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Ivanov G, Klement E, Gelman B, Elnekave E, Karniely S. Foot and mouth disease viruses are recurrently introduced to Israel and spread by extensively reared sheep and cattle: Insights from a whole-genome sequence analysis. Virology 2024; 590:109950. [PMID: 38104361 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite routine vaccination, Israel experiences recurrent outbreaks of foot and mouth disease (FMD). We analyzed VP1 coding sequences of viruses isolated during FMD outbreaks from 2001 to 2011 in Israel and neighboring nations. The Israeli strains were aligned with strains from neighboring countries in corresponding years, implying repeated FMD virus incursions. In 2007 a large FMD epidemic, caused by a serotype O virus, occurred in Israel. Bayesian analysis of whole-genome sequences of viruses isolated during this epidemic revealed predominant transmission among extensively farmed beef-cattle and small ruminants. Small ruminants were key in spreading to beef-cattle, which then transmitted the virus to feedlot-cattle. Wild gazelles had a minor role in transmission. The results may suggest probable transmission of FMD virus from the Palestinian Authority to Israel. Targeting extensive farms via enhanced surveillance and vaccination could improve FMDV control. Given cross-border transmission, a collaborative FMD mitigation strategy across the Middle-East is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Ivanov
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Eyal Klement
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Boris Gelman
- Department of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Ehud Elnekave
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Sharon Karniely
- Department of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel.
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Outbreak investigation and identification of risk factors associated with the occurrence of foot and mouth disease in Punjab, Pakistan. Prev Vet Med 2022; 202:105613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Udahemuka JC, Aboge GO, Obiero GO, Lebea PJ, Onono JO, Paone M. Risk factors for the incursion, spread and persistence of the foot and mouth disease virus in Eastern Rwanda. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:387. [PMID: 33046049 PMCID: PMC7552508 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of risk factors is crucial in Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control especially in endemic countries. In Rwanda, almost all outbreaks of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) have started in Eastern Rwanda. Identifying the risk factors in this area will support government control efforts. This study was carried out to identify and map different risk factors for the incursion, spread and persistence of FMDV in Eastern Rwanda. Questionnaires were administered during farm visits to establish risk factors for FMD outbreaks. Descriptive statistical measures were determined and odds ratios were calculated to determine the effects of risk factors on the occurrence of FMD. Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) was used to produce thematic maps on the proportion of putative risk factors for FMD per village. RESULTS Based on farmers' perceptions, 85.31% (with p < 0.01) experienced more outbreaks during the major dry season, a finding consistent with other reports in other parts of the world. Univariate analysis revealed that mixed farming (OR = 1.501, p = 0.163, CI = 95%), and natural breeding method (OR = 1.626; p = 0.21, CI = 95%) were associated with the occurrence of FMD indicating that the two risk factors could be responsible for FMD outbreaks in the farms. The occurrence of FMD in the farms was found to be significantly associated with lack of vaccination of calves younger than 12 months in herds (OR = 0.707; p = 0.046, CI = 95%). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe risk factors for persistence of FMDV in livestock systems in Rwanda. However, further studies are required to understand the role of transboundary animal movements and genotypic profiles of circulating FMDV in farming systems in Rwanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Udahemuka
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda, P.O. Box 57, Nyagatare, Rwanda.
