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Peštálová A, Gajdziok J. Modern trends in the formulation of microparticles for lung delivery using porogens: methods, principles and examples. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:504-516. [PMID: 38712608 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2350530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation drug administration is increasingly used for local pharmacotherapy of lung disorders and as an alternative route for systemic drug delivery. Modern inhalation powder systems aim to target drug deposition in the required site of action. Large porous particles (LPP), characterized by an aerodynamic diameter over 5 μm, density below 0.4 g/cm3, and the ability to avoid protective lung mechanisms, come to the forefront of the research. They are mostly prepared by spray techniques such as spray drying or lyophilization using pore-forming substances (porogens). These substances could be gaseous, solid, or liquid, and their selection depends on their polarity, solubility, and mutual compatibility with the carrier material and the drug. According to the pores-forming mechanism, porogens can be divided into groups, such as osmogens, extractable porogens, and porogens developing gases during decomposition. This review characterizes modern trends in the formulation of solid microparticles for lung delivery; describes the mechanisms of action of the most often used porogens, discusses their applicability in various formulation methods, emphasizes spray techniques; and documents discussed topics by examples from experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Peštálová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gajdziok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Bouguerra OM, Wahab RA, Huyop F, Al-Fakih AM, Mahmood WMAW, Mahat NA, Sabullah MK. An Overview of Crosslinked Enzyme Aggregates: Concept of Development and Trends of Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04809-y. [PMID: 38180645 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes are commonly used as biocatalysts for various biological and chemical processes in industrial applications. However, their limited operational stability, catalytic efficiency, poor reusability, and high-cost hamper further industrial usage. Thus, crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) are developed as a better enzyme immobilization tool to extend the enzymes' operational stability. This immobilization method is appealing because it is simpler due to the absence of ballast and permits the collective use of crude enzyme cocktails. CLEAs, so far, have been successfully developed using a variety of enzymes, viz., hydrolases, proteases, amidases, lipases, esterases, and oxidoreductase. Recent years have seen the emergence of novel strategies for preparing better CLEAs, which include the combi- and multi-CLEAs, magnetics CLEAs, and porous CLEAs for various industrial applications, viz., laundry detergents, organic synthesis, food industries, pharmaceutical applications, oils, and biodiesel production. To better understand the different strategies for CLEAs' development, this review explores these strategies and highlights the relevant concerns in designing innovative CLEAs. This article also details the challenges faced during CLEAs preparation and solutions for overcoming them. Finally, the trending strategies to improve the preparation of CLEAs alongside their industrial application trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumaima Maroua Bouguerra
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - Fahrul Huyop
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdo Mohammed Al-Fakih
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Muhd Asyraf Wan Mahmood
- Centre of Foundation Studies, Dengkil Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, 43800, Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naji Arafat Mahat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khalizan Sabullah
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
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Chen Y, Yan S, Zhang S, Yin Q, Chen XD, Wu WD. Micro-fluidic Spray Freeze Dried Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride-Embedded Dry Powder for Inhalation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:211. [PMID: 35915199 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)-embedded dry powder for inhalation (AeDPI) is highly desirable for pulmonary delivery of high-dose drug. Herein, a series of spray freeze-dried (SFD) ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CH)-embedded dry powders were fabricated via a self-designed micro-fluidic spray freeze tower (MFSFT) capable of tuning freezing temperature of cooling air as the refrigerant medium. The effects of total solid content (TSC), mass ratio of CH to L-leucine (Leu) as the aerosol dispersion enhancer, and the freezing temperature on particle morphology, size, density, moisture content, crystal properties, flowability, and aerodynamic performance were investigated. It was found that the Leu content and freezing temperature had considerable influence on the fine particle fraction (FPF) of the SFD microparticles. The optimal formulation (CH/Leu = 7:3, TSC = 2%w/w) prepared at - 40°C exhibited remarkable effective drug deposition (~ 33.38%), good aerodynamic performance (~ 47.69% FPF), and excellent storage stability with ultralow hygroscopicity (~ 1.93%). This work demonstrated the promising feasibility of using the MFSFT instead of conventional liquid nitrogen assisted method in the research and development of high-dose AeDPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Yan
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Yin
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Dong Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Winston Duo Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Powder Technology (ERCAPT), School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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Microencapsulation of a Commercial Food-Grade Protease by Spray Drying in Cross-Linked Chitosan Particles. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142077. [PMID: 35885320 PMCID: PMC9317512 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the use of spray-drying technology for encapsulating Flavourzyme® (protease–peptidase complex) was evaluated to overcome the limitations (low encapsulation efficiency and no large-scale production) of other encapsulation processes. To the best of our knowledge, spray drying has not been applied previously for the immobilization of this enzyme. Firstly, bovine serum albumin (BSA), as a model protein, was encapsulated by spray drying in chitosan and tripolyphoshate (TPP) cross-linked-chitosan shell matrices. The results showed that the chitosan–TPP microcapsules provided a high encapsulation efficiency and better protein stability compared to the non-crosslinked chitosan microcapsules. The effect of enzyme concentration and drying temperature were tested during the spray drying of Flavourzyme®. In this regard, an activity yield of 88.0% and encapsulation efficiency of 78.6% were obtained with a concentration of 0.1% (v/v) and an inlet temperature of 130 °C. Flavourzyme®-loaded chitosan microcapsules were also characterized in terms of their size and morphology using scanning electron microscopy and laser diffractometry.
