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Habelreeh HH, Athinarayanan J, Periasamy VS, Alshatwi AA. Maillard Reaction-Derived S-Doped Carbon Dots Promotes Downregulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 Genes In-Vitro. Molecules 2024; 29:2008. [PMID: 38731499 PMCID: PMC11085050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CDs) are commonly found in food products and have attracted significant attention from food scientists. There is a high probability of CD exposure in humans, but its impacts on health are unclear. Therefore, health effects associated with CD consumption should be investigated. In this study, we attempted to create a model system of the Maillard reaction between cystine and glucose using a simple cooking approach. The CDs (CG-CDs) were isolated from cystine-glucose-based Maillard reaction products and characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Furthermore, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMCs) were used as a model to unravel the CDs' cytotoxic properties. The physiochemical assessment revealed that CG-CDs emit excitation-dependent fluorescence and possess a circular shape with sizes ranging from 2 to 13 nm. CG-CDs are predominantly composed of carbon, oxygen, and sulfur. The results of the cytotoxicity evaluation indicate good biocompatibility, where no severe toxicity was observed in hMCs up to 400 μg/mL. The DPPH assay demonstrated that CDs exert potent antioxidant abilities. The qPCR analysis revealed that CDs promote the downregulation of the key regulatory genes, PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1, and HMGCR, coupled with the upregulation of anti-inflammatory genes. Our findings suggested that, along with their excellent biocompatibility, CG-CDs may offer positive health outcomes by modulating critical genes involved in lipogenesis, homeostasis, and obesity pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ali A. Alshatwi
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.H.); (J.A.)
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Periasamy VS, Athinarayanan J, Alshatwi AA. Understanding the Interaction between Nanomaterials Originated from High-Temperature Processed Starch/Myristic Acid and Human Monocyte Cells. Foods 2024; 13:554. [PMID: 38397531 PMCID: PMC10888307 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-temperature cooking approaches trigger many metabolically undesirable molecule formations, which pose health risks. As a result, nanomaterial formation has been observed while cooking and reported recently. At high temperatures, starch and myristic acid interact and lead to the creation of nanomaterials (cMS-NMs). We used a non-polar solvent chloroform to separate the nanomaterials using a liquid-liquid extraction technique. The physico-chemical characterization was carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To determine the biological impact of these nanomaterials using different in vitro assays, including a cell viability assay, microscopic staining, and gene expression analysis, we adopted the THP-1 cell line as an in vitro monocyte model in our study. The TEM images revealed that fabricated cMS nanomaterials are smaller than 100 nm in diameter. There were significant concerns found in the cytotoxicity assay and gene expression analysis. At concentrations of 100-250 µg/mL, the cMS-NMs caused up to 95% cell death. We found both necrosis and apoptosis in cMS-NMs treated THP-1 cells. In cMS-NMs-treated THP-1 cells, we found decreased expression levels in IL1B and NFKB1A genes and significant upregulation in MIF genes, suggesting a negative immune response. These findings strongly suggest that cMS-NMs originated from high-temperature food processing can cause adverse effects on biological systems. Therefore, charred materials in processed foods should be avoided in order to minimize the risk of health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali A. Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (V.S.P.); (J.A.)
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3
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Yin J, Liu K, Yuan S, Guo Y, Yu H, Cheng Y, Xie Y, Qian H, Yao W. Carbon dots in breadcrumbs: Effect of frying on them and interaction with human serum albumin. Food Chem 2023; 424:136371. [PMID: 37210845 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This research confirmed the existence of carbon dots (CDs) in breadcrumbs before frying, and CDs could be significantly affected by frying. The content of CDs increased from 0.013 ± 0.002% to 1.029 ± 0.002%, and the fluorescence quantum yield increased from 1.82 ± 0.01% to 3.16 ± 0.002% after frying at 180℃ for 5 min. The size reduced from 3.32 ± 0.71 nm to 2.67 ± 0.48 nm, and the content of N increased from 1.58% to 2.53%. In addition, the interaction of the CDs and human serum albumin (HSA) through electrostatic and hydrophobic induces the increase of α-helix structure and the change of the amino acid microenvironment of HSA. CDs corona, which may have physiological significance, was found through the transmission electron microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Kunfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Shaofeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, China.
