1
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Jahnke JP, Kim D, Wildemuth DJ, Nolla J, Berkow MW, Gwak H, Neyshtadt S, Segal-Peretz T, Frey GL, Chmelka BF. Mesostructured Materials with Controllable Long-Range Orientational Ordering and Anisotropic Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306800. [PMID: 37849390 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic mesophase materials provide a wide range of tunable properties, which are often highly dependent on their nano-, micro-, or meso-scale compositions and structures. Among these are macroscopic orientational order and corresponding anisotropic material properties, the adjustability of which are difficult to achieve. This is due to the complicated transient and coupled transport, chemical reaction, and surface processes that occur during material syntheses. By understanding such processes, general criteria are established and used to prepare diverse mesostructured materials with highly aligned channels with uniform nanometer dimensions and controllable directionalities over macroscopic dimensions and thicknesses. This is achieved by using a micropatterned semipermeable poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamp to manage the rates, directions, and surfaces at which self-assembling phases nucleate and the directions that they grow. This enables mesostructured surfactant-directed silica and titania composites, including with functional guest species, and mesoporous carbons to be prepared with high degrees of hexagonal order, as well as controllable orthogonal macroscopic orientational order. The resulting materials exhibit novel anisotropic properties, as demonstrated by the example of direction-dependent photocurrent generation, and are promising for enhancing the functionality of inorganic-organic nanocomposite materials in separations, catalysis, and energy conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Jahnke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Donghun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Douglas J Wildemuth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jordi Nolla
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), Carrer Jordi Girona 16-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Maxwell W Berkow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Hosu Gwak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shany Neyshtadt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal-Peretz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Gitti L Frey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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2
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Huo H, Zhao W, Duan X, Sun ZY. Control of Diblock Copolyelectrolyte Morphology through Electric Field Application. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Huo
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Wanchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Sun
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining835000, China
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3
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Bending electromechanical actuation mechanism and properties of nanostructured dielectric poly (styrene-b- (ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) / white mineral oil (SEBS/WO) blend elastomers. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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4
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Merekalov AS, Derikov YI, Ezhov AA, Kriksin YA, Erukhimovich IY, Kudryavtsev YV. Orientation control of the hexagonal and lamellar phases in thin block copolymers films using in-plane AC electric field. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Wu J, Chen ST, Li SB, Liu LM, Wang XH, Lang WC. Simulation of Surface-Induced Morphology Transition and Phase Diagram of Linear Triblock Copolymers under Spherical Confinement. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Yun HS, Kim DH, Kwon HG, Choi HK. Centrifugal Force-Induced Alignment in the Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Su Yun
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Gu Kwon
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kyoon Choi
- Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powder, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
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7
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Erukhimovich IY, Kriksin YA, Kudryavtsev YV. Block Copolymers in High-Frequency Electric Field: Mean-Field Approximation. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Müller M, Abetz V. Nonequilibrium Processes in Polymer Membrane Formation: Theory and Experiment. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14189-14231. [PMID: 34032399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous polymer and copolymer membranes are useful for ultrafiltration of functional macromolecules, colloids, and water purification. In particular, block copolymer membranes offer a bottom-up approach to form isoporous membranes. To optimize permeability, selectivity, longevity, and cost, and to rationally design fabrication processes, direct insights into the spatiotemporal structure evolution are necessary. Because of a multitude of nonequilibrium processes in polymer membrane formation, theoretical predictions via continuum models and particle simulations remain a challenge. We compiled experimental observations and theoretical approaches for homo- and block copolymer membranes prepared by nonsolvent-induced phase separation and highlight the interplay of multiple nonequilibrium processes─evaporation, solvent-nonsolvent exchange, diffusion, hydrodynamic flow, viscoelasticity, macro- and microphase separation, and dynamic arrest─that dictates the complex structure of the membrane on different scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Müller
- Georg-August Universität, Institut für Theoretische Physik, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institut für Membranforschung, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.,Universität Hamburg, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Merekalov AS, Derikov YI, Artemov VV, Ezhov AA, Kudryavtsev YV. Vertical Cylinder-to-Lamella Transition in Thin Block Copolymer Films Induced by In-Plane Electric Field. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3959. [PMID: 34833258 PMCID: PMC8622010 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphological transition between hexagonal and lamellar patterns in thin polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) films simultaneously exposed to a strong in-plane electric field and saturated solvent vapor is studied with atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. In these conditions, standing cylinders made of 4-vinyl pyridine blocks arrange into threads up to tens of microns long along the field direction and then partially merge into standing lamellas. In the course of rearrangement, the copolymer remains strongly segregated, with the minor component domains keeping connectivity between the film surfaces. The ordering tendency becomes more pronounced if the cylinders are doped with Au nanorods, which can increase their dielectric permittivity. Non-selective chloroform vapor works particularly well, though it causes partial etching of the indium tin oxide cathode. On the contrary, 1,4-dioxane vapor selective to polystyrene matrix does not allow for any morphological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S. Merekalov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.I.D.); (A.A.E.)
| | - Yaroslav I. Derikov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.I.D.); (A.A.E.)
| | - Vladimir V. Artemov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander A. Ezhov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.I.D.); (A.A.E.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.I.D.); (A.A.E.)
