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Yang H, Wu P, Wang T, Yu Y, Li J, Liu R, Ruan Q. Topical ophthalmic instillation of engineered hMSCs-derived exosomes: A novel non-invasive therapeutic strategy for ocular posterior-segment disorder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 723:150212. [PMID: 38850812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Due to the presence of protective mechanisms and blood-ocular barriers in the eye, drugs aimed at treating posterior segment ophthalmic disorder have to be administrated mostly through periocular or intravitreal injection. In the current study, we sought to investigate whether topical ophthalmic instillation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)-derived exosomes can prevent and treat experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a posterior segment ophthalmic disease induced in animals and considered a model of human autoimmune diseases of the eye. Our studies reveal that topical ophthalmic instillation of hMSCs-derived exosomes can effectively ameliorate EAU. More importantly, we demonstrate that exosomes modified by trans-activator of transcription peptide (TAT) were more effective than naive exosomes in penetrating ocular barrier and preventing/treating EAU. Taken together, these results indicate that topical ophthalmic instillation of TAT-peptide modified exosomes represents a novel non-invasive therapeutic strategy for posterior-segment ophthalmic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Yang
- Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China; Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jun Li
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Engineering Antibody Medicine, Medical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Engineering Antibody Medicine, Medical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Hammad M, Ashour HM. Single-cell transcriptomics unveil a unique molecular profile of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-induced myeloid-derived immune suppressor cells. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1612-1613. [PMID: 38795702 PMCID: PMC11184375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hammad
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hossam M Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
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Lee HJ, Choi YR, Ko JH, Ryu JS, Oh JY. Defining mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells using single-cell transcriptomics. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1970-1983. [PMID: 38627968 PMCID: PMC11184332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) modulate the immune response through interactions with innate immune cells. We previously demonstrated that MSCs alleviate ocular autoimmune inflammation by directing bone marrow cell differentiation from pro-inflammatory CD11bhiLy6ChiLy6Glo cells into immunosuppressive CD11bmidLy6CmidLy6Glo cells. Herein, we analyzed MSC-induced CD11bmidLy6Cmid cells using single-cell RNA sequencing and compared them with CD11bhiLy6Chi cells. Our investigation revealed seven distinct immune cell types including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the CD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, while CD11bhiLy6Chi cells included mostly monocytes/macrophages with a small cluster of neutrophils. These MSC-induced MDSCs highly expressed Retnlg, Cxcl3, Cxcl2, Mmp8, Cd14, and Csf1r as well as Arg1. Comparative analyses of CSF-1RhiCD11bmidLy6Cmid and CSF-1RloCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells demonstrated that the former had a homogeneous monocyte morphology and produced elevated levels of interleukin-10. Functionally, these CSF-1RhiCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, compared with the CSF-1RloCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation and promoted CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg expansion in culture and in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Resistin-like molecule (RELM)-γ encoded by Retnlg, one of the highly upregulated genes in MSC-induced MDSCs, had no direct effects on T cell proliferation, Treg expansion, or splenocyte activation. Together, our study revealed a distinct transcriptional profile of MSC-induced MDSCs and identified CSF-1R as a key cell-surface marker for detection and therapeutic enrichment of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Lee
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoo Rim Choi
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jin Suk Ryu
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Duan Y, Chen X, Shao H, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li H, Zhao C, Xiao H, Wang J, Zhang X. Enhanced immunosuppressive capability of mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles with high expression of CD73 in experimental autoimmune uveitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:149. [PMID: 38783393 PMCID: PMC11118760 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune uveitis is an inflammatory disease triggered by an aberrant immune response. