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Barrington H, Dickinson A, McGuire J, Yan C, Reid M. Computer Vision for Kinetic Analysis of Lab- and Process-Scale Mixing Phenomena. Org Process Res Dev 2022; 26:3073-3088. [PMID: 36437899 PMCID: PMC9680030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A software platform for the computer vision-enabled analysis of mixing phenomena of relevance to process scale-up is described. By bringing new and known time-resolved mixing metrics under one platform, hitherto unavailable comparisons of pixel-derived mixing metrics are exemplified across non-chemical and chemical processes. The analytical methods described are applicable using any camera and across an appreciable range of reactor scales, from development through to process scale-up. A case study in nucleophilic aromatic substitution run on a 5 L scale in a stirred tank reactor shows how camera and offline concentration analyses can be correlated. In some cases, it can be shown that camera data hold the power to predict reaction progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Barrington
- Department
of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Royal
College Building 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Alan Dickinson
- Colorants
Technology Centre, FUJIFILM Imaging Colorants, Earls Road, Grangemouth FK3 8XG, U.K.
| | - Jake McGuire
- Department
of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Royal
College Building 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Chunhui Yan
- Department
of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Royal
College Building 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Marc Reid
- Department
of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Royal
College Building 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, U.K.,
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Arularasi V, Pachiappan T, Avudaiappan S, Raman SN, Guindos P, Amran M, Fediuk R, Vatin NI. Effects of Admixtures on Energy Consumption in the Process of Ready-Mixed Concrete Mixing. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124143. [PMID: 35744203 PMCID: PMC9230967 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The production and utilization of concrete and concrete-based products have drastically increased with the surge of construction activities over the last decade, especially in countries such as China and India. Consequently, this has resulted in a corresponding increase in the energy used for the production of ready-mixed concrete. One approach to reduce the cost of concrete manufacturing is to reduce the energy required for the manufacturing process. The main hypothesis of this study is that the power required for mixing the concrete can be reduced through the use of mineral admixtures in the mix design. Optimization of energy consumption during mixing using admixtures in concrete manufacturing is the predominant focus of this article. To achieve this objective, power consumption data were measured and analyzed throughout the concrete mixing process. The power consumption curve is the only source to distinguish the behavior of the different materials used in the concrete in a closed chamber. In the current research, fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) were used as mineral admixtures to produce ready-mixed concrete. The experimental study focused on the influence of GGBS and fly ash on power consumption during concrete mixing. The results indicated that the use of a higher content of GGBS is more beneficial in comparison to the use of fly ash in the mix due to the lower mixing time required to achieve homogeneity in the mixing process. It was found that the amount of energy required for mixing is directly related to the mixing time for the mix to achieve homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerabadrasamy Arularasi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India;
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Thamilselvi Pachiappan
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India;
| | - Siva Avudaiappan
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Sudharshan Naidu Raman
- School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Pablo Guindos
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Mugahed Amran
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, Amran 9677, Yemen
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Roman Fediuk
- Polytechnic Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia;
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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Smartphone Application for Determining the Segregation Index of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132212564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the low density of the aggregates and the longer mixing times, lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) is susceptible to segregation of the aggregates. Several studies have proposed different methods to estimate the segregation of concrete because segregation affects strength and durability in structures. Image analysis techniques have become very popular for quickly analysing different materials and, together with the widespread use of mobile applications, can make it much easier for engineers to obtain parameters that identify concrete segregation. The aim of this work was the development of a mobile application to photograph the section of a concrete specimen and indicate the segregation values. A simple, fast, and effective application was implemented, and the results were validated with other previously published results, which can facilitate the task of engineers and researchers to determine the segregation of concrete.
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Zhang L, Yang K, Li M, Xiao Q, Wang H. Experimental investigation on the uniformity optimization and chaos characterization of gas-liquid two-phase mixing process using statistical image analysis. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katzer J, Halbiniak J, Langier B, Major M, Major I. Influence of Varied Waste Ceramic Fillers on the Resistance of Concrete to Freeze-Thaw Cycles. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030624. [PMID: 33572975 PMCID: PMC7866370 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our research focused on the influence of fillers obtained from crushed waste materials on the selected properties of concrete composites. The used waste materials were sourced from the production of ceramic tiles, ceramic pots, and sanitary ceramics. We evaluated concretes modified with the addition of 10% (by mass of cement) of different fillers. The properties, including the air content in the fresh concrete mix, consistency, compressive strength, and freeze-thaw resistance were examined. The evaluation of the freeze-thaw resistance was carried out by testing the concrete with the direct method for 150 cycles of freezing and thawing. The characteristics of the concrete porosity structure were assessed using automated digital image analysis. Concretes modified by coarse and fine fillers were characterized by different improvements in the mechanical properties and resistance to cycles of freezing and thawing. Composites with the addition of coarse fillers did not show any significant changes in comparison to the control concrete. An automated digital image analysis of the pore distribution in concrete proved to be an effective tool for the assessment of the freeze–thaw resistance of the concretes in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Katzer
- Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Heweliusza 4, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Jacek Halbiniak
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland; (J.H.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Bogdan Langier
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland; (J.H.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Maciej Major
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland; (J.H.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Izabela Major
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland; (J.H.); (B.L.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Bowler AL, Bakalis S, Watson NJ. A review of in-line and on-line measurement techniques to monitor industrial mixing processes. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rossi A, Vila Y, Lusiani F, Barsotti L, Sani L, Ceccarelli P, Lanzetta M. Embedded smart sensor device in construction site machinery. COMPUT IND 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compind.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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