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Marques S, Ribeiro P, Gama C, Herrero-Climent M. Digital guided veneer preparation: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:554-559. [PMID: 36028339 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a digital workflow for ceramic veneer preparation using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. A digital waxing was planned on the exocad software program to reestablish esthetic and functional parameters. Then, the digital guides for veneer preparation were designed by using the Meshmixer design software program to control the tooth structure removed during preparation to the minimal thickness necessary for the definitive restorations. The digital guides were printed in an additively manufactured clear resin and used in the preparation appointment, allowing a more conservative and controlled preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Marques
- Doctoral student, Egas Moniz University Institute, MSc in Oral Rehabilitation, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal; Educator, Advanced Dental Education, Lisbon, Portugal; Student PhD in Oral Sciences, Health Department, Sevilla University, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Paulo Ribeiro
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Health Sciences, FP-I3ID, FCS, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gama
- Doctoral Student, Oral Health Department, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal
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Parhofer R, Rau A, Strobel K, Gölz L, Stark R, Ritschl LM, Wolff KD, Kesting MR, Grill FD, Seidel CL. The impact of passive alveolar molding vs. nasoalveolar molding on cleft width and other parameters of maxillary growth in unilateral cleft lip palate. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5001-5009. [PMID: 37353667 PMCID: PMC10492684 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Passive alveolar molding (PAM) and nasoalveolar molding (NAM) are established presurgical infant orthodontic (PSIO) therapies for cleft lip palate (CLP) patients. PAM guides maxillary growth with a modified Hotz appliance, while NAM also uses extraoral taping and includes nasal stents. The effects of these techniques on alveolar arch growth have rarely been compared. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively compared 3D-scanned maxillary models obtained before and after PSIO from infants with unilateral, non-syndromic CLP treated with PAM (n = 16) versus NAM (n = 13). Nine anatomical points were set digitally by four raters and transversal/sagittal distances and rotations of the maxilla were measured. RESULTS Both appliances reduced the anterior cleft, but NAM percentage wise more. NAM decreased the anterior and medial transversal width compared to PAM, which led to no change. With both appliances, the posterior width increased. The alveolar arch length of the great and small segments and the sagittal length of the maxilla increased with PAM but only partially with NAM. However, NAM induced a significant greater medial rotation of the larger and smaller segment compared to PAM with respect to the lateral angle. CONCLUSIONS NAM and PAM presented some significant differences regarding maxillary growth. While NAM reduced the anterior cleft and effectively rotated the segments medially, PAM allowed more transversal and sagittal growth. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of this study should be taken into consideration when to decide whether to use PAM or NAM, since they show a different outcome within the first few months. Further studies are necessary regarding long-term differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Parhofer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gückstr. 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Rau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Operations, Universität Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 8, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karin Strobel
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gückstr. 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gückstr. 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renée Stark
- Institute for Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Lucas M. Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Lagerstr. 3, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Lagerstr. 3, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marco R. Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gückstr. 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian D. Grill
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Lagerstr. 3, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna L. Seidel
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität (LMU) München, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Xiao Z, Chen G, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gu Y. Perceptual difference of smile aesthetics between 2-dimensional photographs and 3-dimensional dentofacial images: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:104. [PMID: 36797718 PMCID: PMC9933254 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the perceptual difference of smile aesthetics between 2D photographs and 3D dentofacial images as perceived by orthodontists and graduate students. METHODS Forty-eight subjects finished orthodontic treatment were recruited with 2D photographs of frontal, oblique and lateral views as well as 3D dentofacial images. Twelve senior orthodontists and 13 postgraduate students were asked to rate the 2D and 3D smile simulations based on visual analog scale (VAS) and to vote for smile features that affect the attractiveness of smile. At the end, they completed a questionnaire about their views on different smile simulations. Wilcoxon signed-rank, Bland-Altman analysis, and multiple linear regression were used to compare the ratings and votes of smile perception between raters and between records. RESULTS Orthodontists and postgraduate students rated smile consistently with 2D photographs, while orthodontists tended to give a higher rate for unattractive smiles and a lower rate for attractive smiles with 3D dentofacial images. The 3D dentofacial images were rated significantly lower than 2D photographs and the voting of most of the smile features showed significant negative main effect on VAS scores, while the effect of demographic characteristics of raters, voting on visible width of upper dentition and buccal corridor was not significant. In addition, a significant negative main effect of commissure and facial profile was found on the rating discrepancy between 2D and 3D images. CONCLUSIONS Senior orthodontists tend to perceived 3D images more conservatively in smile evaluation. 3D dentofacial images were rated lower than 2D photographs and most of the smile features affect the aesthetic perception of smile. The perceptual difference of commissure and facial profile contributed to the lower ratings in 3D dentofacial images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxing Xiao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui Chen
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijiao Zhao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease % National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease % National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Gu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Valenti M, Schmitz JH, Cortellini D, Valenti A, Canale A. A diagnostically and digitally driven tooth preparation protocol by using a patient monitoring tool with an intraoral scanner. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:7-13. [PMID: 34045048 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Finding the right balance between the preservation of tooth structure and providing adequate space for the restorative material is a major challenge in prosthetic dentistry. A technique is presented using the patient monitoring tool available in standard software programs of an intraoral scanner to constantly monitor preparation dimensions in relation to the optimal definitive restoration.