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) are emerging as potential therapeutic agents for this condition. CD73, an ectoenzyme present on MSC-sEVs, is involved in mitigating inflammation by converting extracellular adenosine monophosphate into adenosine. We hypothesize that the inhibitory effect of MSC-sEVs on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) could be partially attributed to the surface expression of CD73. METHODS To investigate novel therapeutic approaches for autoimmune uveitis, we performed lentiviral transduction to overexpress CD73 on the surface of MSC-sEVs, yielding CD73-enriched MSC-sEVs (sEVs-CD73). Mice with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP)-induced EAU were grouped randomly and treated with 50 µg MSC-sEVs, vector infected MSC-sEVs, sEVs-CD73 or PBS via single tail vein injection. We evaluated the clinical and histological features of the induced mice and analyzed the proportion and functional capabilities of T helper cells. Furthermore, T-cells were co-cultured with various MSC-sEVs in vitro, and we quantified the resulting inflammatory response to assess the potential therapeutic benefits of sEVs-CD73. RESULTS Compared to MSC-sEVs, sEVs-CD73 significantly alleviates EAU, leading to reduced inflammation and diminished tissue damage. Treatment with sEVs-CD73 results in a decreased proportion of Th1 cells in the spleen, draining lymph nodes, and eyes, accompanied by an increased proportion of regulatory T-cells (Treg cells). In vitro assays further reveal that sEVs-CD73 inhibits T-cell proliferation, suppresses Th1 cells differentiation, and enhances Treg cells proportion. CONCLUSION Over-expression of CD73 on MSC-sEVs enhances their immunosuppressive effects in EAU, indicating that sEVs-CD73 has the potential as an efficient immunotherapeutic agent for autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiteng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yongtao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang M, Xu G, Zhou X, Luo M, Ma N, Wang X, Wang Z, Tang H, Wang X, Li Y, Yuan X, Li Y. Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate H9N2-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting caspase-3-GSDME-mediated pyroptosis of lung alveolar epithelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176148. [PMID: 37866742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus infection mediates the host's excessive immune response, wherein caspase-3-GSDME-mediated pyroptosis of lung alveolar epithelial cells can contribute to inducing cytokine storm, leading to acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Numerous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent immunomodulatory abilities and can mitigate virus-induced cytokine storm and lung injury. However, the role of MSCs in lung pyroptosis remains poorly understood. In this study, we established an ALI model using a mouse-adapted strain of avian influenza virus H9N2 (MA01) and intervened by injecting appropriate bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) into the mouse's trachea. The results obtained from animal experiments demonstrated that BMMSCs prevented and ameliorated ALI by inhibiting Caspase-3-GSDME-mediated pyroptosis of lung epithelial cells as well as hypercytokinemia. Similarly, corresponding results were observed in vitro, where BMMSCs and the lung epithelial cell line MLE-12 cells were co-cultured in a transwell compartment. Additionally, the caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK could block MA01-induced GSDME activation. Furthermore, by combining RNA-Seq data with in vitro and in vivo results, we also discovered that MA01-induced pyroptosis is associated with the BAK/BAX-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Notably, BMMSCs exhibit the ability to interfere with this signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study provides novel theoretical support for the utilization of BMMSCs in the treatment of ALI induced by influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Zhang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guofeng Xu
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Luo
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiefang Yuan
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Finocchio L, Zeppieri M, Gabai A, Spadea L, Salati C. Recent Advances of Adipose-Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Retinal Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7015. [PMID: 38002628 PMCID: PMC10672618 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of stem cell research in modern times, stem cell-based therapy has opened a new era of tissue regeneration, becoming one of the most promising strategies for currently untreatable retinal diseases. Among the various sources of stem cells, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality due to their characteristics and multiple functions, which include immunoregulation, anti-apoptosis of neurons, cytokine and growth factor secretion, and antioxidative activities. Studies have shown that ADSCs can facilitate the replacement of dying cells, promote tissue remodeling and regeneration, and support the survival and growth of retinal cells. Recent studies in this field have provided numerous experiments using different preclinical models. The aim of our review is to provide an overview of the therapeutic strategies, modern-day clinical trials, experimental models, and potential clinical use of this fascinating class of cells in addressing retinal disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Finocchio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (L.F.)
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (L.F.)
| | - Andrea Gabai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (L.F.)
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (L.F.)