| | - Gabriel Oluga Aboge
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George Ogello Obiero
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Joshua Orungo Onono
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Massimo Paone
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome, Italy
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Chowdhury MSR, Ahsan MI, Khan MJ, Rahman MM, Hossain MM, Harun-Al-Rashid A, Ahmed SSU, Uddin MB. Data on prevalence, distribution and risk factors for Foot and Mouth Disease in grazing cattle in haor areas of Bangladesh. Data Brief 2019; 28:104843. [PMID: 31956666 PMCID: PMC6962694 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and devastating viral disease among all cloven-footed animals. In Bangladesh, the disease is endemic, with outbreaks occurring throughout the year in the haor regions. Thus, the FMD outbreaks impact livelihoods in the haor area and are of great concern. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors for clinical FMD in some selected areas of haor in Sylhet division of Bangladesh. We examined 1,388 cattle, of which 343 were clinically affected with FMD (prevalence 24.71%, CI95% = 22.44 - 26.98) during the period from July 2017 through June 2018. Though production loss was observed, no mortality was recorded in the infected animals. The data article shows the spatial distribution of FMD prevalence. The temporal pattern indicates a higher number of FMD cases in June (47.01%, CI95% = 38.97 - 55.07). The gender was found associated (OR = 2.98; p < 0.001) with the potential risk of FMD occurrence through univariate analysis. Besides, indigenous breeds of cattle (OR = 2.83; p < 0.001) are found to be more susceptible to FMD compared to exotic and crossbreeds. The risk factors identified in this article will serve as a baseline for the development of risk based FMD control program in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Irtija Ahsan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Khan
- Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Sulla, Sunamganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahfujur Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mukter Hossain
- Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Harun-Al-Rashid
- Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
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Nyaguthii DM, Armson B, Kitala PM, Sanz-Bernardo B, Di Nardo A, Lyons NA. Knowledge and risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease among small-scale dairy farmers in an endemic setting. Vet Res 2019; 50:33. [PMID: 31088554 PMCID: PMC6518695 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection of cloven-hoofed animals. In Kenya, the disease is endemic with outbreaks typically occurring throughout the year. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Nakuru County to investigate farmer knowledge and risk factors for clinical disease. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on 220 smallholder farmers, selected using random spatial sampling. The majority of respondents (207/220 [94.1%]) knew of FMD and 166/207 (80.2%) of them could correctly identify the disease based on their knowledge of the clinical signs. Forty-five out of 220 farmers (20.4%) vaccinated their livestock against FMD in the previous 6 months, although of those who knew of FMD only 96/207 (46.4%) perceived it as a preventive measure undertaken to reduce the risk of disease in their farm. FMD had occurred in 5.9% of the surveyed farms within the previous 6 months (from May to November 2016). Using multivariate analysis, the use of a shared bull (OR = 9.7; p = 0.014) and the number of sheep owned (for each additional sheep owned OR = 1.1; p = 0.066) were associated with an increased likelihood of a farm experiencing a case of FMD in the previous 6 months, although the evidence for the latter was weak. This study reports risk factors associated with clinical FMD at the farm level in a densely populated smallholder farming area of Kenya. These results can be used to inform the development of risk-based strategic plans for FMD control and as a baseline for evaluating interventions and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Machira Nyaguthii
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, 00625, Kangemi, Kenya. .,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya.
| | - Bryony Armson
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.,Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Philip Mwanzia Kitala
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, 00625, Kangemi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Nicholas Anthony Lyons
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.,European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome, Italy
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Souley Kouato B, De Clercq K, Abatih E, Dal Pozzo F, King DP, Thys E, Marichatou H, Saegerman C. Review of epidemiological risk models for foot-and-mouth disease: Implications for prevention strategies with a focus on Africa. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208296. [PMID: 30543641 PMCID: PMC6292601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious transboundary disease that affects domestic and wild cloven-hoofed animal species. The aim of this review was to identify and critically assess some modelling techniques for FMD that are well supported by scientific evidence from the literature with a focus on their use in African countries where the disease remains enzootic. In particular, this study attempted to provide a synopsis of the relative strengths and weaknesses of these models and their relevance to FMD prevention policies. A literature search was conducted to identify quantitative and qualitative risk assessments for FMD, including studies that describe FMD risk factor modelling and spatiotemporal analysis. A description of retrieved papers and a critical assessment of the modelling methods, main findings and their limitations were performed. Different types of models have been used depending on the purpose of the study and the nature of available data. The most frequently identified factors associated with the risk of FMD occurrence were the movement (especially uncontrolled animal movement) and the mixing of animals around water and grazing points. Based on the qualitative and quantitative risk assessment studies, the critical pathway analysis showed that the overall risk of FMDV entering a given country is low. However, in some cases, this risk can be elevated, especially when illegal importation of meat and the movement of terrestrial livestock are involved. Depending on the approach used, these studies highlight shortcomings associated with the application of models and the lack of reliable data from endemic settings. Therefore, the development and application of specific models for use in FMD endemic countries including Africa is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bachir Souley Kouato
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niamey, Niger
| | - Kris De Clercq
- Operational Directorate Viral Diseases, Unit Vesicular and Exotic Diseases, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA-CERVA), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Abatih
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Sciences and Statistics, University of Gent, Krijgslaan Gent, Belgium
| | - Fabiana Dal Pozzo
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Donald P. King
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Thys
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hamani Marichatou
- Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Faculté d'Agronomie, Niamey, Niger
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Ilbeigi K, Bokaie S, Aghasharif S, Soares Magalhães RJ, Rashtibaf M. Risk factors for recurrence of FMD outbreaks in Iran: a case-control study in a highly endemic area. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:253. [PMID: 30157846 PMCID: PMC6114044 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals with high economic impact. FMD remains endemic in Iran particularly in the livestock-dense province of Khorasan Razavi in northeastern Iran where FMD outbreaks continuously occur. In this study, we aimed to quantify risk factors for the recurrence of FMD outbreaks in Iran by analyzing a time-series of FMD outbreak data from the province of Khorasan Razavi. RESULTS This study used FMD outbreak data collected from 2012 to 2014. Data were collected by local offices of the Iranian Animal Disease Department and the veterinarian of the veterinary council of the Khorasan Razavi province. An outbreak investigation questionnaire was delivered to 127 farms, including 46 case farms (FMD-infected) and 81 control farms (FMD-free). To quantify and compare the odds of exposure to a risk factor in FMD-infected farms versus FMD-free farms, logistic regression models were built using SPSS software version 16. Our results of multivariable logistic regression indicate that hygienic status of the farm (OR = 11.83; CI = 3.38-41.43), FMD vaccination status (OR = 0.06; CI = 0.01-0.68), transportation of livestock (OR = 0.40; CI = 0.163-0.981) and inhibition of livestock dealers' entry into the farm (OR = 0.36; CI = 0.12-1.09) were identified as important risk factors for farm-level FMD infection. CONCLUSION This study generated much needed evidence on a set of modifiable risk factors for the recurrence of FMD outbreaks in the high risk province of Khorasan Razavi. This information can be used to improve existing national FMD control program and suggest new guidelines to prevent FMD outbreaks in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayhan Ilbeigi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Garmsar, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Saied Bokaie
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Aghasharif
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Garmsar, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Ricardo J. Soares Magalhães
- UQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
- Children’s Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mohamad Rashtibaf
- Iranian Veterinary Organization, Provincial Department of Surveillance and Disease Control, Khorasan Razavi, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Du X, Zhou J. Application of biosensors to detection of epidemic diseases in animals. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:444-448. [PMID: 29730246 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemic diseases are the leading cause of animal mortality, resulting in significant losses to the agricultural economy. These economic impacts have generated a strong interest in advancing methods for the diagnosis and control of epidemic diseases in animals. Conventional methods are often time-consuming (typically result is available in 2-10 days), expensive, and require both large-scale equipment and experienced personnel. However, the advent of biosensor technology has ushered in a new and promising approach for the diagnosis of animal diseases. With advantages that include simplicity, real -time analysis, high sensitivity, miniaturization, rapid detection time, and low cost, biosensor technologies are under active development for the diagnosis of epidemic diseases in animals. Here, we summarize recent developments in biological sensing technologies used to detect infectious viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases. Additionally, we discuss research challenges and future prospects for this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China..
