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Ali SS, Mustafa AM, Kornaros M, Sun J, Khalil M, El-Shetehy M. Biodegradation of creosote-treated wood by two novel constructed microbial consortia for the enhancement of methane production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124544. [PMID: 33360721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biodegradation is limited because of its recalcitrant structure particularly when polluted by toxic and carcinogenic compounds such as creosote oil (CRO). As far as we know, this might be the first report that explores the biodegradation of creosote treated wood (CTW) to serve biomethane production. Two novel CTW-degrading microbial consortia, designated as CTW-1 and CTW-2, were screened and constructed to enhance methane production from CRO-treated pine sawdust. After 12 days of biological pretreatment by CTW-1 and CTW-2, a significant reduction in lignocellulosic content of CTW was recorded; estimated as 49 and 43%, respectively. More than 64 and 91% of cumulative biogas and methane yields were obtained from biodegraded CTW over control. Ecotoxicity of treated and untreated CTW was compared by Microtox test. The biodegraded CTW hydrolysates showed a toxicity decrease of more than 80%, suggesting the promising role of constructed microbial consortia for biofuel production and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Samir Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mustafa
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resourses Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504 Patras, Greece; INVALOR: Research Infrastructure for Waste Valorization and Sustainable Management, University Campus, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Maha Khalil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shetehy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Ali SS, Mustafa AM, Kornaros M, Manni A, Sun J, Khalil MA. Construction of novel microbial consortia CS-5 and BC-4 valued for the degradation of catalpa sawdust and chlorophenols simultaneously with enhancing methane production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122720. [PMID: 31945685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study might be the first to explore the novel constructed microbial consortia CS-5 and BC-4 for enhancing methane (CH4) production during anaerobic digestion (AD) with simultaneous degradation of catalpa sawdust and chlorophenols (CPs). Significant reduction in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents was achieved after the biodegradation of catalpa sawdust for 15 days by CS-5 and BC-4, with a total weight loss of 69.2 and 56.3%, respectively. The synergistic microbial consortia enhanced cumulative biogas and CH4 yields by 76.3 and 64.3%, respectively higher than the corresponding control at the end of AD. More than 90% of CH4 was produced within 18 days of AD as a result of microbial pretreatment of catalpa sawdust. These consortia resulted in remarkably higher energy conversion efficiency of 44.3% (218.1 LN CH4/kg TS) over the control. CS-5 and BC-4 removed more than 69 and 77% of the total amount of CPs tested after 15 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mustafa
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Alessandro Manni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Maha A Khalil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
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Emerging technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials for bio-based products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:455-473. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10158-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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de Araujo Guilherme A, Dantas PVF, Padilha CEDA, Dos Santos ES, de Macedo GR. Ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse: Use of different fermentation strategies to enhance an environmental-friendly process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 234:44-51. [PMID: 30599329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using sugarcane bagasse as substrate was developed using batch and fed-batch mode. Acid, alkali, hydrothermal and hydrogen peroxide pretreatments to the sugarcane bagasse were tested. Experiments were carried out to optimize the enzyme load of cellulases and β-glucosidase. Four strains, two of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and two of Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast species were evaluate using SSF to produce ethanol. A kinetic study in bioreactor was carried out to optimize the SSF. The batch process was optimized using 1.0 g/L of inoculum, 15.0 FPU/g cellulose of cellulases and 6.0% of initial cellulose reaching 92.0% of theoretical ethanol yield after 18 h using the bagasse pretreate by acid-alkali and S. cerevisiae PE-2. The fed-batch process with enzyme load three times lower than that was used in batch process, obtained 88% of theoretical ethanol yield in 40 h. Therefore, the use of the lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse) for producing a biofuel (ethanol) reduces the need for oil and is an environmental-friendly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre de Araujo Guilherme
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59.078-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Fortunato Dantas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59.078-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo de Araújo Padilha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59.078-970, Brazil
| | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59.078-970, Brazil.
| | - Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3.000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Bloco 16, Unidade II, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59.078-970, Brazil
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Xia Y, Yang L, Xia L. Combined strategy of transcription factor manipulation and β-glucosidase gene overexpression in Trichoderma reesei and its application in lignocellulose bioconversion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:803-811. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The industrial application of Trichoderma reesei has been greatly limited by insufficient β-glucosidase activity in its cellulase system. In this study, a novel β-glucosidase expression cassette was constructed and integrated at the target site in T. reesei ZU-02, which achieved the overexpression of β-glucosidase gene and in situ disruption of the cellulase transcriptional repressor ACE1. The resulting transformants showed significant increase in both β-glucosidase activity (BGA) and filter paper activity (FPA). The BGA and FPA increased to 25.13 IU/mL and 20.06 FPU/mL, respectively, 167- and 2.45-fold higher than that of the host strain. Meanwhile, the obtained cellulase system exhibited improved ratio of BGA to FPA, leading to better synergistic effect between cellulase components. Furthermore, submerged fermentation of the transformant was established in 50 m3 fermenter yielding 112.2 IU/mL β-glucosidase and 89.76 FPU/mL total cellulase. The newly constructed T. reesei transformant achieved improved hydrolysis yield (90.6%) with reduced enzyme loading (15 FPU/g substrate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- 0000 0004 1759 700X grid.13402.34 Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Lirong Yang
- 0000 0004 1759 700X grid.13402.34 Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Liming Xia
- 0000 0004 1759 700X grid.13402.34 Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou China
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Olofsson J, Barta Z, Börjesson P, Wallberg O. Integrating enzyme fermentation in lignocellulosic ethanol production: life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:51. [PMID: 28250818 PMCID: PMC5324314 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0733-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulase enzymes have been reported to contribute with a significant share of the total costs and greenhouse gas emissions of lignocellulosic ethanol production today. A potential future alternative to purchasing enzymes from an off-site manufacturer is to integrate enzyme and ethanol production, using microorganisms and part of the lignocellulosic material as feedstock for enzymes. This study modelled two such integrated process designs for ethanol from logging residues from spruce production, and compared it to an off-site case based on existing data regarding purchased enzymes. Greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy balances were studied in a life-cycle assessment, and cost performance in a techno-economic analysis. RESULTS The base case scenario suggests that greenhouse gas emissions per MJ of ethanol could be significantly lower in the integrated cases than in the off-site case. However, the difference between the integrated and off-site cases is reduced with alternative assumptions regarding enzyme dosage and the environmental impact of the purchased enzymes. The comparison of primary energy balances did not show any significant difference between the cases. The minimum ethanol selling price, to reach break-even costs, was from 0.568 to 0.622 EUR L-1 for the integrated cases, as compared to 0.581 EUR L-1 for the off-site case. CONCLUSIONS An integrated process design could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from lignocellulose-based ethanol production, and the cost of an integrated process could be comparable to purchasing enzymes produced off-site. This study focused on the environmental and economic assessment of an integrated process, and in order to strengthen the comparison to the off-site case, more detailed and updated data regarding industrial off-site enzyme production are especially important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Olofsson
- Division of Environmental and Energy Systems Studies, Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, John Ericssons väg 1, 22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Zsolt Barta
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
| | - Pål Börjesson
- Division of Environmental and Energy Systems Studies, Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, John Ericssons väg 1, 22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Wallberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 22362 Lund, Sweden