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Liu W, Hao M, Xu Y, Ren X, Hu J, Wang L, Chen X, Lv Q. Exploration of eMSCs with HA-GEL system in repairing damaged endometrium after endometrial cancer with fertility-sparing treatment. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:379-392. [PMID: 37759141 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high complete response rate of fertility-sparing treatment in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), the low pregnancy rate is a clinical challenge. Whether endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) can repair damaged endometrium after EC reversal remains unclear. This study explored the potential therapeutic effects of eMSCs with suitable scaffold materials on endometrial damage caused by EC. Here, appropriate engineering scaffold materials were compared to identify the most suitable materials to carry eMSCs. Then, safety and efficacy evaluations of eMSCs with a suitable hyaluronic acid hydrogel (eMSCs/HA-GEL) were investigated in in vivo experiments with subcutaneous xenotransplantation in Balb/C nude mice and a model of endometrial mechanical injury in rats. HA-GEL has minimal cytotoxicity to eMSCs compared to other materials. Then, in vitro experiments demonstrate that eMSCs/HA-GEL enhance the inhibitory effects of progestins on EC cell biological behaviors. eMSCs/HA-GEL significantly inhibit EC cell growth and have no potential safety hazards of spontaneous tumorigenesis in Balb/C nude mouse subcutaneous xenotransplantation assays. eMSCs/HA-GEL intrauterine transplantation effectively increases endometrial thickness and glandular number, improves endometrial blood supply, reduces fibrotic areas, and improves pregnancy rates in a rat endometrial mechanical injury model. GFP-eMSCs/HA-GEL intrauterine transplantation in rats shows more GFP-eMSCs in the endometrium than GFP-eMSCs transplantation alone, and no tumor formation or suspicious cell nodules are found in the liver, kidney, or lung tissues. Our results reveal the safety and efficacy of eMSCs/HA-GEL in animal models and provide preliminary evidence for the use of eMSCs/HA-GEL as a treatment for EC-related endometrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxin Hao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Ren
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiaoying Lv
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Møller-Hansen M. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in aqueous deficient dry eye disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2023; 101 Suppl 277:3-27. [PMID: 37840443 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by ocular dryness, irritation and blurred vision and has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. This condition can be particularly severe in patients with aqueous deficient dry eye disease (ADDE) due to Sjögren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disease that affects the lacrimal and salivary glands. Current treatments for ADDE are often limited to symptomatic relief. A literature review was conducted to explore the current surgical interventions used or tested in humans with ADDE (I). These interventions include procedures involving the eyelids and tear ducts, transplantation of amniotic membrane or salivary glands, injections around the tear ducts and cell-based injections into the lacrimal gland (LG). Each treatment has its advantages and disadvantages; however, treating dry eyes in patients with SS presents a particular challenge due to the systemic nature of the disease. Moreover, there is a need for new therapeutic options. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stem cell that have shown promise in regenerating damaged tissue and reducing inflammation in various diseases. Previous studies in animal models have suggested that MSCs could be effective in treating ADDE. Thus, this thesis aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of injecting MSCs into the LG as a treatment option for patients with ADDE secondary to SS. The study also aims to see this treatment in light of existing and novel investigational treatment options. The clinical studies conducted for this thesis are the first of their kind in humans. MSCs derived from healthy donors' adipose tissue (ASCs) were cultured in a laboratory, frozen and thawed ready for use. In the safety study, we performed the first human trial involving the administration of a single injection of ASCs into the LG of one eye in seven patients suffering from severe ADDE (II). The primary objective was to test the safety of this treatment, while the secondary objective was to assess improvements in subjective and objective signs of dry eye. The results of the trial showed no serious side effects within 4 months of follow-up after treatment. On average, there was a 40% reduction in dry eye symptoms assessed with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Additionally, in the treated eye, there was a significant decrease in tear osmolarity, an increase in tear film stability and an increase in tear production. To further investigate the efficacy of this treatment, our research group performed a clinical, randomized study aiming to compare the ASC injection into the LG with the injection of a vehicle (the excipient in which the ASCs are dissolved) and observation (no intervention) (III). The study involved 20 subjects receiving ASC injection, 20 subjects receiving vehicle injection and 14 patients being observed without intervention. The subjects were examined to assess the outcomes with a 12-month follow-up after treatment. Both intervention groups showed a significant