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Rehabilitation of Worn Dentition with Direct Resin Composite Restorations: A Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10040051. [PMID: 35448045 PMCID: PMC9032751 DOI: 10.3390/dj10040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of tooth wear has steadily increased in all Western populations during the past decades. A through-care strategy, extendable for a lifetime, has become crucial to prevent the extensive loss of sound dental structure and to make an eventual retreatment affordable in the long term. An interceptive treatment using resin composite materials and no-preparation approaches meets these requirements. Moreover, continual developments in digital dentistry makes possible to predict the treatment plan for the restorative rehabilitation of the mouth. The availability of digital resources allows clinicians to increase predictability for excellent esthetics and good functional results. This article provides a step-by-step description of a full-mouth additive rehabilitation achieved by employing digital workflows and direct resin composite restorations. A comprehensive functional and esthetic evaluation of the treatment is proposed and discussed.
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Bueno MG, Tribst JPM, Borges ALS. Canine guidance reconstruction with ceramic or composite resin: A 3D finite element analysis and in vitro wear study. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 127:765.e1-765.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhu J, Gao J, Jia L, Tan X, Xie C, Yu H. Shear bond strength of ceramic laminate veneers to finishing surfaces with different percentages of preserved enamel under a digital guided method. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:3. [PMID: 34996438 PMCID: PMC8742459 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of the percentages of preserved enamel on ceramic laminate veneers’ (CLVs) shear bond strength (SBS). Methods Seventy extracted human maxillary central incisors were scanned and reconstructed into three-dimensional models. The extracted teeth were then embedded and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10 per group). Based on digital analyses of the three-dimensional models, guided tooth preparation and bonding procedures were performed individually to form seven different percentages (100%, 80%, 60% 50%, 40%, 20% and 0%) of remaining enamel thickness on the bonding surface. Finally, the SBS test was performed, and the data were statistically analysed by one-way ANOVA with LSD post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results The complete enamel surface exhibited the highest SBS (19.93 ± 4.55 MPa), followed by 80% enamel (19.03 ± 3.66 MPa), 60% enamel (18.44 ± 3.65 MPa), 50% enamel (18.18 ± 3.41 MPa), 40% enamel (17.83 ± 3.01 MPa) and 20% enamel (11.32 ± 3.42 MPa) group. The lowest SBS (9.63 ± 3.46 MPa) was detected in 0% enamel group. No significant difference was observed among the 40–100% enamel groups, while the 20% or 0% enamel group demonstrated a significantly lower mean SBS than the 40% enamel group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The SBS value of CLVs bonded to 100% enamel on the finishing surfaces (nearly 20 MPa) was twice that which bonded to 0% enamel (nearly 10 MPa). Bonding to 100% enamel is the most reliable treatment. When dentin exposure is inevitable, enamel should be preserved as much as possible to maintain good bonding. In addition, 40% of preserved enamel on the bonding surface was the minimal acceptable value to fulfil the requirements of good bonding strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road, 3rd section, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road, 3rd section, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luming Jia
- BYBO Dental Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road, 3rd section, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Xie
- Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road, 3rd section, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Wang S, Zhao W, Ye H, Liu Y, Zhou Y. Preliminary application and evaluation of digital step-by-step tooth-preparation templates. J Prosthet Dent 2021:S0022-3913(21)00504-7. [PMID: 34702585 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Tooth preparation is a fundamental technique, and inaccurate preparation may lead to excessive irreversible tooth removal or insufficient restorative space. The conventional process depends mostly on operator experience, and variable quality is inevitable. Whether a tooth preparation template would be beneficial, especially for inexperienced dentists, is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the application of new digitally designed step-by-step templates to guide tooth preparation. MATERIAL AND METHODS A laboratory scanner was used to obtain digital scans of dental casts. A 3-dimensional reverse engineering software program was used for the step-by-step digital design. The data for a series of guide templates were imported into a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) machine for milling. Ten experts and 10 inexperienced dentists prepared teeth on a dentoform in a mannequin head. They were instructed to complete the preparation within 20 minutes both with and without the step-by-step template. The prepared crowns were subsequently scanned with an intraoral scanner, the scans were imported into a preparation evaluation software program, and various indexes were scored. The