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Song B, Wang W, Jia C, Han Z, Yang J, Yang J, Wu Z, Xu H, Qiao M. Identification and Characterization of a Predominant Hydrophobin in the Edible Mushroom Grifola frondosa. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:25. [PMID: 38248935 PMCID: PMC10820438 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobins (HFBs) are a group of small, secreted amphipathic proteins of fungi with multiple physiological functions and potential commercial applications. In this study, HFB genes of the edible mushroom, Grifola frondosa, were systematically identified and characterized, and their transcriptional profiles during fungal development were determined. In total, 19 typical class I HFB genes were discovered and bioinformatically analyzed. Gene expression profile examination showed that Gf.hyd9954 was particularly highly upregulated during primordia formation, suggesting its major role as the predominant HFB in the lifecycle of G. frondosa. The wettability alteration profile and the surface modification ability of recombinant rGf.hyd9954 were greater than for the Grifola HFB HGFII-his. rGf.hyd9954 was also demonstrated to form the typical class I HFB characteristic-rodlet bundles. In addition, rGf.hyd9954 was shown to possess nanoparticle characteristics and emulsification activities. This research sheds light on the regulation of fungal development and its association with the expression of HFB genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Wenjun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Chunhui Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Jiuxia Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Haijin Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China; (B.S.)
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
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Rana AK, Thakur MK, Saini AK, Mokhta SK, Moradi O, Rydzkowski T, Alsanie WF, Wang Q, Grammatikos S, Thakur VK. Recent developments in microbial degradation of polypropylene: Integrated approaches towards a sustainable environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154056. [PMID: 35231525 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fossil-fuel-based plastics have many enticing properties, but their production has resulted in significant environmental issues that require immediate attention. Despite the fact that these polymers are manmade, some bacteria can degrade and metabolise them, suggesting that biotechnologies based on the principle of plastic biodegradation could be beneficial. Among different types of plastics, polypropylene (PP), either having low or high density, is one of the most consumed plastics (18.85%). Their debasement under natural conditions is somewhat tricky. Still, their debasement under natural conditions is rather difficult slightly. However, different scientists have still made efforts by employing other microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and guts bacteria of larvae of insects to bio-deteriorate the PP plastic. Pre-irradiation techniques (ultraviolet and gamma irradiations), compatibilizers, and bio-additives (natural fibers, starch, and polylactic acid) have been found to impact percent bio-deterioration of different PP derivatives stronglythe various. The fungal and bacterial study showed that PP macro/microplastic might serve as an energy source and sole carbon during bio-degradation. Generally, gravimetric method or physical characterization techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, etc., are utilized to affirm the bio-degradation of PP plastics-based materials. However, these techniques are not enough to warrant the bio-deterioration of PP. In this regard, a new technique approach that measures the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during bacterial or fungus degradation has also been discussed. In addition, further exploration is needed on novel isolates from plastisphere environments, sub-atomic strategies to describe plastic-debasing microorganisms and improve enzymatic action strategies, and omics-based innovations to speed up plastic waste bio-deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manju Kumari Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College Sarkaghat, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
| | - Adesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
| | - Sudesh Kumar Mokhta
- Department of Environment, Science & Technology, Government of Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
| | - Omid Moradi
- Faculty of Science, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tomasz Rydzkowski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Raclawicka Str. 15-17, 75-620 Koszalin, Poland.
| | - Walaa F Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Sotirios Grammatikos
- Laboratory of Advanced & Sustainable Engineering Materials (ASEMlab), Group of Sustainable Composites, Department of Manufacturing and Civil Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik 2815, Norway
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Edinburgh, UK; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India.
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Kulkarni SS, Nene SN, Joshi KS. Identification and characterization of a hydrophobin Vmh3 from Pleurotus ostreatus. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 195-196:106095. [PMID: 35452811 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins (HPs) are relatively small surface-active proteins of fungal origin. Being an industrially important protein, isolation of new molecules from GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) strains like mushrooms is the need of the time. In the present work, hydrophobin Vmh3-1 is isolated, purified, and identified from a culture broth and vegetative mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus grown in a Potato dextrose broth (PDB) in static culture conditions. Purified proteins from the broth and the cell wall showed bands of 11 kDa and 17 kDa when analyzed on SDS-PAGE. Hydrophobin Vmh3-1 was identified in purified protein samples by the Orbitrap-HR-LC-MS/MS analysis with a maximum of 66% sequence coverage. The amphipathic nature of the protein was revealed by an increase in the water contact angle (WCA) of the hydrophilic surface of glass by 87% as well as a decrease in the WCA of the hydrophobic surface of Teflon by 19%. The emulsification property was tested with food-grade oils and Hexane. A maximum activity (EI 24) of 87.64% was recorded for Sunflower oil. In CD (Circular dichroism) spectra, Vmh3-1 showed the typical spectra of hydrophobin with a dominance of β-sheets (51%) in the secondary structure and a minimum percentage of the α-helix (2%). The protein did not show a self-aggregating property on vigorous shaking making it suitable for numerous industrial applications. The identification of Vmh3-1 with detailed amino acid sequencing and the characterization of the protein to evaluate its potential in surface modifications for various industrial applications is demonstrated herein for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha S Kulkarni
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering and Department of Technology, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411041, India.
| | - Sanjay N Nene
- Innovation Biologicals Private Limited, 100 NCL Innovation Park, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411 008, India.
| | - Kalpana S Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering and Department of Technology, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411041, India.