reduction in subjective dry eye symptoms of approximately 40%. This improvement was evident at the 1-week follow-up and persisted until the 12-month follow-up. The observation group did not experience any change in OSDI score. The ASCs group exhibited a significant mean increase in non-invasive tear break-up time (NIKBUT) of 6.48 s (149%) at the four-week follow-up, which was significantly higher than that in the vehicle group (p = 0.04). Moreover, the ASCs group showed a significant increase in NIKBUT compared to that in the observation group at the 12-month follow-up (p = 0.004). In both the ASCs and vehicle group, a significant increase in Schirmer test scores at the 4-month follow-up and the 12-month follow-up was observed. In conclusion, this thesis contributes valuable findings with a new treatment option for patients with dry eye disease. Injection of ASCs into the LG was shown to be safe and to improve subjective dry eye symptoms and specifically the tear film stability in patients with ADDE due to SS. Compared to other treatment modalities of ADDE, this treatment has greater potential, as ASCs could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic option for managing DED of other causes as well. RESUMÉ (DANISH SUMMARY): Tørre øjne, karakteriseret ved tørhedsfornemmelse og irritation af øjnene samt sløret syn, har en betydelig indvirkning på patientens livskvalitet. Denne tilstand kan vaere saerligt alvorlig hos patienter med nedsat tåreproduktion (ADDE) som følge af Sjögrens syndrom (SS), en autoimmun sygdom, der påvirker tårekirtlerne og spytkirtlerne. Nuvaerende behandlinger for ADDE er ofte begraenset til symptomlindring. Vi gennemførte en litteraturgennemgang for at undersøge, hvilke nuvaerende kirurgiske behandlingsmetoder, der anvendes eller testes hos patienter med ADDE (I). Disse interventioner inkluderer procedurer, der involverer øjenlåg og tårekanaler, transplantation af amnionhinde eller spytkirtler, injektioner omkring tårekanalerne samt cellebaserede injektioner i tårekirtlen. Hver behandling har sine fordele og ulemper, men behandling af tørre øjne hos patienter med SS udgør en saerlig udfordring på grund af sygdommens systemiske udbredning, og der er behov for nye behandlingsmuligheder. Mesenkymale stamceller (MSCs) er en type stamcelle, der har vist lovende resultater med hensyn til at regenerere beskadiget vaev og reducere inflammation i forskellige sygdomme. Tidligere undersøgelser i dyremodeller har indikeret, at MSCs kan vaere en effektiv behandling af ADDE. Denne afhandling har til formål at undersøge sikkerheden og effekten af injektion af MSCs i tårekirtlen som en mulig behandling til patienter med ADDE som følge af SS. Afhandlingen sigter også mod at sammenligne denne behandling med andre eksisterende, kirurgiske behandlingsmuligheder af ADDE. Som led i dette projekt udførte vi de første kliniske forsøg af sin art i mennesker. MSCs fra raske donorers fedtvaev (ASCs) blev dyrket i et laboratorium, frosset ned og er optøet klar til brug. Det første mål var at teste sikkerheden ved denne behandling og sekundaert at undersøge behandlingens effekt. For at undersøge dette modtog syv forsøgspersoner med svaer ADDE én injektion med ASCs i tårekirtlen på det ene øje (II). Resultaterne af forsøget viste ingen alvorlige bivirkninger inden for fire måneders opfølgning efter behandlingen. I gennemsnit fandt vi yderligere en 40% reduktion i symptomer på tørre øjne vurderet med et spørgeskema, og en markant stigning i tåreproduktionen og af tårefilmens stabilitet i det behandlede øje. For yderligere at undersøge effekten af denne behandling udførte vi et klinisk, randomiseret forsøg med det formål at sammenligne injektion af ASCs i tårekirtlen med injektion af en kontrolopløsning (vaesken, hvor stamcellerne var opløst) og observation (ingen intervention) (III). Studiet omfattede 20 forsøgspersoner, der modtog ASC-injektion, 20 forsøgspersoner, der modtog injektion af kontrolopløsningen, og 14 forsøgspersoner i observationsgruppen. Forsøgspersonerne blev undersøgt med en opfølgningstid på 12 måneder efter behandling. Begge interventionsgrupper viste en betydelig reduktion på ca. 40% i subjektive symptomer på tørre øjne. Denne forbedring var betydelig allerede ved opfølgning efter en uge og varede ved 12 måneder efter behandling. Observationsgruppen oplevede ingen betydelig aendring i symptomer. ASCs gruppen viste desuden en signifikant stigning i tårefilmsstabiliteten (NIKBUT) på 6,48 sekunder (149%) ved opfølgning efter fire uger, hvilket var markant højere end efter injektion af kontrolopløsning (p = 0,04). Desuden viste ASCs gruppen en betydelig stigning i NIKBUT sammenlignet med observationsgruppen ved opfølgning efter 12 måneder (p = 0,004). Både injektion af ASCs og kontrolopløsning medførte en betydelig stigning i tåreproduktionen ved opfølgning fire måneder og 12 måneder efter behandling. Denne afhandling bidrager med vigtige resultater inden for en ny behandlingsmulighed af tørre øjne. Injektion af ASCs i tårekirtlen viste sig at vaere sikker, forbedrede subjektive symptomer på tørre øjne og øgede saerligt tårfilmens stabilitet hos patienter med ADDE på grund af SS. Sammenlignet med andre behandlingsmuligheder for ADDE har denne behandling vist et stort potentiale. ASCs kan muligvis også bruges som en anti-inflammatorisk behandling af tørre øjne af andre årsager i fremtiden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Møller-Hansen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Oh JY. Tailoring MSCs with modified mRNA for the eye. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2302-2303. [PMID: 37467747 PMCID: PMC10422010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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10
