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Wu Z, Sun K, Wang W, Xue Q, Tonin BSH, Watts DC, Fu J, Wang H. Characterization of dental light-curing resin composites incorporating multiple modified low-shrink monomers. Dent Mater 2024; 40:1244-1251. [PMID: 38871527 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polymerization shrinkage poses a significant challenge in dental resin composites. The objective of this study is to introduce spiroorthocarbonate monomer 3,9-dimethylene-1,3,5,7-tetraoxa-spiro[5,5]undecane (BMSOC) and epoxy resin monomer 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate (ECHM-ECHC) into bisphenol-S-bis(3-methacrylato-2-hydroxy propyl)ether (BisS-GMA) based resin composites to develop composites with reduced shrinkage properties. METHODS BMSOC and BisS-GMA were synthesized and thoroughly mixed with ECHM-ECHC, followed by inorganic fillers and photoinitiators. Based on the composition of the resin matrix, five groups of experimental composites were prepared, with traditional bisphenol A-dimethacrylate glycidyl ester (Bis-GMA)/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) based composite serving as the control. The polymerization properties, including degree of conversion (DC) and polymerization shrinkage (PS), as well as marginal microleakage, wettability, flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), and biocompatibility were evaluated. RESULTS The results demonstrated that compared with the control group, the PS of BisS-GMA based composites containing BMSOC and ECHM-ECHC were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the lowest PS (0.96 ± 0.08 %) was observed when the ratio of BisS-GMA: (Epoxy + BMSOC) was 4:6. Additionally, the experimental composites also exhibited improved DC, minimal microleakage, low hydrophilicity, enhanced mechanical properties, qualified in vivo biocompatibility, and slight/moderate in vitro biocompatibility. SIGNIFICANCE The resin composites incorporating multiple modified low-shrink monomers are promising for dental applications to prevent various clinical problems caused by PS and extend restoration longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000 Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenshun Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000 Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000 Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040904 SP, Brazil
| | - David C Watts
- University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000 Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zhou Z, Li A, Sun K, Guo D, Li T, Lu J, Tonin BSH, Ye Z, Watts DC, Wang T, Fu J. Synthesis of a novel monomer "DDTU-IDI" for the development of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. Dent Mater 2024; 40:608-618. [PMID: 38369405 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current dental resin composites often suffer from polymerization shrinkage, which can lead to microleakage and potentially result in recurring tooth decay. This study presents the synthesis of a novel monomer, (3,9-diethyl-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro[5,5]undecane-3,9-diyl)bis(methylene) bis((2-(3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)carbamate) (DDTU-IDI), and evaluates its effect in the formulation of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. METHODS DDTU-IDI was synthesized through a two-step reaction route, with the initial synthesis of the required raw material monomer 3,9-diethyl-3,9-dihydroxymethyl-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro-[5,5] undecane (DDTU). The structures were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) spectroscopy. Subsequently, DDTU-IDI was incorporated into Bis-GMA-based composites at varying weight percentages (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The polymerization reaction, degree of conversion, polymerization shrinkage, mechanical properties, physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the low-shrinkage composites were thoroughly evaluated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were assessed after a thermal cycling test with 10,000 cycles to determine the stability. RESULTS The addition of DDTU-IDI at 10, 15, and 20 wt% significantly reduced the polymerization volumetric shrinkage of the experimental resin composites, without compromising the degree of conversion, mechanical and physicochemical properties. Remarkably, at a monomer content of 20 wt%, the polymerization shrinkage was reduced to 1.83 ± 0.53%. Composites containing 10, 15, and 20 wt% DDTU-IDI exhibited lower water sorption and higher contact angle. Following thermal cycling, the composites exhibited no significant decrease in mechanical properties, except for the flexural properties. SIGNIFICANCE DDTU-IDI has favorable potential as a component which could produce volume expansion and increase rigidity in the development of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. The development of low-shrinkage composites containing DDTU-IDI appears to be a promising strategy for reducing polymerization shrinkage, thereby potentially enhancing the longevity of dental restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Aihua Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040904, SP, Brazil
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - David C Watts
- University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Yao S, Zhao J, Zhou C, Wu J. Development of low-shrinkage dental adhesives via blending with spiroorthocarbonate expanding monomer and unsaturated epoxy resin monomer. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 133:105308. [PMID: 35709601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization shrinkage is one of the main drawbacks of dental resin adhesives. In this study, spiroorthocarbonate expanding monomer 3,9-diethyl-3,9-dimethylol -1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro-[5,5] undecane (DDTU) and unsaturated epoxy resin monomer Diallyl bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DBDE) were synthesized and utilized as anti-shrinkage-coupling additive of methacrylate-based adhesives. Polymerization process and physicochemical properties including double bond conversion, polymerization shrinkage, compatibility, mechanical performance, thermal stability, contact angle, shear bond strength and cytotoxicity were characterized. Results indicated that adhesives containing anti-shrinkage-coupling additive had reduced volume shrinkage, improved compatibility and enhanced shear bond strength. When the amount of additive was 20 wt%, the volume shrinkage was decreased by 45.8% (4.17 ± 0.32%) and the shear bond strength was increased by 49.6% (19.64 ± 0.99 MPa). The results also showed that the use of additive had no adversely affect on double bond conversion and cytotoxicity. Therefore, novel low-shrinkage resin adhesives were prepared via blending with spiroorthocarbonate expanding monomer and unsaturated epoxy resin monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghua Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shuo Yao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Chuanjian Zhou