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Loman AA, Ju LK. Soybean carbohydrate as fermentation feedstock for production of biofuels and value-added chemicals. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cellulolytic Enzymes Production by Utilizing Agricultural Wastes Under Solid State Fermentation and its Application for Biohydrogen Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:2801-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rana V, Eckard AD, Ahring BK. Comparison of SHF and SSF of wet exploded corn stover and loblolly pine using in-house enzymes produced from T. reesei RUT C30 and A. saccharolyticus. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:516. [PMID: 25279308 PMCID: PMC4176844 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare bioethanol production from wet exploded corn stover (WECS) and loblolly pine (WELP) hydrolyzed with in-house and commercial enzymes and fermented separately (SHF) and simultaneously (SSF). In-house enzymes produced from Trichoderma reesei, RUT-C30 and a novel fungal strain, Aspergillus saccharolyticus were loaded as 5 and 15 FPU/g glucan and supplemented with 10 and 30 CBU/g glucan, respectively. For hydrolysis and fermentation, slurries of WECS and WELP at 5 and 10% (w/w) solids loading (SL) were utilized. Saccharomyces cerevisae was used for ethanol fermentation at 33°C. Maximally, 15.6 g/L and 13.4 g/L (corresponding to theoretical ethanol yield of 76% and 67%, respectively) were achieved in SSF process from WECS and WELP, respectively at 5% SL and 15 FPU/g glucan loading of in-house enzymes. Ethanol concentrations in all cases were higher for SSF compared to SHF under same conditions. A cross comparison of SSF with commercial enzymes (Celluclast 1.5 L + Novozym 188) showed highest ethanol concentration of 17.3 g/L and 15.4 g/L (corresponding to theoretical ethanol yield of 84% and 77%, respectively) from WECS and WELP, respectively at 5% SL and 15 FPU/g glucan. These findings demonstrated that in-house enzymes were comparable to commercial enzymes as these fungi produced other lignocellulolytic enzymes beyond cellulase and hence enhanced the overall enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Rana
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354-1671 USA
| | - Anahita D Eckard
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354-1671 USA
| | - Birgitte K Ahring
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354-1671 USA
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β -Glucosidases from the fungus trichoderma: an efficient cellulase machinery in biotechnological applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:203735. [PMID: 23984325 PMCID: PMC3747355 DOI: 10.1155/2013/203735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
β-glucosidases catalyze the selective cleavage of glucosidic linkages and are an important class of enzymes having significant prospects in industrial biotechnology. These are classified in family 1 and family 3 of glycosyl hydrolase family. β-glucosidases, particularly from the fungus Trichoderma, are widely recognized and used for the saccharification of cellulosic biomass for biofuel production. With the rising trends in energy crisis and depletion of fossil fuels, alternative strategies for renewable energy sources need to be developed. However, the major limitation accounts for low production of β-glucosidases by the hyper secretory strains of Trichoderma. In accordance with the increasing significance of β-glucosidases in commercial applications, the present review provides a detailed insight of the enzyme family, their classification, structural parameters, properties, and studies at the genomics and proteomics levels. Furthermore, the paper discusses the enhancement strategies employed for their utilization in biofuel generation. Therefore, β-glucosidases are prospective toolbox in bioethanol production, and in the near future, it might be successful in meeting the requirements of alternative renewable sources of energy.
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Singhania RR, Patel AK, Sukumaran RK, Larroche C, Pandey A. Role and significance of beta-glucosidases in the hydrolysis of cellulose for bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 127:500-7. [PMID: 23069613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid biofuels includes the search for a glucose tolerant beta-gulucosidase. Beta-glucosidase is the key enzyme component present in cellulase and completes the final step during cellulose hydrolysis by converting the cellobiose to glucose. This reaction is always under control as it gets inhibited by its product glucose. It is a major bottleneck in the efficient biomass conversion by cellulase. To circumvent this problem several strategies have been adopted which we have discussed in the article along with its production strategies and general properties. It plays a very significant role in bioethanol production from biomass through enzymatic route. Hence several amendments took place in the commercial preparation of cellulase for biomass hydrolysis, which contains higher and improved beta-glucosidase for efficient biomass conversion. This article presents beta-glucosidase as the key component for bioethanol from biomass through enzymatic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeta Rani Singhania
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique et Biochimique, Université Blaise Pascal, Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, Aubiere cedex, France.