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4
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Tian S, Saravanan K, Mothana RA, Ramachandran G, Rajivgandhi G, Manoharan N. Anti-cancer activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Avicennia marina against A549 lung cancer cells through ROS/mitochondrial damages. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3018-3024. [PMID: 33100861 PMCID: PMC7569133 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesized Ag NPs was synthesized by using marine mangrove plant extract Avicennia marina. The synthesized Ag NPs was confirmed by various physiochemical characterization including UV-spectrometer and XRD analysis. In addition, the shape and of the synthesized Ag NPs was morphologically identified by SEM initially and TEM finally. After confirmation, the anti-cancer property of synthesized Ag NPs was confirmed at 50 µg/mL concentration against A549 lung cancer cells by MTT assay. Further, the ability to stimulate the ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane at the IC50 concentration of Ag NPs was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy using DCFH-DA and rhodamine 123 dyes respectively. Finally, the result was concluded that the synthesized Ag NPs has improved anti-cancer activity against A549 cells at lowest concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, 3201 Hospital, No. 783 Tianhan Avenue, Hantai District, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Kandasamy Saravanan
- Molecular, Cell & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Govindan Ramachandran
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Rajivgandhi
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natesan Manoharan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Cong S, Wang N, Wang K, Wu Y, Li D, Song Y, Prakash S, Tan M. Fluorescent nanoparticles in the popular pizza: properties, biodistribution and cytotoxicity. Food Funct 2019; 10:2408-2416. [PMID: 30957811 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01944d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Food-borne nanoparticles that are generated during the thermal processing of various consumed foods are of great concern due to their unique properties. In this study, the presence of fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) in pizza, their biodistribution and cytotoxicity were investigated. The spherical FNPs have a diameter of about 3.33 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that they contained 68.21% C, 27.44% O, 2.75% N and 1.60% S, and the functional groups on their surface included -OH, -COOH, C[double bond, length as m-dash]C, -NH2 and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O. In vitro and in vivo biodistribution of pizza FNPs was evaluated using normal rat kidney (NRK) cells, onion epidermal cells, Caenorhabditis elegans and mice. The fluorescence microscopy images clearly indicate that the pizza FNPs appear to be localized within the cytoplasm. However, the FNPs remained restricted to the extracellular space of the onion epithelium and did not enter the onion cell cytoplasm because of the cell wall. The FNPs were swallowed by the Caenorhabditis elegans worms when exposed to food OP50 and distributed within the pharynx, intestine and anus. Obvious fluorescence of the FNPs in the stomach, intestine, liver, lung and kidney was observed for the FNPs in mouse organs, but not the brain, heart, and spleen. Furthermore, the produced FNPs were found to cause cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in NRK cells, and resulted in cell apoptosis at high doses. The outcome of this research offers an important insight into the nature of thermal processing-induced nanoparticles and their in vivo and in vitro biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cong
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
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Zhang Z, Liu W, Hu J, Qu Y, Zhao J, Pan Y, Zhang X, Quan X. Surface water extracts impair gene profiles and differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:104823. [PMID: 31445443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of pollutants in surface water challenge the assessment of chronic effects on human health. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were employed as a sensitive and relevant in vitro model to evaluate the potential biological effects caused by mixtures of pollutants in surface water. Organic extracts of surface water collected from Hun River inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Surface water extracts at noncytotoxic concentrations induced 533 to 1055 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hBMSCs after 48 h of exposure. Total of 370 genes were commonly affected by surface water from different sites and accounted for 35-69% of DEGs impaired by individual sample. Pathways related to human diseases, genetic information processing and organismal systems were enriched based on DEGs. Interleukins (IL1B, IL6 and IL8) were affected and involved in most human diseases related pathways. The significantly downregulation of COL1A1 and the variation of rheumatoid arthritis pathway suggested that surface water potentially inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Clustering analysis and principle component analysis with DEGs distinguish the surface water from tributary and mainstream. The crossing-species comparison of transcriptomic changes identified 923 and 2715 differentially expressed orthologs in hBMSCs and zebrafish, respectively. After the exposure ceased, the followed osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in hBMSCs for 14 days were inhibited by the treatment of surface water during undifferentiated period, whereas the non-polar fraction exhibited stronger potency in affecting differentiation than the mid to polar fractions. hBMSCs, combining unsupervised transcriptomic technique and specific endpoints test, are promising in screening the health effects of environmental mixtures in surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Junxiang Hu