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Robertson M, Zhou Q, Ye C, Qiang Z. Developing Anisotropy in Self-Assembled Block Copolymers: Methods, Properties, and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100300. [PMID: 34272778 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) self-assembly has continually attracted interest as a means to provide bottom-up control over nanostructures. While various methods have been demonstrated for efficiently ordering BCP nanodomains, most of them do not generically afford control of nanostructural orientation. For many applications of BCPs, such as energy storage, microelectronics, and separation membranes, alignment of nanodomains is a key requirement for enabling their practical use or enhancing materials performance. This review focuses on summarizing research progress on the development of anisotropy in BCP systems, covering a variety of topics from established aligning techniques, resultant material properties, and the associated applications. Specifically, the significance of aligning nanostructures and the anisotropic properties of BCPs is discussed and highlighted by demonstrating a few promising applications. Finally, the challenges and outlook are presented to further implement aligned BCPs into practical nanotechnological applications, where exciting opportunities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Robertson
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Qingya Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Changhuai Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
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11
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Diaz J, Pinna M, Zvelindovsky AV, Pagonabarraga I. Parallel Hybrid Simulations of Block Copolymer Nanocomposites using Coarray Fortran. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Diaz
- CECAM Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Batochime ‐ Avenue Forel 2 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Marco Pinna
- Centre for Computational Physics University of Lincoln Brayford Pool Lincoln LN6 7TS UK
| | | | - Ignacio Pagonabarraga
- CECAM Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Batochime ‐ Avenue Forel 2 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
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12
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Zhang H, Wang B, Wang G, Shen C, Chen J, Reiter G, Zhang B. Dewetting-Induced Alignment and Ordering of Cylindrical Mesophases in Thin Block Copolymer Films. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Binghua Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Günter Reiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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13
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Macromolecular engineering approach for the preparation of new architectures from fluorinated olefins and their applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Boni FR, Ferreira FV, Pinheiro IF, Rocco SA, Sforça ML, Lona LMF. Synthesis and analysis of phase segregation of polystyrene‐
block
‐poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymer obtained by Steglich esterification from semitelechelic blocks of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate). J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe R. Boni
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Filipe V. Ferreira
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivanei F. Pinheiro
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Silvana A. Rocco
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio)Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mauricio L. Sforça
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio)Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Liliane M. F. Lona
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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15
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16
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Müller M. Process-directed self-assembly of copolymers: Results of and challenges for simulation studies. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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18
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Chen L, Wang S, Yu Q, Topham PD, Chen C, Wang L. A comprehensive review of electrospinning block copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:2490-2510. [PMID: 30860535 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning provides a versatile and cost-effective route for the generation of continuous nanofibres with high surface area-to-volume ratio from various polymers. In parallel, block copolymers (BCPs) are promising candidates for many diverse applications, where nanoscale operation is exploited, owing to their intrinsic self-assembling behaviour at these length scales. Judicious combination of BCPs (with their ability to make nanosized domains at equilibrium) and electrospinning (with its ability to create nano- and microsized fibres and particles) allows one to create BCPs with high surface area-to-volume ratio to deliver higher efficiency or efficacy in their given application. Here, we give a comprehensive overview of the wide range of reports on BCP electrospinning with focus placed on the use of molecular design alongside control over specific electrospinning type and post-treatment methodologies to control the properties of the resultant fibrous materials. Particular attention is paid to the applications of these materials, most notably, their use as biomaterials, separation membranes, sensors, and electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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19
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Sidler D, Bleiziffer P, Riniker S. Beyond the Rosenfeld Equation: Computation of Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectra for Anisotropic Solutions. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:2492-2503. [PMID: 30802403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The difference in absorption of left and right circularly polarized light by chiral molecules can be described by the Rosenfeld equation for isotropic samples. It allows the assignment of the absolute stereochemistry by comparing experimental and computationally derived spectra. Despite the simple form of the Rosenfeld equation, its evaluation in the infrared regime remained challenging, as the contribution from the magnetic dipole operator is zero within the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. In order to resolve this issue, "beyond BO" theories had to be developed, among which Stephen's magnetic field perturbation (MFP) approach offers a computationally easily accessible form. In this work, optical activity is discussed for cylindrically symmetric solutions, which cannot be described anymore by Rosenfeld's equation due to broken spherical symmetry. Mathematical properties of natural and electric-field induced anisotropies are discussed on the basis of the gauge-independent theoretical framework of Buckingham and Dunn. The issue of achiral noise arising from external field perturbations is considered, and potential remedies are introduced. Natural anisotropic vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) equations are solved numerically by applying the MFP approach within the Hartree-Fock (HF) formalism. Properties of anisotropic VCD spectra are discussed for R-(+)-methyloxirane and (1 S,2 S)-cyclopropane-1,2-dicarbonitrile. In particular, by using a group theoretical argument, a gauge-independent lower bound for the quadrupole contribution of C2-symmetric molecules can be identified, which allows the importance of additional quadrupole terms in anisotropic VCD spectra calculation to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Sidler