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Jeya M, Kalyani D, Dhiman SS, Kim H, Woo S, Kim D, Lee JK. Saccharification of woody biomass using glycoside hydrolases from Stereum hirsutum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 117:310-316. [PMID: 22617039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic saccharification of woody biomasses was performed using glycoside hydrolases from Stereum hirsutum, a newly isolated fungal strain found to secrete efficient glycoside hydrolases. The strain showed the highest β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, endoglucanase, endoxylanase, laccase, and filter paper activity of 10.3, 1.7, 10.3, 29.9, 0.12, and 0.58 U/ml, respectively. Among the various biomasses tested for saccharification, pine biomass produced maximum reducing sugar. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the hydrolysis of pine biomass to achieve the highest level of sugars. The parameters including enzyme, substrate concentration, temperature and pH were found to be critical for the conversion of pine biomass into sugars. Maximum saccharification of 49.7% (435 mg/g-substrate) was obtained after 96 h of hydrolysis. A close agreement between the experimental results and the model predictions was achieved. S. hirsutum could be a good choice for the production of reducing sugars from cellulosic biomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marimuthu Jeya
- Institute of SK-KU Biomaterials, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Liu HQ, Feng Y, Zhao DQ, Jiang JX. Influence of cellulose content on the enzyme activity in the saccharification digests of furfural residues. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Q. Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing; 100083; China
| | - Y. Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing; 100083; China
| | - D. Q. Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing; 100083; China
| | - J. X. Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing; 100083; China
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Liu HQ, Feng Y, Zhao DQ, Jiang JX. Evaluation of cellulases produced from four fungi cultured on furfural residues and microcrystalline cellulose. Biodegradation 2011; 23:465-72. [PMID: 22116409 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-011-9525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Four fungal strains-Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma koningii, and Trichoderma reesei-were selected for cellulase production using furfural residues and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as the substrates. The filter paper activity (FPA) of the supernatant from each fungus was measured, and the performance of the enzymes from different fungal strains was compared. Moreover, the individual activities of the three components of the cellulase system, i.e., β-glucosidase, endoglucanase, and exoglucanase were evaluated. T. koningii showed the highest activity (27.81 FPU/ml) on furfural residues, while T. viride showed an activity of 21.61 FPU/ml on MCC. The FPA of the crude enzyme supernatant from T. koningii was 30% higher on furfural residues than on MCC. T. koningii and T. viride exhibited high stability and productivity and were chosen for cellulases production. The crystallinity index (CrI) of the furfural residues varied after digested by the fungi. The results indicated differences in the functioning of the cellulase system from each fungus. In the case of T. koningii, T. reesei and T. viride, furfural residues supported a better environment for cellulase production than MCC. Moreover, the CrI of the furfural residues decreased, indicating that this material was largely digested by the fungi. Thus, our results suggest that it may be possible to use the cellulases produced from these fungi for the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic materials in ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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15
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Wei L, Shrestha A, Tu M, Adhikari S. Effects of surfactant on biochemical and hydrothermal conversion of softwood hemicellulose to ethanol and furan derivatives. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jeya M, Nguyen NPT, Moon HJ, Kim SH, Lee JK. Conversion of woody biomass into fermentable sugars by cellulase from Agaricus arvensis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:8742-8749. [PMID: 20609581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Agaricus arvensis, a newly isolated basidiomycetous fungus, was found to secrete efficient cellulases. The strain produced the highest endoglucanase (EG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH) and beta-glucosidase (BGL) activities of 0.3, 3.2 and 8U/mg-protein, respectively, with rice straw as the carbon source. Saccharification of the woody biomass with A. arvensis cellulase as the enzyme source released a high level of fermentable sugars. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the poplar biomass was optimized using the response surface methodology in order to study the influence of the variables (pH, temperature, cellulases concentration and substrate concentration). The enzyme and substrate concentrations were identified as the limiting factors for the saccharification of poplar wood biomass. A total reducing sugar level of 29g/L (293mg/g-substrate) was obtained at an enzyme concentration of 65FPU/g-substrate after optimization of the hydrolysis parameters. The model validation showed a good agreement between the experimental results and the predicted responses. A. arvensis could be a good candidate for the production of reducing sugars from a cellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marimuthu Jeya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Barta Z, Kovacs K, Reczey K, Zacchi G. Process design and economics of on-site cellulase production on various carbon sources in a softwood-based ethanol plant. Enzyme Res 2010; 2010:734182. [PMID: 21048869 PMCID: PMC2962911 DOI: 10.4061/2010/734182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
On-site cellulase enzyme fermentation in a softwood-to-ethanol process, based on SO(2)-catalysed steam pretreatment followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, was investigated from a techno-economic aspect using Aspen Plus© and Aspen Icarus Process Evaluator© softwares. The effect of varying the carbon source of enzyme fermentation, at constant protein and mycelium yields, was monitored through the whole process. Enzyme production step decreased the overall ethanol yield (270 L/dry tonne of raw material in the case of purchased enzymes) by 5-16 L/tonne. Capital cost was found to be the main cost contributor to enzyme fermentation, constituting to 60-78% of the enzyme production cost, which was in the range of 0.42-0.53 SEK/L ethanol. The lowest minimum ethanol selling prices (4.71 and 4.82 SEK/L) were obtained in those scenarios, where pretreated liquid fraction supplemented with molasses was used as carbon source. In some scenarios, on-site enzyme fermentation was found to be a feasible alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Barta
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
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Deficiency of Cellulase Activity Measurements for Enzyme Evaluation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1737-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-8955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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