- Liaoning Environmental Monitoring Experiment Center, Shenyang 110031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xie Quan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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7
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Liu R, Liu K, Tan M. Nanocorona Formation between Foodborne Nanoparticles Extracted from Roast Squid and Human Serum Albumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10470-10480. [PMID: 31469565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne nanoparticles (FNPs) produced by roasting have attracted the attention of people, owing to their safety risk to body health. Herein, we reported the formation, physicochemical properties, elemental composition, biodistribution, and binding with human serum albumin (HSA) of FNPs extracted from roast squid. The results showed that the FNP size gradually decreased from 4.1 to 2.3 nm as the roasting temperature changed from 190 to 250 °C. The main component elements of FNPs are carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, and the carbon and nitrogen contents of FNPs increased with the roasting temperature rising. The surface of FNPs contained hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl functional groups. The FNPs can emit fluorescence in ultraviolet light and show excitation-dependent emission behavior. Furthermore, it was found that the FNPs derived from roast squid could be accumulated in the stomach, intestine, and brain of BALB/c mice after oral feeding. Static fluorescence quenching of HSA was found by the Stern-Volmer equation and ultraviolet-visible spectrum analysis after interaction with the FNPs. After the addition of FNPs, the α-helix content of HSA decreased and the morphological height of HSA increased, which indicated that the FNPs could cause structural changes in HSA. The atomic force microscopy characterization showed the formation of nanocorona between FNPs and HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronggang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kangjing Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian , Liaoning 116034 , People's Republic of China
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Rajivgandhi G, Maruthupandy M, Quero F, Li WJ. Graphene/nickel oxide nanocomposites against isolated ESBL producing bacteria and A549 cancer cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:829-843. [PMID: 31147055 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) and graphene/nickel oxide nanocomposites (Gr/NiO NCs) was performed using a simple chemical reduction method. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to examine the crystalline nature and thermal stability of the synthesized NiO NPs and Gr/NiO NCs, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to observe the morphology of NiO NPs and Gr/NiO NCs and estimate their size range. TEM suggested that the NiO NPs were speared onto the surface of Gr nanosheet. The efficiency of NiO NPs and Gr/NiO NCs against extended spectrum β-lacamase (ESBL) producing bacteria, which was confirmed by specific HEXA disc Hexa G-minus 24 (HX-096) and MIC strip methods (CLSI); namely Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was investigated using the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. MIC results suggested that the NiO NPs and Gr/NiO NCs possess maximum growth inhibition of 86%, 82% and 94%, 92% at 50 and 30 μg/mL concentrations, respectively. Similarly, both nanomaterials were found to inhibit the β-lacamase enzyme at concentrations of 60 μg/mL and 40 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity of NiO NPs and Gr/NiO NCs was quantified against A549 human lung cancer cells. Cell death percentage values of 52% at 50 μg/mL against NiO NPs and 54% at 20 μg/mL against Gr/NiO NCs were obtained, respectively. The NCs were found to reduce cell viability, increase the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modify both the mitochondrial membrane permeability and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindan Rajivgandhi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Muthuchamy Maruthupandy
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Franck Quero
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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Marine sponge alkaloid aaptamine enhances the anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activity against ESBL producing Gram negative bacteria and HepG 2 human liver carcinoma cells. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Cong S, Bi J, Song X, Yu C, Tan M. Ultrasmall fluorescent nanoparticles derived from roast duck: their physicochemical characteristics and interaction with human serum albumin. Food Funct 2018; 9:2490-2495. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00178b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) produced from roast meat have drawn widespread attention due to their potential hazards to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cong
- School of Food Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Jingran Bi
- School of Food Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Xunyu Song
- School of Food Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Chenxu Yu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
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