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Junling Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Ishii R, Takamizawa T, Katsuki S, Iwase K, Shoji M, Sai K, Tsujimoto A, Miyazaki M. Immediate bond performance of resin composite luting systems to saliva-contaminated enamel and dentin in different curing modes. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12854. [PMID: 35072971 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate shear bond strength of resin composite luting systems to tooth with or without saliva contamination in different curing modes. The Knoop hardness number of the resin composite luting agents was measured. Four combinations of resin composite luting systems were used. The shear bond strength to bovine teeth was measured with and without saliva contamination in different curing modes at different storage periods. The Knoop hardness number of the resin composite luting agents was also evaluated. Significantly lower enamel and dentin shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number values were observed in all resin composite luting systems at 5 min versus 24 h, regardless of the curing mode or saliva contamination. The influence of the curing mode of the resin composite luting systems on shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number was dependent on material. For the saliva contamination conditions, only G-CEM ONE EM did not show any significant difference in shear bond strength among the groups with and without saliva contamination, regardless of curing mode, storage period, or tooth substrate. All the resin composite luting systems showed lower shear bond strengths and Knoop hardness number values immediately after setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ishii
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takamizawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Katsuki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Iwase
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mone Shoji
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sai
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Pulido C, Gomes OM, Loguercio AD, Dávila-Sánchez A, Camilotti F, da Cruz GK, Arrais CAG. How the translucency of direct anatomic fiber posts affects the bond strength and microhardness of a self-adhesive luting agent in flared roots. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4447-4456. [PMID: 35166941 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of the composite resin translucency used in direct anatomic fiber posts on the bond strength (BS) and microhardness (VHN) of a luting agent into flared roots. MATERIALS AND METHODS The root canals of 70 single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated and prepared to simulate an oversized root canal. Prior to post cementation, composite resins with varying translucency (high translucent, HT; medium translucent, MT; high opacity, HO) were placed around the fiber posts to create anatomic fiber posts. The attenuation profile (%) of light passing either through the post or through the anatomic posts (n = 8) was obtained prior to the cementing procedures. A positive control group (PC) in which a prefabricated fiber post (PFP) with the diameter compatible with the root canal was cemented and a poorly adapted fiber post (negative control group, NC) were also evaluated. For both tests, the data were subjected to 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS A more severe light attenuation through the post at the cervical (P < .001) and medium (P < 0.001) thirds was noted when less translucent composite resin surrounded the anatomic post. HO groups showed lower BS (P = .009) and VHN (P < .001) values than the other groups, regardless of root third. No significant difference in BS values was noted between PC and HT groups. CONCLUSION The use of a more translucent composite resin in anatomic fiber posts increased the microhardness and bond strength of a dual polymerization self-adhesive RLA compared to the use of MT and HO composite. A well-adapted PFP showed the highest adhesive and mechanical behavior. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians should choose more translucent composite resins to create direct anatomic fiber posts to be cemented in flared root canals. That choice may allow improved mechanical properties of self-adhesive RLA and higher bond strength to the root canal as a consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Pulido
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Diego de Robles Y Av. Interoceánica, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador, 170901.
| | - Osnara Mongruel Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Dourado Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andrés Dávila-Sánchez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Diego de Robles Y Av. Interoceánica, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador, 170901
| | - Fernando Camilotti
- Department of Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Galvão Arrais
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Serino G, Comba A, Baldi A, Carossa M, Baldissara P, Bignardi C, Audenino A, Torres CGR, Scotti N. Could light-curing time, post-space region and cyclic fatigue affect the nanomechanical behavior of a dual-curing cement for fiber post luting? J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104886. [PMID: 34695660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of curing time, post-space region and cyclic fatigue on the micromechanical properties of a fiber-post luting cement. The null hypotheses were that (1) curing time, (2) fatigue and (3) post-space region does not affect the nanoindentation modulus and hardness of the dual-curing cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS 48 premolars were endodontically treated and a class I cavity and 8 mm deep post space was prepared. Fiber posts were luted with a universal, dualized adhesive system and a dual-curing cement following manufacturer's instructions. Specimens were divided into three groups (16 specimens for each group) according to light-curing time (no light-curing, 20 s light-curing and 120 s light-curing), which was performed with a LED lamp at 1000 mW/cm 2. The coronal part of the cavity was restored using a nano-filled resin composite. After 24 h, 8 specimens for each group were randomly extract in order to undergo to fatigue test in wet condition through a chewing simulator, while the other specimens were kept in distilled water as benchmark. All the restored teeth were then sectioned in 1 mm thick slices perpendicularly to the fiber post axis. Specimen slices were classified in coronal and apical to be tested through a nanoindenter. Data were analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of 1%, in order to evaluate the influence of treatments (i.e., curing time and cyclic loading) on the micromechanical properties of the tested luting cement. RESULTS Both fatigue and curing time significantly influenced nanoindentation modulus and hardness of dual-curing cement (p < 0.01). No significant differences were reported for post space region. A significant interaction was found among the analyzed factors (p < 0.01). SIGNIFICANCE 120 s light-curing time is recommended in order to achieve optimal mechanical proprieties, independently from post space region and cyclic fatigue. As matter of fact, 120 s light-curing allowed to prevent strain hardening induced by the fatigue simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpaolo Serino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy; Polito BIO Med Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Allegra Comba
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Baldi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Carossa
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Baldissara
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Bignardi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy; Polito BIO Med Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Audenino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy; Polito BIO Med Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlos Gomes Rocha Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Nicola Scotti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Turin, Italy.
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