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Hari A, Doddapaneni TRKC, Kikas T. Common operational issues and possible solutions for sustainable biosurfactant production from lignocellulosic feedstock. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118665. [PMID: 38493851 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Surfactants are compounds with high surface activity and emulsifying property. These compounds find application in food, medical, pharmaceutical, and petroleum industries, as well as in agriculture, bioremediation, cleaning, cosmetics, and personal care product formulations. Due to their widespread use and environmental persistence, ensuring biodegradability and sustainability is necessary so as not to harm the environment. Biosurfactants, i.e., surfactants of plant or microbial origin produced from lignocellulosic feedstock, perform better than their petrochemically derived counterparts on the scale of net-carbon-negativity. Although many biosurfactants are commercially available, their high cost of production justifies their application only in expensive pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Besides, the annual number of new biosurfactant compounds reported is less, compared to that of chemical surfactants. Multiple operational issues persist in the biosurfactant value chain. In this review, we have categorized some of these issues based on their relative position in the value chain - hurdles occurring during planning, upstream processes, production stage, and downstream processes - alongside plausible solutions. Moreover, we have presented the available paths forward for this industry in terms of process development and integrated pretreatment, combining conventional tried-and-tested strategies, such as reactor designing and statistical optimization with cutting-edge technologies including metabolic modeling and artificial intelligence. The development of techno-economically feasible biosurfactant production processes would be instrumental in the complete substitution of petrochemical surfactants, rather than mere supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Hari
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, Tartu, 51014, Estonia.
| | - Tharaka Rama Krishna C Doddapaneni
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Timo Kikas
- Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
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2
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Xu F, Chen Y, Zou X, Chu J, Tian X. Precise fermentation coupling with simultaneous separation strategy enables highly efficient and economical sophorolipids production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129719. [PMID: 37678650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) represent highly promising biosurfactants. However, its widespread production and application encounter obstacles due to the significant costs involved. Here, an intelligent and precise regulation strategy was elucidated for the fermentation process coupled with in-situ separation production mode, to achieve cost-effective SLs production. Firstly, a mechanism-assisted data-driven model was constructed for "on-demand feeding of cells". Moreover, a strategy of step-wise oxygen supply regulation based on the demand for cell metabolic capacity was developed, which accomplished "on-demand oxygen supply of cells", to optimize the control of energy consumption. Finally, a systematic approach was implemented by integrating a semi-continuous fermentation mode with in-situ separation technology for SLs production. This strategy enhanced SLs productivity and yield, reaching 2.30 g/L/h and 0.57 g/g, respectively. These values represented a 40.2% and 18.7% increase compared to fed-batch fermentation. Moreover, the concentration of crude SLs after separation reached 793.12 g/L, facilitating downstream separation and purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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3
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Sánchez C. A review of the role of biosurfactants in the biodegradation of hydrophobic organopollutants: production, mode of action, biosynthesis and applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:216. [PMID: 36056983 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The increasing influence of human activity and industrialization has adversely impacted the environment via pollution with organic contaminants, which are minimally soluble in water. These hydrophobic organopollutants may be present in sediment, water or biota and have created concern due to their toxic effects in mammals. The ability of microorganisms to degrade pollutants makes their use the most effective, inexpensive and ecofriendly method for environmental remediation. Microorganisms have the ability to produce natural surfactants (biosurfactants) that increase the bioavailability of hydrophobic organopollutants, which enables their use as carbon and energy sources. Due to microbial diversity in production, and the biodegradability, nontoxicity, stability and specific activity of the surfactants, the use of microbial surfactants has the potential to overcome problems associated with contamination by hydrophobic organopollutants.This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding microbial surfactant production, mode of action in the biodegradation of hydrophobic organopollutants and biosynthetic pathways as well as their applications using emergent strategy tools to remove organopollutants from the environment. It is also specified for the first time that biosurfactants are produced either as growth-associated products or secondary metabolites, and are produced in different amounts by a wide range of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sánchez
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, C.P. 90120, Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico.