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Li G, Li T, He F, Chen C, Xu X, Tian W, Yang Y, He X, Li H, Chen K, Hao N, Ouyang P. Microencapsulation of nattokinase from fermentation by spray drying: Optimization, comprehensive score, and stability. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3906-3916. [PMID: 34262747 PMCID: PMC8269611 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nattokinase from fermentation has recently gained more attention due to its beneficial effects on cardiovascular system. However, the instability of free nattokinase limits its application. The aim of the study was to develop a spray-drying microencapsulation process to obtain the nattokinase powder with high activity, high quality, and strong storage stability. Hence, the microencapsulation process of nattokinase from fermentation by spray drying was optimized. Experiments of single-factor and response surface methodology were used to assess the comprehensive scores and nattokinase activities. According to single-factor and response surface methodology results, optimum parameters of microencapsulation process of the nattokinase power by spray drying were 30% of mass ratio of wall materials, 139°C of air inlet temperature, 8 L/h of feed rate, and 80°C of outlet temperature. The final optimized result encompassed a comprehensive score of 96, nattokinase activity of 1,340 IU/ml, and moisture content of 4.1 ± 0.1%. In addition, the microencapsulated nattokinase power showed strong storage stability in the conditions of different temperatures and pH. After 30 days of storage, the nattokinase powder was still white or light yellow, with a special smell, no peculiar smell and paste taste, and no impurity. These results build the basis of further industrialization of the nattokinase powder from fermentation broth by spray drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganlu Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tao Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Feng He
- Jiangsu Jicui Industrial Biotechnology Research Institute Co.Ltd, NanjingChina
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Weilong Tian
- Jiangsu Jicui Industrial Biotechnology Research Institute Co.Ltd, NanjingChina
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xun He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hui Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kequan Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ning Hao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina
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Di A, Zhang S, Liu X, Tong Z, Sun S, Tang Z, Chen XD, Wu WD. Microfluidic spray dried and spray freeze dried uniform microparticles potentially for intranasal drug delivery and controlled release. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Tian Q, Zhou W, Cai Q, Ma G, Lian G. Concepts, processing, and recent developments in encapsulating essential oils. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xiong X, Zhang S, Fu N, Lei H, Wu WD, Chen XD. Effects of particle formation behavior on the properties of fish oil microcapsules fabricated using a micro-fluidic jet spray dryer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2019-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fish oil was encapsulated with whey protein isolate (WPI) as wall material using a Micro-Fluidic Jet Spray Dryer. The effects of core/wall material ratio, drying temperature and total solids content on the properties of microcapsules were studied. Low core/wall material ratios at 1:5 and 1:3 resulted in high encapsulation efficiency (EE) and excellent oxidative stability of microparticles during storage. Reducing the inlet temperature from 160 to 110 °C remarkably decreased EE from around 99 to 64.8%, associated with substantial increases in peroxide value during storage. The total solids content mainly altered the morphology of microcapsules, showing little influence on EE and oxidative stability. We proposed that the different drying conditions impacted on particle formation behavior during spray drying, which could be a crucial factor responsible for the differences in the quality attributes of microparticles. A low core/wall material ratio and high drying temperature facilitated the formation of a rigid protein skin at droplet surface during drying, whereas a high solids fraction in the droplets could limit possible droplet shrinkage. These factors contributed positively to the encapsulation of the lipophilic core material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Xiong
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Nan Fu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Hong Lei
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Winston Duo Wu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Xiao Dong Chen
- China-Australia Joint Research Center of Future Dairy Manufacturing, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu Province 215123, China
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Mukundan S, Melo JS, Sen D, Bahadur J. Enhancement in β-galactosidase activity of Streptococcus lactis cells by entrapping in microcapsules comprising of correlated silica nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Microencapsulation of Vitamin A by spray-drying, using binary and ternary blends of gum arabic, starch and maltodextrin. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lipase immobilization on ceramic supports: An overview on techniques and materials. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 42:107581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Spray drying of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with calcium-containing protectant for enhanced viability. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Xu B, Guo J, Fu Y, Chen X, Guo J. A review on microfluidics in the detection of food pesticide residues. Electrophoresis 2019; 41:821-832. [PMID: 31525822 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper briefly explains the food safety problems related to pesticide residues and introduces microfluidics technology as a pesticide residue detection method. Three mainstream microfluidic detection devices are detailed: one driven by liquid surface tension, one by motor siphon drive, and one by centrifugal force. The advantages and disadvantages of each are considered in an analysis of future trends in microfluidic technology for pesticide detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangbang Xu
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jiuchuan Guo
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Fu
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jinhong Guo
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Vishali D, Monisha J, Sivakamasundari S, Moses J, Anandharamakrishnan C. Spray freeze drying: Emerging applications in drug delivery. J Control Release 2019; 300:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dutta S, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Modern frontiers and applications of spray‐freeze‐drying in design of food and biological supplements. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani Dutta
- Computational Modeling and Nano Scale Processing UnitIndian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - J. A. Moses
- Computational Modeling and Nano Scale Processing UnitIndian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - C. Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational Modeling and Nano Scale Processing UnitIndian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
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