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Patrick Bleiziffer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Sereina Riniker
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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20
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Kriisa A, Roth CB. Jumping In and Out of the Phase Diagram Using Electric Fields: Time Scale for Remixing of Polystyrene/Poly(vinyl methyl ether) Blends. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:188-192. [PMID: 35619428 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate it is possible to repeatedly jump polystyrene (PS)/poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) blends from the one-phase to two-phase region by simply turning on and off an electric field at a fixed temperature near the phase boundary. This builds on our previous work that established electric fields enhance the miscibility of PS/PVME blends by shifting the phase separation temperature TS(E) of 50/50 blends up by 13.5 ± 1.4 K when field strengths of E = 1.7 × 107 V/m are applied (J. Chem. Phys. 2014, 141, 134908). Monitoring the early stages of phase separation and remixing by fluorescence, we measure the remixing time scale τ(T) with and without electric fields, finding τ(T) is unchanged by the presence of the field and well fit by a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann expression. These observations are consistent with a mobility-limited process several degrees from the phase boundary where electric fields have shifted the miscibility transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Kriisa
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Connie B. Roth
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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21
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Jung D, Rivas N, Harting J. How antagonistic salts cause nematic ordering and behave like diblock copolymers. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:064912. [PMID: 30769987 DOI: 10.1063/1.5085660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present simulation results and an explanatory theory on how antagonistic salts affect the spinodal decomposition of binary fluid mixtures. We find that spinodal decomposition is arrested and complex structures form only when electrostatic ion-ion interactions are small. In this case, the fluid and ion concentrations couple and the charge field can be approximated as a polynomial function of the relative fluid concentrations alone. When the solvation energy associated with transferring an ion from one fluid phase to the other is of the order of a few kBT, the coupled fluid and charge fields evolve according to the Ohta-Kawasaki free energy functional. This allows us to accurately predict structure sizes and reduce the parameter space to two dimensionless numbers. The lamellar structures induced by the presence of the antagonistic salt in our simulations exhibit a high degree of nematic ordering and the growth of ordered domains over time follows a power law. This power law carries a time exponent proportional to the salt concentration. We qualitatively reproduce and interpret neutron scattering data from previous experiments of similar systems. The dissolution of structures at high salt concentrations observed in these experiments agrees with our simulations, and we explain it as the result of a vanishing surface tension due to electrostatic contributions. We conclude by presenting 3D results showing the same morphologies as predicted by the Ohta-Kawasaki model as a function of volume fraction and suggesting that our findings from 2D systems remain valid in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jung
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Rivas
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jens Harting
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
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22
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Chen Y, Xu Q, Jin Y, Qian X, Ma R, Liu J, Yang D. Shear-induced parallel and transverse alignments of cylinders in thin films of diblock copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6635-6647. [PMID: 29999081 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00833g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Coarse-grained Langevin dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the alignment behavior of monolayer films of cylinder-forming diblock copolymers under steady shear, a structure of significant importance for many technical applications such as nanopatterning. The influences of shear conditions, the interactions involved in the films, and the initial morphology of the cylinder-forming phase were examined. Our results showed that above a critical shear rate, the cylinders can align either along the shearing direction or transverse (log-rolling) to the shearing direction depending on the relative strength between the interchain attraction in the cylinders (εAA) and the surface attraction of the confining walls with the film (εBW). To understand the underlying mechanism, the microscopic properties of the films under shear were systematically investigated. It was found that at low εAA/εBW, the majority blocks of the diblock polymer that are adsorbed on the confining walls prefer to move synchronously with the walls, inducing the cylinder-forming blocks to align along the flow direction. When εAA/εBW is above a threshold value, a strong attraction between the cylinder-forming blocks restrains their movement during shear, leading to the log-rolling motions of the cylinders. To predict the threshold εAA/εBW, we developed an approach based on equilibrium thermodynamics data and found good agreement with our shear simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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23
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Wang RY, Huang J, Guo XS, Cao XH, Zou SF, Tong ZZ, Xu JT, Du BY, Fan ZQ. Closed-Loop Phase Behavior of Block Copolymers in the Presence of Competitive Hydrogen-Bonding and Coulombic Interaction. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Han Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shu-Fen Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zai-Zai Tong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jun-Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bin-Yang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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24
