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Wang S, Zhao K, Li J, Yu X, Zhang Q, Han Y. Microstructural Evolution of P(NDI2OD-T2) Films with Different Molecular Weight during Stretching Deformation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300624. [PMID: 38018318 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers exhibit excellent electrical and mechanical properties when their molecular weight (Mw) is above the critical molecular weight (Mc). The microstructural changes of polymers under strain are crucial to establish a structure-performance relationship. Herein, the tensile deformation of P(NDI2OD-T2) is visualized, and cracks are revealed either along the (100) crystal plane of side chain packing or along the main chain direction which depends on the Mw is below or above the Mc. When Mw < Mc, the film cracks along the (100) plane under small strains. When Mw > Mc, the polymer chains first undergo stretch-induced orientation and then fracture along the main chain direction at large strains. This is attributed to the fact that the low Mw film exhibits large crystalline domains and the absence of interdomain connectivity, which are vulnerable to mechanical stress. In contrast, the high Mw film displays a nearly amorphous morphology with adequate entanglements, the molecular chains can endure stresses in the stretching direction to release substantial strain energy under greater mechanical deformation. Therefore, the film with Mw > Mc exhibits the optimal electrical and mechanical performances simultaneously, i.e., the electron mobility is retained under 100% strain and after 100 stretching-releasing cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kefeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Junhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xinhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Teacă CA, Shahzad A, Duceac IA, Tanasă F. The Re-/Up-Cycling of Wood Waste in Wood-Polymer Composites (WPCs) for Common Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3467. [PMID: 37631524 PMCID: PMC10459235 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood-polymer composites (WPCs) are a class of materials intensively studied and promoted in the context of sustainable development, mainly when aspects related to the increasing awareness of environmental issues and waste management are considered. Feasible opportunities for producing WPCs with value-added properties intended for common applications emerge when polymers, either synthetic or from renewable resources, raw or waste, are employed in re-/up-cycling approaches. In this context, some examples of easily achievable WPCs are presented herein, namely, formulations based on different wood waste and polymer matrices (synthetic: polypropylene and malleated polypropylene as a compatibilizer; natural: plasticized starch). Their level of performance was assessed through different characterization methods (FTIR, WAXD, TGA, DSC, mechanical test, etc.). The benefits and limitations of this approach are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Alice Teacă
- Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Asim Shahzad
- College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Risalpur 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Ioana A. Duceac
- Polyaddition and Photochemistry Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Fulga Tanasă
- Polyaddition and Photochemistry Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
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Cavitation behavior of polypropylene/polyethylene multilayer films during uniaxial tensile deformation: In-situ synchrotron X-ray study. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Niu D, Xu P, Li J, Yang W, Liu T, Ma P. Drawing Temperature-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Poly(glycolic acid)/Poly(butylene adipate- co-terephthalate) Films. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deyu Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, China
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Basko A, Pochivalov K. Current State-of-the-Art in Membrane Formation from Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12111137. [PMID: 36422129 PMCID: PMC9696610 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the materials that attracts attention as a potential material for membrane formation is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). One potential material for membrane formation is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The present review summarizes the results of studies carried out over the last 30 years in the field of preparation, modification and structure and property control of membranes made from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. The review also presents a classification of the methods of membrane formation from this polymer and analyzes the conventional (based on the analysis of incomplete phase diagrams) and alternative (based on the analysis of phase diagrams supplemented by a boundary line reflecting the polymer swelling degree dependence on temperature) physicochemical concepts of the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method used to prepare UHMWPE membranes. It also considers the main ways to control the structure and properties of UHMWPE membranes obtained by TIPS and the original variations of this method. This review discusses the current challenges in UHMWPE membrane formation, such as the preparation of a homogeneous solution and membrane shrinkage. Finally, the article speculates about the modification and application of UHMWPE membranes and further development prospects. Thus, this paper summarizes the achievements in all aspects of UHMWPE membrane studies.
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Zhang W, Shi J, Jiang S. Temperature dependence of deformation behavior in amorphous poly(butylene terephthalate)/poly(carbonate) blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Zhang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jiangao Shi
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Shichun Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin P. R. China
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