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Qazi MA, Wang Q, Dai Z. Sophorolipids bioproduction in the yeast Starmerella bombicola: Current trends and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126593. [PMID: 34942344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sophorolipids are highly active green surfactants (glycolipid biosurfactants) getting tremendous appreciation worldwide due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, broad spectrum of applications, and significant biotechnological potential. Sophorolipids are mainly produced by an oleaginous budding yeast Starmerella bombicola using low-cost substrates. Therefore, the recent state-of-art literature information about S. bombicola yeast is hereby provided, especially the underlying production pathways, biosynthetic gene cluster, and regulatory enzymes. Moreover, the S. bombicola offers flexibility for regulating the structural diversity of sophorolipids, either genetically or by varying fermentative conditions. The emergence of advanced technologies like 'Omics and CRISPR/Cas have certainly boosted rational engineering research for designing high-performing platform strains. Therefore, currently available genetic engineering tools in S. bombicola were reviewed, thereby opening up exciting new possibilities for improving the overall bioproduction titers, structural variability, and stability of sophorolipids. Finally, some technical perspectives to address the current challenges were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmed Qazi
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, PR China; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, 66020 Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Qinhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, PR China
| | - Zongjie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, PR China.
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Sarubbo LA, Silva MDGC, Durval IJB, Bezerra KGO, Ribeiro BG, Silva IA, Twigg MS, Banat IM. Biosurfactants: Production, Properties, Applications, Trends, and General Perspectives. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Dierickx S, Maes K, Roelants SLKW, Pomian B, Van Meulebroek L, De Maeseneire SL, Vanhaecke L, Soetaert WK. A multi-omics study to boost continuous bolaform sophorolipid production. N Biotechnol 2022; 66:107-115. [PMID: 34774786 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable and biobased surface active agents are renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum derived or oleochemical surfactants. However, they are accompanied by relatively high production costs. In this study, the aim was to reduce the production costs for an innovative type of microbial biosurfactant: bolaform sophorolipids, produced by the yeast Starmerella bombicola ΔsbleΔat. A novel continuous retentostat set-up was performed whereby continuous broth microfiltration retained the biomass in the bioreactor while performing an in situ product separation of bolaform sophorolipids. Although a mean volumetric productivity of 0.56 g L-1 h-1 was achieved, it was not possible to maintain this productivity, which collapsed to almost 0 g L-1 h-1. Therefore, two process adaptations were evaluated, a sequential batch strategy and a phosphate limitation alleviation strategy. The sequential batch set-up restored the mean volumetric productivity to 0.66 g L-1 h-1 for an additional 132 h but was again followed by a productivity decline. A similar result was obtained with the phosphate limitation alleviation strategy where a mean volumetric productivity of 0.54 g L-1 h-1 was reached, but a productivity decline was also observed. Whole genome variant analysis uncovered no evidence for genomic variations for up to 1306 h of retentostat cultivation. Untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 8-hydroxyguanosine, a biomarker for oxidative RNA damage, as a key metabolite correlating with high bolaform sophorolipid productivity. This study showcases the application of a retentostat to increase bolaform sophorolipid productivity and lays the basis of a multi-omics platform for in depth investigation of microbial biosurfactant production with S. bombicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Dierickx
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Lab of Chemical Analysis (LCA), Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Karolien Maes
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sophie L K W Roelants
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Beata Pomian
- Lab of Chemical Analysis (LCA), Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | | | - Sofie L De Maeseneire
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Lab of Chemical Analysis (LCA), Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Wim K Soetaert
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Ghent, Belgium.
