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Hormigo D, López-Conejo MT, Serrano-Aguirre L, García-Martín A, Saborido A, de la Mata I, Arroyo M. Kinetically controlled acylation of 6-APA catalyzed by penicillin acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae: effect of reaction conditions in the enzymatic synthesis of penicillin V. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2019.1652274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hormigo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa López-Conejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Serrano-Aguirre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto García-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Saborido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel de la Mata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Enzyme Biotechnology Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Directed evolution of a penicillin V acylase from Bacillus sphaericus to improve its catalytic efficiency for 6-APA production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 119:65-70. [PMID: 30243389 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Penicillin acylase is commonly used to produce the medical intermediates of 6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and 7-Aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) in industrial process. Nowadays, Penicillin G acylase (PGA) has been widely applied for making pharmaceutical intermediates, while penicillin V acylase (PVA) has been less used for that due to its low activity and poor conversion. In this study, a PVA from Bacillus sphaericus (BspPVA) was employed for directed evolution study with hoping to increase its catalytic efficiency. Finally, a triple mutant BspPVA-3 (T63S/N198Y/S110C) was obtained with 12.4-fold specific activity and 11.3-fold catalytic efficiency higher than BspPVA-wt (wild type of BspPVA). Moreover, the conversion yields of 6-APA catalyzed by BspPVA-3 reached 98% with 20% (w/v) penicillin V as substrate, which was significantly higher than that of the BspPVA-wt (85%). Based on the analysis of modeling, the enhancement of specific activity of mutant BspPVA-3 was probably attributed to the changes in the number of hydrogen bonds within the molecules. The triple mutant PVA developed in this study has a potential for large-scale industrial application for 6-APA production.
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Philem PD, Sonalkar VV, Dharne MS, Prabhune AA. Purification and partial characterization of novel penicillin V acylase from Acinetobacter sp. AP24 isolated from Loktak Lake, an Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 46:524-30. [PMID: 26445220 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2015.1084636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Members of the bacterial genus Acinetobacter have attracted great attention over the past few decades, on account of their various biotechnological applications and clinical implications. In this study, we are reporting the first experimental penicillin V acylase (PVA) activity from this genus. Penicillin acylases are pharmaceutically important enzymes widely used in the synthesis of semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. The bacterium, identified as Acinetobacter sp. AP24, was isolated from the water of Loktak Lake (Manipur, India), an Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. PVA production was increased threefold in an optimized medium with 0.2% sodium glutamate and 1% glucose as nitrogen and carbon sources respectively, after 24 hr of fermentation at 28°C and pH 7.0 with shaking at 180 rpm. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by cation-exchange chromatography using SP-sepharose resin. The PVA is a homotetramer with subunit molecular mass of 34 kD. The enzyme was highly specific toward penicillin V with optimal hydrolytic activity at 40°C and pH 7.5. The enzyme was stable from pH 5.0 to 9.0 at 25 °C for 2 hr. The enzyme retained 75% activity after 1 hr of incubation at 40°C at pH 7.5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vidya V Sonalkar
- b NCIM Resource Centre , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | - Mahesh S Dharne
- b NCIM Resource Centre , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | - Asmita A Prabhune
- a Biochemical Sciences Division , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
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Deng S, Ma X, Sun M, Wei D, Su E. Efficient enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin using mutant Penicillin G acylase with bio-based solvent glycerol. CATAL COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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5
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Deng S, Ma X, Su E, Wei D. Efficient cascade synthesis of ampicillin from penicillin G potassium salt using wild and mutant penicillin G acylase from Alcaligenes faecalis. J Biotechnol 2016; 219:142-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Penicillin V acylase from Pectobacterium atrosepticum exhibits high specific activity and unique kinetics. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 79:1-7. [PMID: 25931393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Penicillin V acylases (PVAs, E.C.3.5.11) belong to the Ntn hydrolase super family of enzymes that catalyze the deacylation of the side chain from phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V). Penicillin acylases find use in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of semi-synthetic antibiotics. PVAs employ the N-terminal cysteine residue as catalytic nucleophile and are structurally and evolutionarily related to bile salt hydrolases (BSHs). Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a PVA enzyme from the Gram-negative plant pathogen, Pectobacterium atrosepticum (PaPVA). The enzyme was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli attaining a very high yield (250 mg/l) and a comparatively high specific activity (430 IU/mg). The enzyme showed marginally better pH and thermo-stability over PVAs characterized from Gram-positive bacteria. The enzyme also showed enhanced activity in presence of organic solvents and detergents. The enzyme kinetics turned out to be significantly different from that of previously reported PVAs, displaying positive cooperativity and substrate inhibition. The presence of bile salts had a modulating effect on PaPVA activity. Sequence analysis and characterization reveal the distinctive nature of these enzymes and underscore the need to study PVAs from Gram-negative bacteria.