t test was used to analyze the differences between the 2 methods of tooth preparation in each group (α=.05). RESULTS No significant differences were found in total scores with and without the guide templates in the expert group (P=.256), but the scores in the inexperienced group differed significantly between the 2 preparation methods (P<.001). In undercut comparisons, the 2 methods of preparation did not differ significantly in the expert (P=.912) or inexperienced groups (P=.601). However, the scores for taper and occlusal reduction were significantly higher in the inexperienced group when using the guide template (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The new digitally designed step-by-step tooth preparation guide template significantly improved the efficiency and quality of tooth preparation for inexperienced dentists when preparing multiple teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- Technician, Dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ye
- Associate professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
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Lee JH. Chairside fabrication of a tooth reduction guide to ensure adequate occlusal clearance. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 127:515-516. [PMID: 33309212 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyoung Lee
- Associate Professor, Department of Predoctoral Clinical Education, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Associate Professor, Daegu Dental Clinic Center for the Disabled, Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Gao J, Li J, Liu C, Fan L, Yu J, Yu H. A stereolithographic template for computer-assisted teeth preparation in dental esthetic ceramic veneer treatment. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 32:763-769. [PMID: 32851792 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article describes a digital dental esthetic ceramic veneer treatment workflow using a stereolithographic template for teeth preparation. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS We have presented the case of a 33-year-old woman with dental fluorosis who wanted an esthetic ceramic veneer treatment. A digital smile design was created on a virtual patient, and a virtual diagnostic wax-up was made. Based on the suggested ceramic material thickness, virtual teeth preparation was performed on the diagnostic wax-up. A special-teeth preparation template was then created digitally and fabricated using a stereolithographic technique. This template guided the teeth preparation using a special bur with a stopper. The veneers were fabricated by CAD/CAM and delivered good esthetics and function. CONCLUSIONS The stereolithographic tooth reduction template helps realize digital restorative planning. It provides better control of the reduction depth of the labial and incisal preparation, making the operation simpler. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The digital dental esthetic ceramic veneer treatment workflow described here using a stereolithographic template for teeth preparation helped with the accurate control of reduction depth for minimally invasive teeth preparation, making the operation simpler, which is a significant improvement over the previous methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chunxu Liu
- Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Graf D, Qazzazie A, Hanemann T. Investigations on the Processing of Ceramic Filled Inks for 3D InkJet Printing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2587. [PMID: 32517077 PMCID: PMC7321631 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
3D inkjet printing is moving from a technology of rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing. The introduction of ultraviolet curable composites filled with functional ceramics could expand the possibilities of this technology. In this work, a simple and scalable process was investigated as a template for the production of inkjet printable functional ceramics. Pyrogenic alumina particles with an average size of 13 nm, 35 nm and 100 nm were used as fillers in an acrylate mixture. The physical coating of the ceramics with 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy] acetic acid results in a low-viscosity dispersion with a ceramic content of up to 2 vol%, Newtonian behavior and surface tension within the limits allowed for inkjet printing. The material has sufficient stability for printing tensile specimens. Tensile tests have shown that modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and toughness can be kept constant despite the light scatter caused by the particles. The final production steps could be reduced to grinding and drying of the powders, their resuspension in the organic matrix and inkjet printing. The process can be used in an industrial-scale production of materials for abrasion-resistant components with adapted tribology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Graf
- Laboratory for Materials Processing, University of Freiburg, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.Q.); (T.H.)
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Afnan Qazzazie
- Laboratory for Materials Processing, University of Freiburg, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.Q.); (T.H.)
| | - Thomas Hanemann
- Laboratory for Materials Processing, University of Freiburg, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.Q.); (T.H.)
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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