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Sun X, Wu J, Zhang S, Luo L, Mo C, Sheng L, Ma A. Genome and Comparative Transcriptome Dissection Provide Insights Into Molecular Mechanisms of Sclerotium Formation in Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus tuber-regium. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:815954. [PMID: 35250915 PMCID: PMC8891965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.815954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus tuber-regium is an edible and medicinal sclerotium-producing mushroom. The sclerotia of this mushroom also serve as food and folk medicine. Based on the description of its monokaryon genome, sequenced with Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies, comparative transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to study its mechanism of sclerotium formation. The de novo assembled genome is 35.82 Mb in size with a N50 scaffold size of 4.29 Mb and encodes 12,173 putative proteins. Expression analysis demonstrated that 1,146 and 1,249 genes were upregulated and downregulated with the formation of sclerotia, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were associated with substrate decomposition, the oxidation-reduction process, cell wall synthesis, and other biological processes in P. tuber-regium. These genomic and transcriptomic resources provide useful information for the mechanism underlying sclerotium formation in P. tuber-regium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyue Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuiyuan Mo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aimin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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5
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Gao R, Pan H, Lian J. Recent advances in the discovery, characterization, and engineering of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hydrolases. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 150:109868. [PMID: 34489027 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a class of polyester plastic composed of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). The accumulation of large amount of PET waste has resulted in severe environmental and health problems. Microbial polyester hydrolases with the ability to degrade PET provide an economy- and environment-friendly approach for the treatment of PET waste. In recent years, many PET hydrolases have been discovered and characterized from various microorganisms and engineered for better performance under practical application conditions. Here, recent progress in the discovery, characterization, and enzymatic mechanism elucidation of PET hydrolases is firstly reviewed. Then, structure-guided protein engineering of PET hydrolases with increased enzymatic activities, expanded substrate specificity, as well as improved protein stability is summarized. In addition, strategies for efficient expression of recombinant PET hydrolases, including secretory expression and cell-surface display, are briefly introduced. This review is concluded with future perspectives in biodegradation and subsequent biotransformation of PET wastes to produce value-added compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haojie Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiazhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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6
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Ahn SO, Lim HD, You SH, Cheong DE, Kim GJ. Soluble Expression and Efficient Purification of Recombinant Class I Hydrophobin DewA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157843. [PMID: 34360609 PMCID: PMC8345945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobins are small proteins (<20 kDa) with an amphipathic tertiary structure that are secreted by various filamentous fungi. Their amphipathic properties provide surfactant-like activity, leading to the formation of robust amphipathic layers at hydrophilic–hydrophobic interfaces, which make them useful for a wide variety of industrial fields spanning protein immobilization to surface functionalization. However, the industrial use of recombinant hydrophobins has been hampered due to low yield from inclusion bodies owing to the complicated process, including an auxiliary refolding step. Herein, we report the soluble expression of a recombinant class I hydrophobin DewA originating from Aspergillus nidulans, and its efficient purification from recombinant Escherichia coli. Soluble expression of the recombinant hydrophobin DewA was achieved by a tagging strategy using a systematically designed expression tag (ramp tag) that was fused to the N-terminus of DewA lacking the innate signal sequence. Highly expressed recombinant hydrophobin DewA in a soluble form was efficiently purified by a modified aqueous two-phase separation technique using isopropyl alcohol. Our approach for expression and purification of the recombinant hydrophobin DewA in E. coli shed light on the industrial production of hydrophobins from prokaryotic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Oh Ahn
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-O.A.); (D.-E.C.)
| | - Ho-Dong Lim
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, 241 Cheomdangwahak-ro, Jeongeup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Sung-Hwan You
- Biomedical Research Center, Chonnam National University, Convergence Science Building (M2), Suite 301-1 264, Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Korea;
| | - Dae-Eun Cheong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-O.A.); (D.-E.C.)