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Ko JH, Oh JY. Mesenchymal stromal cells regulate THP-1-differentiated macrophage cytokine production by activating Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:858-865. [PMID: 37125989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in macrophages converges inflammatory and metabolic signals from multiple receptors to regulate a cell's survival, metabolism and activation. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are well known to modulate macrophage activation, the effects of MSCs on the Akt/mTOR pathway in macrophages have not been elucidated. METHODS We herein investigated whether MSCs affect the Akt/mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway to regulate macrophage polarization. RESULTS Results showed that human bone marrow-derived MSCs induced activation of Akt and its downstream mTORC1 signaling in THP-1-differentiated macrophages in a p62/sequestosome 1-independent manner. Inhibition of Akt or mTORC1 attenuated the effects of MSCs on the suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12 production and the promotion of interleukin-10 and tumor growth factor-β1 in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide/ATP. Conversely, activation of Akt or mTORC1 reproduced and potentiated MSC effects on macrophage cytokine production. MSCs with cyclooxygenase-2 knockdown, however, failed to activate the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in macrophages and were less effective in the modulation of macrophage cytokine production than control MSCs. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that MSCs control THP-1-differentiated macrophage activation at least partly through upregulation of the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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11
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Zheng X, Wang W, Chen S, Zuo B, Li J. Transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells are unable to migrate to the bone surface and subsequently improve osteogenesis in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:472-482. [PMID: 36863932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Long-term or high-dose use of glucocorticoids causes bone loss and low bone formation. We previously demonstrated that dexamethasone (Dex) administration caused the shifted differentiation balance of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to favor adipogenic lineage over osteoblastic lineage, which is one of the key mechanisms for Dex-induced osteoporosis (DIO). These findings indicate that supplementing functional allogeneic MSCs could be a therapeutic strategy for DIO. Here, we found that transplanting MSCs by intramedullary injection had little effect in promoting new bone formation. Fluorescent-labeled lineage tracing revealed that 1 week after transplantation, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MSCs were found to migrate to the bone surface (BS) in control mice but not in DIO mice. As expected, GFP-MSCs on the BS were mostly Runx2-positive; however, GFP-MSCs located away from the BS failed to differentiate into osteoblasts. We further discovered that the levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), one of the main chemokines for MSC migration, is significantly decreased in the bone marrow fluid of DIO mice, which is insufficient to direct MSC migration. Mechanistically, Dex inhibits TGF-β1 expression by down-regulating its promoter activity, which decreases bone matrix-deposited TGF-β1 as well as active TGF-β1 released during osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. This study indicates that blocking MSC migration in osteoporotic BM contributes to bone loss and suggests that MSC mobilization to the BS may be a promising target for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wanyuji Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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12
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Dendritic Cell Functions in Dry Eye Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010033. [PMID: 36611828 PMCID: PMC9818747 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the therapeutic efficacy of Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) and its inhibition of the functions of dendritic cells (DCs) in dry eye disease (DED). MSC-EVs were isolated from the culture supernatants of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and characterized. In vitro, human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were cultured in hyperosmotic medium to simulate the DED hyperosmotic environment and treated with MSC-EVs. Cell viability was assessed, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines was quantified. Next, we induced DED in female C57BL/6 mice and divided the mice into groups treated with either MSC-EVs or phosphate buffer solution (PBS) eye drops. Disease severity was assessed; mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by RT-PCR; and Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Lastly, we evaluated DCs by immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis to assess its amounts and maturation. MSC-EVs showed protective effects on HCECs under hyperosmotic stress in vitro, suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In vivo, mice topically treated with MSC-Evs presented reduced DED disease severity compared to PBS-treated mice. MSC-Evs downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as well as the frequency of Th17 cells. Further investigation showed that MSC-EVs suppressed the increase of amounts and the maturation of DCs in DED. Changes of morphological characters of DCs were also inhibited by MSC-EVs. Our study revealed that MSC-EVs suppressed ocular surface inflammation by inhibiting DCs activation-mediated Th17 immune responses, explicating the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs in DED and other ocular surface diseases.