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7
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Process Development in Biosurfactant Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 181:195-233. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Chen Y, Tang X, Li Y, Liu C, Zhuang Y, Tian X, Chu J. Ultrasound assisted in situ separation of sophorolipids in multi-phase fermentation system to achieve efficient production by Candida bombicola. Biotechnol J 2021; 17:e2100478. [PMID: 34792852 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophorolipids (SLs) are regarded as one of the most promising biosurfactants. However, high production costs are the main obstacle to extended SLs application. Semi-continuous fermentation, which is based on in situ separation, is a promising technology for achieving high SLs productivity. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the sedimentation mechanism of SLs was analyzed. The formation of a hydrophobic mixture of SLs and rapeseed oil was a key factor in sedimentation. And the hydrophobicity and density of the mixture determined SLs sedimentation rate. On this basis, ultrasonic enhanced sedimentation technology (UEST) was introduced, by which the sedimentation rates were increased by 46.9%-485.4% with different ratio of rapeseed oil to SLs. UEST-assisted real-time in situ separation and semi-continuous fermentation were performed. SLs productivity and yield were 2.15 g L-1 h-1 and 0.58 g g-1 , respectively, simultaneously the loss ratio of cells, glucose, and rapeseed oil were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new horizon for optimization of the SLs fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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9
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Tian X, Li Y, Chen Y, Mohsin A, Chu J. System optimization of an embedding protocol to immobilize cells from Candida bombicola to improve the efficiency of sophorolipids production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125700. [PMID: 34426247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces the implication of immobilization technology in the fermentation process of sophorolipids (SLs) production by Candida bombicola. Firstly, an evaluation system was established for the performance of embedding immobilization and subsequently applied to guide the optimization of operating conditions for sodium alginate immobilization. Correspondingly, the SLs titer increased from 11.4 g/L to 14.6 g/L. Secondly, polyvinyl alcohol was introduced for composite embedding to improve the stability of immobilized beads. Then exogenous addition of 1.5% diatomite further enhanced the fermentation performance of immobilized cells, thereby increasing the SLs titer to 35.9 g/L, which was 2.1 times higher than the original immobilized cells method. Finally, the immobilized cells were tested for three repeated batches of SLs fermentation. Compared to the free cells fermentation, the SLs productivity and substrate conversion rate were increased by 35.5% and 9.1%, respectively. The obtained results showed high potential for application on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ali Mohsin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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10
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From bumblebee to bioeconomy: Recent developments and perspectives for sophorolipid biosynthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107788. [PMID: 34166752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sophorolipids are biobased compounds produced by the genera Starmerella and Pseudohyphozyma that gain exponential interest from academic and industrial stakeholders due to their mild and environmental friendly characteristics. Currently, industrially relevant sophorolipid volumetric productivities are reached up to 3.7 g∙L-1∙h-1 and sophorolipids are used in the personal care and cleaning industry at small scale. Moreover, applications in crop protection, food, biohydrometallurgy and medical fields are being extensively researched. The research and development of sophorolipids is at a crucial stage. Therefore, this work presents an overview of the state-of-the-art on sophorolipid research and their applications, while providing a critical assessment of scientific techniques and standardisation in reporting. In this review, the genuine sophorolipid producing organisms and the natural role of sophorolipids are discussed. Subsequently, an evaluation is made of innovations in production processes and the relevance of in-situ product recovery for process performance is discussed. Furthermore, a critical assessment of application research and its future perspectives are portrayed with a focus on the self-assembly of sophorolipid molecules. Following, genetic engineering strategies that affect the sophorolipid physiochemical properties are summarised. Finally, the impact of sophorolipids on the bioeconomy are uncovered, along with relevant future perspectives.
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11
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da Silva AF, Banat IM, Giachini AJ, Robl D. Fungal biosurfactants, from nature to biotechnological product: bioprospection, production and potential applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2003-2034. [PMID: 34131819 PMCID: PMC8205652 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are in demand by the global market as natural commodities that can be added to commercial products or use in environmental applications. These biomolecules reduce the surface/interfacial tension between fluid phases and exhibit superior stability to chemical surfactants under different physico-chemical conditions. Biotechnological production of biosurfactants is still emerging. Fungi are promising producers of these molecules with unique chemical structures, such as sophorolipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, cellobiose lipids, xylolipids, polyol lipids and hydrophobins. In this review, we aimed to contextualize concepts related to fungal biosurfactant production and its application in industry and the environment. Concepts related to the thermodynamic and physico-chemical properties of biosurfactants are presented, which allows detailed analysis of their structural and application. Promising niches for isolating biosurfactant-producing fungi are presented, as well as screening methodologies are discussed. Finally, strategies related to process parameters and variables, simultaneous production, process optimization through statistical and genetic tools, downstream processing and some aspects of commercial products formulations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Felipe da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Gurupi, TO, Brazil
| | - Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Admir José Giachini
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Diogo Robl
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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12
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Seeking faster, alternative methods for glycolipid biosurfactant characterization and purification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4311-4320. [PMID: 34003328 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants have been investigated as potential alternatives for synthetic surfactants in several areas, for example, in environmental and pharmaceutical fields. In that regard, extensive research has been carried out with sophorolipids and rhamnolipids that also present various biological properties with therapeutic significance. These biosurfactants are obtained as complex mixtures of slightly different molecules, and thus when studying these microbial glycolipids, the ability to identify and purify the produced compounds is of extreme importance. This study aimed to develop improved methodologies for the identification, separation, and purification of sophorolipids and rhamnolipids. Therefore, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was modified to ensure faster characterization of both sophorolipids and rhamnolipids, enabling the identification and fragmentation pattern description of 10 and 13 congeners, respectively. The separation and purification of these biosurfactants was achieved with novel reversed-phase solid-phase extraction methods guaranteeing the isolation of different glycolipids, including those considered for their significant biological activity (e.g. antimicrobial, anticancer). It was possible to isolate sophorolipids and rhamnolipids with purity of 94% and 99%, respectively. The methods presented herein can be easily implemented and are expected to make purification of these biosurfactants easier, facilitating the study of their individual properties in further works.