| | - Geun-Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-O.A.); (D.-E.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-3403
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7
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da Silva AF, Banat IM, Giachini AJ, Robl D. Fungal biosurfactants, from nature to biotechnological product: bioprospection, production and potential applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2003-2034. [PMID: 34131819 PMCID: PMC8205652 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are in demand by the global market as natural commodities that can be added to commercial products or use in environmental applications. These biomolecules reduce the surface/interfacial tension between fluid phases and exhibit superior stability to chemical surfactants under different physico-chemical conditions. Biotechnological production of biosurfactants is still emerging. Fungi are promising producers of these molecules with unique chemical structures, such as sophorolipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, cellobiose lipids, xylolipids, polyol lipids and hydrophobins. In this review, we aimed to contextualize concepts related to fungal biosurfactant production and its application in industry and the environment. Concepts related to the thermodynamic and physico-chemical properties of biosurfactants are presented, which allows detailed analysis of their structural and application. Promising niches for isolating biosurfactant-producing fungi are presented, as well as screening methodologies are discussed. Finally, strategies related to process parameters and variables, simultaneous production, process optimization through statistical and genetic tools, downstream processing and some aspects of commercial products formulations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Felipe da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Gurupi, TO, Brazil
| | - Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Admir José Giachini
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Diogo Robl
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Landeta-Salgado C, Cicatiello P, Lienqueo ME. Mycoprotein and hydrophobin like protein produced from marine fungi Paradendryphiella salina in submerged fermentation with green seaweed Ulva spp. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Dokouhaki M, Hung A, Kasapis S, Gras SL. Hydrophobins and chaplins: Novel bio-surfactants for food dispersions a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Dąbrowska GB, Garstecka Z, Olewnik-Kruszkowska E, Szczepańska G, Ostrowski M, Mierek-Adamska A. Comparative Study of Structural Changes of Polylactide and Poly(ethylene terephthalate) in the Presence of Trichoderma viride. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073491. [PMID: 33800567 PMCID: PMC8038068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic pollution is one of the crucial global challenges nowadays, and biodegradation is a promising approach to manage plastic waste in an environment-friendly and cost-effective way. In this study we identified the strain of fungus Trichoderma viride GZ1, which was characterized by particularly high pectinolytic activity. Using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques, and viscosity measurements we showed that three-month incubation of polylactide and polyethylene terephthalate in the presence of the fungus lead to significant changes of the surface of polylactide. Further, to gain insight into molecular mechanisms underneath the biodegradation process, western blot hybridization was used to show that in the presence of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in laboratory conditions the fungus produced hydrophobin proteins. The mycelium adhered to the plastic surface, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, possibly due to the presence of hydrophobins. Further, using atomic force microscopy we demonstrated for the first time the formation of hydrophobin film on the surface of aliphatic polylactide (PLA) and PET by T. viride GZ1. This is the first stage of research that will be continued under environmental conditions, potentially leading to a practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna B. Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.B.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zuzanna Garstecka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.B.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Szczepańska
- Laboratory for Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Maciej Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Mierek-Adamska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.B.D.); (Z.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-56-611-4576
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Puspitasari N, Tsai SL, Lee CK. Fungal Hydrophobin RolA Enhanced PETase Hydrolysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:1284-1295. [PMID: 32506284 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) becomes one of the most well-known polyesters and is widely used as packaging material. Recently, polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase (PETase) has emerged as a potential biocatalyst demonstrating the ability to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET). We showed that the rate of PETase hydrolysis could be significantly increased in the presence of hydrophobin RolA. Hydrophobins represent a class of small fungal protein that has a high surface-active substance and can spontaneously self-assemble at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces. In this work, a class I hydrophobin named RolA was extracted from the mycelium pellet collected from a fermentation culture of Aspergillus oryzae. The SDS-PAGE analysis of the isolated RolA showed the presence of 11 kDa polypeptide. Recombinant PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis was also successfully expressed in Escherichia coli as a soluble protein with molecular weight approximately 30 kDa. The hydrophobin RolA could enhance the PET hydrolysis in the presence of the recombinant PETase. The hydrolysis of PET bottle by RolA-PETase achieved the highest weight loss of 26% in 4 days. It is speculated that the wetting effect of RolA acts on PET surface converts PET to become hydrophilic that leads PETase easier to contact and attack the surface. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathania Puspitasari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
| | - Shen-Long Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
| | - Cheng-Kang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei, Taiwan, 106.
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12
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Sánchez C. Fungal potential for the degradation of petroleum-based polymers: An overview of macro- and microplastics biodegradation. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 40:107501. [PMID: 31870825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Petroleum-based plastic materials as pollutants raise concerns because of their impact on the global ecosystem and on animal and human health. There is an urgent need to remove plastic waste from the environment to overcome the environmental crisis of plastic pollution. This review describes the natural and unique ability of fungi to invade substrates by using enzymes that have the capacity to detoxify pollutants and are able to act on nonspecific substrates, the fungal ability to produce hydrophobins for surface coating to attach hyphae to hydrophobic substrates, and hyphal ability to penetrate three dimensional substrates. Fungal studies on macro- and microplastics biodegradation have shown that fungi are able to use these materials as the sole carbon and energy source. Further research is required on novel isolates from plastisphere ecosystems, on the use of molecular techniques to characterize plastic-degrading fungi and enhance enzymatic activity levels, and on the use of omics-based technologies to accelerate plastic waste biodegradation processes. The addition of pro-oxidants species (photosensitizers) and the reduction of biocides and antioxidant stabilizers used in the plastic manufacturing process should also be considered to promote biodegradation. Interdisciplinary research and innovative fungal strategies for plastic waste biodegradation, as well as ecofriendly manufacturing of petroleum-based plastics, may help to reduce the negative impacts of plastic waste pollution in the biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sánchez
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Ixtacuixtla, C.P. 90120 Tlaxcala, Mexico.
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