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13
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Jiang Y, Lin S, Gao Y. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapy for Dry Eye: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221133818. [PMID: 36398793 PMCID: PMC9679336 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221133818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is one of the most common chronic diseases in ophthalmology. It affects quality of life and has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored. The current treatment methods mainly include artificial tear replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy, and local immunosuppressive therapy. These treatments are mainly limited to improvement of ocular surface discomfort and other symptoms. In recent years, regenerative medicine has developed rapidly, and ophthalmologists are working on new methods to treat dry eye. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory, tissue repair, and immune regulatory effects, and have become a promising tool for the treatment of dry eye. These effects can also be produced by MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos). As a cell-free therapy, MSC-Exos are hypoimmunogenic, serve more stable entities, and compared with MSCs, reduce the safety risks associated with the injection of live cells. This article reviews current knowledge about MSCs and MSC-Exos, and highlights the latest progress and future prospects of MSC-based therapy in dry eye treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Yingying Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China,Yingying Gao, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.
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14
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Corneal Regeneration Using Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162549. [PMID: 36010626 PMCID: PMC9406486 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells are a subtype of mesenchymal stem cell that offers the important advantage of being easily obtained (in an autologous manner) from low invasive procedures, rendering a high number of multipotent stem cells with the potential to differentiate into several cellular lineages, to show immunomodulatory properties, and to promote tissue regeneration by a paracrine action through the secretion of extracellular vesicles containing trophic factors. This secretome is currently being investigated as a potential source for a cell-free based regenerative therapy for human tissues, which would significantly reduce the involved costs, risks and law regulations, allowing for a broader application in real clinical practice. In the current article, we will review the existing preclinical and human clinical evidence regarding the use of such adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the regeneration of the three main layers of the human cornea: the epithelium (derived from the surface ectoderm), the stroma (derived from the neural crest mesenchyme), and the endothelium (derived from the neural crest cells).
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15
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Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes Derived from Adipose Tissue-Sourced Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Neural and Retinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094487. [PMID: 35562878 PMCID: PMC9105552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic agents that are able to prevent or attenuate inflammation and ischemia-induced injury of neural and retinal cells could be used for the treatment of neural and retinal diseases. Exosomes derived from adipose tissue-sourced mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSC-Exos) are extracellular vesicles that contain neurotrophins, immunoregulatory and angio-modulatory factors secreted by their parental cells. AT-MSC-Exos are enriched with bioactive molecules (microRNAs (miRNAs), enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, immunoregulatory, trophic, and growth factors), that alleviate inflammation and promote the survival of injured cells in neural and retinal tissues. Due to the nano-sized dimension and bilayer lipid envelope, AT-MSC-Exos easily bypass blood–brain and blood–retinal barriers and deliver their cargo directly into the target cells. Accordingly, a large number of experimental studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of AT-MSC-Exos in the treatment of neural and retinal diseases. By delivering neurotrophins, AT-MSC-Exos prevent apoptosis of injured neurons and retinal cells and promote neuritogenesis. AT-MSC-Exos alleviate inflammation in the injured brain, spinal cord, and retinas by delivering immunoregulatory factors in immune cells, suppressing their inflammatory properties. AT-MSC-Exos may act as biological mediators that deliver pro-angiogenic miRNAs in endothelial cells, enabling re-vascularization of ischemic neural and retinal tissues. Herewith, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms which were responsible for the beneficial effects of AT-MSC-Exos in the treatment of neural and retinal diseases, emphasizing their therapeutic potential in neurology and ophthalmology.