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Avinash VS, Pundle AV, Ramasamy S, Suresh CG. Penicillin acylases revisited: importance beyond their industrial utility. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2014; 36:303-16. [PMID: 25430891 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.960359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It is of great importance to study the physiological roles of enzymes in nature; however, in some cases, it is not easily apparent. Penicillin acylases are pharmaceutically important enzymes that cleave the acyl side chains of penicillins, thus paving the way for production of newer semi-synthetic antibiotics. They are classified according to the type of penicillin (G or V) that they preferentially hydrolyze. Penicillin acylases are also used in the resolution of racemic mixtures and peptide synthesis. However, it is rather unfortunate that the focus on the use of penicillin acylases for industrial applications has stolen the spotlight from the study of the importance of these enzymes in natural metabolism. The penicillin acylases, so far characterized from different organisms, show differences in their structural nature and substrate spectrum. These enzymes are also closely related to the bacterial signalling phenomenon, quorum sensing, as detailed in this review. This review details studies on biochemical and structural characteristics of recently discovered penicillin acylases. We also attempt to organize the available insights into the possible in vivo role of penicillin acylases and related enzymes and emphasize the need to refocus research efforts in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vellore Sunder Avinash
- a Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | - Archana Vishnu Pundle
- a Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | - Sureshkumar Ramasamy
- a Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National , National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
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9
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Current state and perspectives of penicillin G acylase-based biocatalyses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:2867-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vellore Sunder A, Kumar A, Naik N, Pundle AV. Characterization of a new Bacillus cereus ATUAVP1846 strain producing penicillin V acylase, and optimization of fermentation parameters. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kumar A, Gowda NM, Gaikwad S, Pundle A. Rhodotorula aurantiaca penicillin V acylase: active site characterization and fluorometric studies. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 97:109-16. [PMID: 19819716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Penicillin V acylase (PVA), a member of newly evolved Ntn-hydrolase superfamily, is a pharmaceutically important enzyme to produce 6-aminopenicillanic acid. Active site characterization of recently purified monomeric PVA from Rhodotorula aurantiaca (Ra-PVA), the yeast source, showed the involvement of serine and tryptophan in the enzyme activity. Modification of the protein with serine and tryptophan specific reagents such as PMSF and NBS showed partial loss of PVA activity and substrate protection. Ra-PVA was found to be a multi-tryptophan protein exhibiting one tryptophan, in native and, four in its denatured condition. Various solute quenchers and substrate were used to probe the microenvironment of the putative reactive tryptophan through fluorescence quenching. The results obtained indicate that the tryptophan residues of Ra-PVA were largely buried in hydrophobic core of the protein matrix. Quenching of the fluorescence by acrylamide was collisional. Acrylamide was the most effective quencher amongst all the used quenchers, which quenched 71.6% of the total intrinsic fluorescence of the protein, at a very less final concentration of 0.1M. Surface tryptophan residues were found to have predominantly more electropositively charged amino acids around them, however differentially accessible for ionic quenchers. Denaturation led to shift in lambda(max) from 336, in native state, to 357 nm and more exposed to the solvent, consequently increase in fluorescence quenching with all quenchers. This is an attempt towards the conformational studies of Ra-PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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