1
|
Nokhbatolfoghahaei H, Bohlouli M, Adavi K, Paknejad Z, Rezai Rad M, Khani MM, Salehi-Nik N, Khojasteh A. Computational modeling of media flow through perfusion-based bioreactors for bone tissue engineering. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:1397-1408. [PMID: 32692276 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920944039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioreactor system has been used in bone tissue engineering in order to simulate dynamic nature of bone tissue environments. Perfusion bioreactors have been reported as the most efficient types of shear-loading bioreactor. Also, combination of forces, such as rotation plus perfusion, has been reported to enhance cell growth and osteogenic differentiation. Mathematical modeling using sophisticated infrastructure processes could be helpful and streamline the development of functional grafts by estimating and defining an effective range of bioreactor settings for better augmentation of tissue engineering. This study is aimed to conduct computational modeling for newly designed bioreactors in order to alleviate the time and material consuming for evaluating bioreactor parameters and effect of fluid flow hydrodynamics (various amounts of shear stress) on osteogenesis. Also, biological assessments were performed in order to validate similar parameters under implementing the perfusion or rotating and perfusion fluid motions in bioreactors' prototype. Finite element method was used to investigate the effect of hydrodynamic of fluid flow inside the bioreactors. The equations used in the simulation to calculate the velocity values and consequently the shear stress values include Navier-Stokes and Brinkman equations. It has been shown that rotational fluid motion in rotating and perfusion bioreactor produces more velocity and shear stress compared with perfusion bioreactor. Moreover, implementing the perfusion together with rotational force in rotating and perfusion bioreactors has been shown to have more cell proliferation and higher activity of alkaline phosphatase enzyme as well as formation of extra cellular matrix sheet, as an indicator of bone-like tissue formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Bohlouli
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Adavi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahrasadat Paknejad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Khani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Salehi-Nik
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faulty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lerman MJ, Muramoto S, Arumugasaamy N, Van Order M, Lembong J, Gerald AG, Gillen G, Fisher JP. Development of surface functionalization strategies for 3D-printed polystyrene constructs. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2566-2578. [PMID: 30821930 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in 3D printing to fabricate culture substrates; however, the surface properties of the scaffold remain pertinent to elicit targeted and expected cell responses. Traditional 2D polystyrene (PS) culture systems typically require surface functionalization (oxidation) to facilitate and encourage cell adhesion. Determining the surface properties which enhance protein adhesion from media and cellular extracellular matrix (ECM) production remains the first step to translating 2D PS systems to a 3D culture surface. Here we show that the presence of carbonyl groups to PS surfaces correlated well with successful adhesion of ECM proteins and sustaining ECM production of deposited human mesenchymal stem cells, if the surface has a water contact angle between 50° and 55°. Translation of these findings to custom-fabricated 3D PS scaffolds reveals carbonyl groups continued to enhance spreading and growth in 3D culture. Cumulatively, these data present a method for 3D printing PS and the design considerations required for understanding cell-material interactions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B:2566-2578, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max J Lerman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shin Muramoto
- Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Navein Arumugasaamy
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineerin, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Michael Van Order
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Josephine Lembong
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineerin, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Anushka G Gerald
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineerin, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Greg Gillen
- Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - John P Fisher
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineerin, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Encapsulated explant in novel low shear perfusion bioreactor improve cell isolation, expansion and colony forming unit. Cell Tissue Bank 2019; 20:25-34. [PMID: 30673903 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-019-09749-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
One of most important issue in the field of regenerative medicine is selection of appropriate cells, scaffolds and bioreactors. The present study aimed to investigate the appropriate method for the isolation of human UC-MSCs cells from explant cultured in alginate scaffold within novel perfusion bioreactor. MSCs were isolated with explant method and CD markers such CD73, CD31, CD90 and CD105 as were analyzed by flow cytometry. The culture chamber of the novel perfusion bioreactor was made from Plexiglas and housed the cell/scaffold constructs in the central part and the medium for the whole culture period. The flow behavior within the bioreactor chamber were performed for closed and open bypass systems. The shear stress profiles simulated using CFD modeling. The fluid flow distribution within the bioreactor chamber was performed in PBS solution containing a blue colorant. UC explants were resuspended in sodium alginate and were allowed to polymerize and placed in the perfusion bioreactor and cultured. MSCs were positive for mesenchymal markers such as CD73 and CD31. All 3D Perfusion bioreactor parts, except peristaltic pump was sterilizable by autoclaving. Results of CFD indicated very low wall shear stress on surface of culture chamber at flow rate 2 ml/min. The maximum wall shear stress was 1.10 × 10-3 m/s = 0.0110 dyne/cm2 (1 Pa = 10 dyne/cm2). The fluid flow distribution within the alginate gel initially exhibited oscillation. In comparison, when encapsulated explants were placed in the perfusion bioreactor, cell proliferation appeared faster (4.6 × 1011 ± 9.2 × 1011) than explants cultures in 2D conventional culture method (3.2 × 1011 ± 1 × 1011). Proliferated cell formed several colonies. Migration of chondrocytes to the periphery of the alginate bead was visible after 1 week of culture. Perfusion bioreactor with low shear stress and alginate hydrogel improve cell isolation and expansion and eliminate cell passaging and enhance colony forming unit of UC-MSCs.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bunpetch V, Zhang ZY, Zhang X, Han S, Zongyou P, Wu H, Hong-Wei O. Strategies for MSC expansion and MSC-based microtissue for bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2017; 196:67-79. [PMID: 29602560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained increasing attention as a potential approach for the treatment of bone injuries due to their multi-lineage differentiation potential and also their ability to recognize and home to damaged tissue sites, secreting bioactive factors that can modulate the immune system and enhance tissue repair. However, a wide gap between the number of MSCs obtainable from the donor site and the number required for implantation, as well as the lack of understanding of MSC functions under different in vitro and in vivo microenvironment, hinders the progression of MSCs toward clinical settings. The clinical translation of MSCs pre-requisites a scalable expansion process for the biomanufacturing of therapeutically qualified cells. This review briefly introduces the features of implanted MSCs to determine the best strategies to optimize their regenerative capacity, as well as the current MSC implantation for bone diseases. Current achievements for expansion of MSCs using various culturing methods, bioreactor technologies, biomaterial platforms, as well as microtissue-based expansion strategies are also discussed, providing new insights into future large-scale MSC expansion and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing Technologies of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510150, China.
| | - Xiaoan Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Han
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Zongyou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Wu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ouyang Hong-Wei
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing Technologies of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510150, China.
| |
Collapse
|