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Li Y, Ren X, Zhang Z, Duan Y, Li H, Chen S, Shao H, Li X, Zhang X. Effect of small extracellular vesicles derived from IL-10-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells on experimental autoimmune uveitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:100. [PMID: 35255957 PMCID: PMC8900327 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammation mainly caused by immune dysregulation. The development of safe and effective therapeutic approaches is urgently needed. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to inhibit autoimmune responses; however, the immunosuppressive effect of MSC-sEVs is too weak for clinical transfer. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of IL-10-overexpressing MSC-sEVs (sEV-IL10) on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and studied the underlying mechanism. METHODS Mice were randomly grouped and received a single tail vein injection of different sEVs (50 μg) or PBS on day 11 post-immunization. The clinical and histological scores were graded, and the percentage of T helper cell was measured. To investigate the effect of sEVs on the proliferation of T-cells and the differentiation of Th1, Th17 and Treg cells, T-cells were cocultured with sEVs under the corresponding culture conditions. After labeled with PKH-26, sEVs were traced both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Compared with normal or vector sEV-treated groups, mice in the sEV-IL10-treated group had lower clinical and histological scores with lower percentages of Th1 and Th17 cells in the eyes and higher percentages of Treg cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes (LN). Furthermore, sEV-IL10 enhanced the suppressive effect of MSC-sEVs on the proliferation of T-cells and differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, whereas upregulated the differentiation of Treg cells. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that MSC-sEVs were rapidly enriched in target tissues and internalized by T-cells. CONCLUSION These results suggested that sEV-IL10 effectively ameliorates EAU by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of T-cells, indicating sEVs as a potential novel therapy for autoimmune uveitis or other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinjun Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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The link module of human TSG-6 (Link_TSG6) promotes wound healing, suppresses inflammation and improves glandular function in mouse models of Dry Eye Disease. Ocul Surf 2021; 24:40-50. [PMID: 34968766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the potential of the Link_TSG6 polypeptide comprising the Link module of human TSG-6 (TNF-stimulated gene/protein-6) as a novel treatment for dry eye disease (DED). METHODS We analyzed the therapeutic effects of topical application of Link_TSG6 in two murine models of DED, the NOD.B10.H2b mouse model and the desiccating stress model. The effects of Link_TSG6 on the ocular surface and DED were compared with those of full-length TSG-6 (FL_TSG6) and of 0.05% cyclosporine (Restasis®). Additionally, the direct effect of Link_TSG6 on wound healing of the corneal epithelium was evaluated in a mouse model of corneal epithelial debridement. RESULTS Topical Link_TSG6 administration dose-dependently reduced corneal epithelial defects in DED mice while increasing tear production and conjunctival goblet cell density. At the highest dose, no corneal lesions remained in ∼50% of eyes treated. Also, Link_TSG6 significantly suppressed the levels of inflammatory cytokines at the ocular surface and inhibited the infiltration of T cells in the lacrimal glands and draining lymph nodes. Link_TSG6 was more effective in decreasing corneal epithelial defects than an equimolar concentration of FL_TSG6. Link_TSG6 was significantly more potent than Restasis® at ameliorating clinical signs and reducing inflammation. Link_TSG6 markedly and rapidly facilitated epithelial healing in mice with corneal epithelial debridement wounds. CONCLUSION Link_TSG6 holds promise as a novel therapeutic agent for DED through its effects on the promotion of corneal epithelial healing and tear secretion, the preservation of conjunctival goblet cells and the suppression of inflammation.
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