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Isapour G, Lattuada M. Bioinspired Stimuli-Responsive Color-Changing Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707069. [PMID: 29700857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive colors are a unique characteristic of certain animals, evolved as either a method to hide from enemies and prey or to communicate their presence to rivals or mates. From a material science perspective, the solutions developed by Mother Nature to achieve these effects are a source of inspiration to scientists for decades. Here, an updated overview of the literature on bioinspired stimuli-responsive color-changing systems is provided. Starting from natural systems, which are the source of inspiration, a classification of the different solutions proposed is given, based on the stimuli used to trigger the color-changing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Isapour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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25
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Martin JM, Li W, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH. SCFT Study of Diblock Copolymer Melts in Electric Fields: Selective Stabilization of Orthorhombic Fddd Network Phase. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Wang RY, Guo XS, Fan B, Zou SF, Cao XH, Tong ZZ, Xu JT, Du BY, Fan ZQ. Design and Regulation of Lower Disorder-to-Order Transition Behavior in the Strongly Interacting Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bin Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shu-Fen Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Han Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zai-Zai Tong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jun-Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bin-Yang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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27
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Sun T, Tang P, Qiu F, Yang Y, Shi AC. Formation of Single Gyroid Nanostructure by Order-Order Phase Transition Path in ABC Triblock Terpolymers. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201700023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yuliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
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28
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Tharmavaram M, Rawtani D, Pandey G. Fabrication routes for one-dimensional nanostructures via block copolymers. NANO CONVERGENCE 2017; 4:12. [PMID: 28546902 PMCID: PMC5423919 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-017-0106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is the field which deals with fabrication of materials with dimensions in the nanometer range by manipulating atoms and molecules. Various synthesis routes exist for the one, two and three dimensional nanostructures. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the usage of block copolymers for the synthesis of such nanostructures. Block copolymers are versatile polymers with unique properties and come in many types and shapes. Their properties are highly dependent on the blocks of the copolymers, thus allowing easy tunability of its properties. This review briefly focusses on the use of block copolymers for synthesizing one-dimensional nanostructures especially nanowires, nanorods, nanoribbons and nanofibers. Template based, lithographic, and solution based approaches are common approaches in the synthesis of nanowires, nanorods, nanoribbons, and nanofibers. Synthesis of metal, metal oxides, metal oxalates, polymer, and graphene one dimensional nanostructures using block copolymers have been discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maithri Tharmavaram
- Institute of Research & Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Sector 18-A, Near Police Bhavan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007 India
| | - Deepak Rawtani
- Institute of Research & Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Sector 18-A, Near Police Bhavan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007 India
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Institute of Research & Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Sector 18-A, Near Police Bhavan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007 India
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29
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Mukherjee A, Ankit K, Reiter A, Selzer M, Nestler B. Electric-field-induced lamellar to hexagonally perforated lamellar transition in diblock copolymer thin films: kinetic pathways. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25609-25620. [PMID: 27722519 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04903f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Symmetric block-copolymers, hitherto, are well known to evolve into parallel, perpendicular and mixed lamellar morphologies under the concomitant influence of an electric field and substrate affinity. In the present work, we show that an additional imposed confinement can effectuate a novel parallel lamellar to hexagonally perforated lamellar (HPL) transition in monolayer and bilayer films. Three dimensional numerical studies are performed using the Ohta-Kawasaki functional, complemented with an exact solution of Maxwell's equation. HPL is shown to stabilize at large substrate affinity in a narrow region of the phase diagram between parallel and perpendicular lamellar transitions in ultra-thin films. Additionally, we also identify perforated lamellae as intermediate structures during parallel-to-perpendicular lamellar transition. A systematic analysis using Minkowski functionals yields deeper insights into the associated kinetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Mukherjee
- Institute of Materials and Processes, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestr. 30, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany. and Institute of Applied Materials - Computational Materials Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Haid-und-Neu str. 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kumar Ankit
- Institute of Applied Materials - Computational Materials Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Haid-und-Neu str. 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Reiter
- Institute of Applied Materials - Computational Materials Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Haid-und-Neu str. 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Selzer
- Institute of Materials and Processes, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestr. 30, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany. and Institute of Applied Materials - Computational Materials Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Haid-und-Neu str. 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Britta Nestler
- Institute of Materials and Processes, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestr. 30, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany. and Institute of Applied Materials - Computational Materials Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Haid-und-Neu str. 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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