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13
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Farias CBB, Almeida FC, Silva IA, Souza TC, Meira HM, Soares da Silva RDCF, Luna JM, Santos VA, Converti A, Banat IM, Sarubbo LA. Production of green surfactants: Market prospects. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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14
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Bhatt P, Verma A, Gangola S, Bhandari G, Chen S. Microbial glycoconjugates in organic pollutant bioremediation: recent advances and applications. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:72. [PMID: 33736647 PMCID: PMC7977309 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-scale application of organic pollutants (OPs) has contaminated the air, soil, and water. Persistent OPs enter the food supply chain and create several hazardous effects on living systems. Thus, there is a need to manage the environmental levels of these toxicants. Microbial glycoconjugates pave the way for the enhanced degradation of these toxic pollutants from the environment. Microbial glycoconjugates increase the bioavailability of these OPs by reducing surface tension and creating a solvent interface. To date, very little emphasis has been given to the scope of glycoconjugates in the biodegradation of OPs. Glycoconjugates create a bridge between microbes and OPs, which helps to accelerate degradation through microbial metabolism. This review provides an in-depth overview of glycoconjugates, their role in biofilm formation, and their applications in the bioremediation of OP-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, SD Agricultural University, Gujarat, 385506, India
| | - Saurabh Gangola
- School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal Campus, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Geeta Bhandari
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248161, India
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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15
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Microbial-derived glycolipids in the sustainable formulation of biomedical and personal care products: A consideration of the process economics towards commercialization. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Chen Y, Tian X, Li Q, Li Y, Chu J, Hang H, Zhuang Y. Target-site directed rational high-throughput screening system for high sophorolipids production by Candida bombicola. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123856. [PMID: 32707507 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have established a rational and high performance high-throughput screening system to select for a sophorolipids (SLs) high-producing strain of Candida bombicola. Introduction of mutagen combination, relaxation culture and multi-stress significantly improved both mutation and positive mutation rates. A high-performing strain, Ncbio 5, was selected out of 6212 mutants. Final SLs titer, productivity and yield of this strain in 5 L bioreactors were 26.9%, 27.0% and 35.0% higher than in the original strain, respectively. The improved fermentation performance in Ncbio 5 is contributed by the longer production period, higher SLs productivity and more efficient oil utilization. The strategy adopted herein to optimize the high-throughput screening system should be readily extendable to other similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qianhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haifeng Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Li Y, Chen Y, Tian X, Chu J. Advances in sophorolipid-producing strain performance improvement and fermentation optimization technology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10325-10337. [PMID: 33097965 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs), currently one of the most promising biosurfactants, are secondary metabolites produced by many non-pathogenic yeasts, among which Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 is the main sophorolipid-producing strain. SLs have gained much attention since they exhibit anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and other beneficial biological activities. In addition, as biosurfactants, SLs have a low toxicity level and are easily degradable without polluting the environment. However, the production cost of SLs remains high, which hinders the industrialization process of SL production. This paper describes SL structure and the metabolic pathway of SL synthesis firstly. Furthermore, we analyze factors that contribute to the higher production cost of SLs and summarize current research status on the advancement of SL production based on two aspects: (1) the improvement of strain performance and (2) the optimization of fermentation process. Further prospects of lowering the cost of SL production are also discussed in order to achieve larger-scale SL production with a high yield at a low cost. KEY POINTS: • Review of advances in strain performance improvement and fermentation optimization. • High-throughput screening and metabolic engineering for high-performance strains. • Low-cost substrates and semi-continuous strategies for efficient SL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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