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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Souley Kouato B, Thys E, Renault V, Abatih E, Marichatou H, Issa S, Saegerman C. Spatio-temporal patterns of foot-and-mouth disease transmission in cattle between 2007 and 2015 and quantitative assessment of the economic impact of the disease in Niger. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1049-1066. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Souley Kouato
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg); Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN); Niamey Niger
| | - E. Thys
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Institute of Tropical Medicine; Antwerp Belgium
| | - V. Renault
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg); Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
| | - E. Abatih
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics; Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - H. Marichatou
- Faculté d'Agronomie; Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey; Niamey Niger
| | - S. Issa
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN); Niamey Niger
| | - C. Saegerman
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg); Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH) Centre; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
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Çokçalışkan C, Türkoğlu T, Uzunlu E, Sareyyüpoğlu B, Hancı İ, İpek A, Arslan A, Babak A, İldeniz G, Gülyaz V. Influence of vaccine potency and booster administration of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines on the antibody response in calves with maternal antibodies. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:315-322. [PMID: 28859271 PMCID: PMC5583419 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.s1.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most important viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals. Mass vaccination is an effective method to control the disease and is frequently utilized in endemic regions. Sufficient protection of young animals is important in mass vaccination campaigns. Maternal antibodies negatively affect the success of vaccination. Hence, determination of the optimal vaccination age is crucial for the uninterrupted protection of young animals. This study was performed to identify the effect of vaccine potency and booster administration on serum neutralizing antibody titers of calves with different levels of maternal antibodies. Calves (n = 111) on a state farm were used in this study. Oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccines with 3 PD50 and 6 PD50 potencies were used with or without booster administration. Serum samples were collected each month up to day 120 postvaccination. Virus neutralization tests were used to measure the serum neutralizing antibody titers and estimate the protection period by using pre-determined cut-off values for protection. The results revealed that a vaccination with a 6 PD50 potency vaccine, preferably followed by a booster dose, should be used to overcome maternal immunity for incessant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Çokçalışkan
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Tunçer Türkoğlu
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ergün Uzunlu
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | | | - İbrahim Hancı
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ahmet İpek
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Arslan
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ayca Babak
- Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Gülnur İldeniz
- Directorate-General for State Farms, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Veli Gülyaz
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
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The long term effect of age and maternally derived antibodies against foot and mouth disease on the serological response following vaccination in young dairy calves. Vaccine 2016; 34:4927-4934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Prevalence and risk factors for foot and mouth disease infection in cattle in Israel. Prev Vet Med 2016; 130:51-9. [PMID: 27435646 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease with major economic consequences. In Israel, FMD epidemics recur almost every year and mostly affect cattle. The highest number of outbreaks occurs among beef cattle farms, followed by feedlot farms and dairy farms. We performed several cross-sectional serological studies in Israel during 2006-2014, aimed to reveal if the virus is endemic among cattle and to determine the sero-prevalence of antibodies directed against non-structural proteins (NSP) of FMD virus. Additionally we aimed to determine the risk factors for such sero-positivity. A risk based sampling was performed and the presence of anti-NSP antibodies was estimated using the PrioCHECK(®) ELISA kit. Beef cattle showed the highest sero-prevalence (13.2%, CI95%=10.8-15.8%). Higher FMD sero-prevalence in beef cattle sampled in 2014 was associated with previous FMD outbreaks in the farm and with age (adult cows versus calves (p<0.05)). Sero-prevalence in feedlot calves was significantly lower with only one sero-positive calf out of 256 (0.4%, CI95%=0-2.2%). Sero-prevalence among dairy cattle was 2.7% (CI95%=2-3.6%) with location of up to 3km from FMD outbreaks in multiple farms and location of up to 5km from the nearest border standing out as significant (p<0.05) risk factors for sero-positivity. The extremely low sero-prevalence of FMD in feedlot cattle and the significant association of infection in beef cattle with previous outbreaks suggest absence of virus circulation between these two populations during the study period, although previous data show that during outbreaks such transmission can occur. Low sero-prevalence in dairy cattle located in areas adjacent to previous FMD outbreaks may be attributed to intense routine vaccination and stringent control measures that were applied during outbreaks such as emergency vaccination and strict quarantine. Early detection of FMD outbreaks among grazing beef herds as well as the implementation of control measures among these farms are therefore the methods of choice to prevent future outbreaks in Israel.
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