); (A.D.K.); (V.I.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Vladislav I. Shcheslavskiy
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Sq. 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.M.L.); (A.D.K.); (V.I.S.); (M.V.S.)
- Becker&Hickl GmbH, Nunsdorfer Ring 7-9, 12277 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina V. Shirmanova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky Sq. 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.M.L.); (A.D.K.); (V.I.S.); (M.V.S.)
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