1
|
Zhou T, Zhang J, Liu J, Liu Z. Creating a 3D diagnostic cast with realistic tooth shade and translucency using an open source nondental CAD software program: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00378-0. [PMID: 38972800 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This article describes a digital technique for acquiring a 3-dimensional (3D) diagnostic cast with authentic tooth shade and translucency using an open source nondental computer-aided design (CAD) software program detailing the operational methods and parameters. The resultant 3D diagnostic cast can be transmitted to a dental laboratory for the fabrication of definitive prostheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ti Zhou
- Graduate student, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; and Department of Prosthodontics, Fushan Branch, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Dental Technician, Center of Digital Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, PR China; Yantai Engineering Research Center for Digital Technology of Stomatology, Yantai, PR China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Registered Nurse, Fushan Branch, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Zhonghao Liu
- Professor, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China; and Professor, Department of Implantology, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dag OD, Dagli I, Kurt A. The influence of different tooth proportions obtained using digital smile design on the perception of smile esthetics. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:494-502. [PMID: 37950584 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the effect of designs using different esthetic dental proportions made with a digital smile design program on the esthetic perception of individuals of different ages, genders and educational statuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different smile designs were made on facial photos taken of a female and male model using a smile design program. Four different dental proportions (golden proportion [GPR], golden percentage [GPE]), Preston proportion [P] and recurring esthetic dental proportion [RED]) and two different tooth shapes (oval and square) were used. Images with 16 different smile designs were presented to 4th and 5th-year students of a faculty of dentistry, dentists, specialist dentists and laypersons for scoring. RESULTS The gender of the participants did not affect the scores given (p > 0.05), and participants over the age of 30 and lay people had higher scores (p < 0.05). The GPR design was scored lower than RED when all designs were subdivided by tooth shape and gender (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The esthetic perceptions of people of different ages and dentistry education levels may differ from each other. Using the GPR when designing a digital smile may not be suitable for both genders. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE If esthetic dental proportions are to be utilized when designing a smile, it may be more appropriate to use the P and RED proportions instead of the GPR. In addition, if the patients whose smiles will be designed are young and have received dental education, it should be considered that their esthetic expectations may be high. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0567043.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onur Dogan Dag
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | | | - Aysegul Kurt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al Hamad KQ, Al Rashdan BA, Al-Kaff FT. Virtual patient representation with silicone guide and a 3D scanner accessory for a user-friendly facial scanning workflow: A clinical report of smile design and ceramic veneers. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00286-X. [PMID: 37270303 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Digital smile design and ceramic veneers are described with virtual patient representation. The procedure included facial scanning with a 3D scanner accessory (Structure sensor pro; Occipital Inc) mounted on a tablet computer (iPad; Apple Inc) and an innovative chairside silicone guide to replace the intraoral scan body for a straightforward and user-friendly workflow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Q Al Hamad
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | | | - Fatma T Al-Kaff
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cascos R, Ortiz Del Amo L, Álvarez-Guzmán F, Antonaya-Martín JL, Celemín-Viñuela A, Gómez-Costa D, Zafra-Vallejo M, Agustín-Panadero R, Gómez-Polo M. Accuracy between 2D Photography and Dual-Structured Light 3D Facial Scanner for Facial Anthropometry: A Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093090. [PMID: 37176531 PMCID: PMC10179155 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Facial scanners are used in different fields of dentistry to digitalize the soft tissues of the patient's face. The development of technology has allowed the patient to have a 3-dimensional virtual representation, facilitating facial integration in the diagnosis and treatment plan. However, the accuracy of the facial scanner and the obtaining of better results with respect to the manual or two-dimensional (2D) method are questionable. The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of the 3D method (a dual-structured light facial scanner) and compare it with the 2D method (photography) to obtain facial analysis in the maximum intercuspation position and smile position. (2) Methods: A total of 60 participants were included, and nine facial landmarks and five interlandmarks distances were determined by two independent calibrated operators for each participant. All measurements were made using three methods: the manual method (manual measurement), the 2D method (photography), and the 3D method (facial scanner). All clinical and lighting conditions, as well as the specific parameters of each method, were standardized and controlled. The facial interlandmark distances were made by using a digital caliper, a 2D software program (Adobe Photoshop, version 21.0.2), and a 3D software program (Meshlab, version 2020.12), respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed that trueness and precision values were normally distributed (p > 0.05), so a Student's t-test was employed. (3) Results: Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed in all interlandmark measurements in the 2D group (photography) to compare with the manual group. The 2D method obtained a mean accuracy value of 2.09 (±3.38) and 2.494 (±3.67) in maximum intercuspation and smile, respectively. On the other hand, the 3D method (facial scanner) obtained a mean accuracy value of 0.61 (±1.65) and 0.28 (±2.03) in maximum intercuspation and smile, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences with the manual method. (4) Conclusions: The employed technique demonstrated that it influences the accuracy of facial records. The 3D method reported acceptable accuracy values, while the 2D method showed discrepancies over the clinically acceptable limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Cascos
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Estomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ortiz Del Amo
- Department of Nursing and Estomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Álvarez-Guzmán
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Antonaya-Martín
- Department of Nursing and Estomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Celemín-Viñuela
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Gómez-Costa
- Department of Nursing and Estomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Zafra-Vallejo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Agustín-Panadero
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mai HN, Win TT, Tong MS, Lee CH, Lee KB, Kim SY, Lee HW, Lee DH. Three-dimensional morphometric analysis of facial units in virtual smiling facial images with different smile expressions. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:1-10. [PMID: 36908751 PMCID: PMC9992697 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accuracy of image matching between resting and smiling facial models is affected by the stability of the reference surfaces. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric variations in subdivided facial units during resting, posed and spontaneous smiling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The posed and spontaneous smiling faces of 33 adults were digitized and registered to the resting faces. The morphological changes of subdivided facial units at the forehead (upper and lower central, upper and lower lateral, and temple), nasal (dorsum, tip, lateral wall, and alar lobules), and chin (central and lateral) regions were assessed by measuring the 3D mesh deviations between the smiling and resting facial models. The one-way analysis of variance, Duncan post hoc tests, and Student's t-test were used to determine the differences among the groups (α = .05). RESULTS The smallest morphometric changes were observed at the upper and central forehead and nasal dorsum; meanwhile, the largest deviation was found at the nasal alar lobules in both the posed and spontaneous smiles (P < .001). The spontaneous smile generally resulted in larger facial unit changes than the posed smile, and significant difference was observed at the alar lobules, central chin, and lateral chin units (P < .001). CONCLUSION The upper and central forehead and nasal dorsum are reliable areas for image matching between resting and smiling 3D facial images. The central chin area can be considered an additional reference area for posed smiles; however, special cautions should be taken when selecting this area as references for spontaneous smiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Nga Mai
- Institute for Translational Research in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Dental School of Hanoi University of business and technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thaw Thaw Win
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Son Tong
- School of Dentistry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cheong-Hee Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Bok Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Dentistry, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Hyeong Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alfallaj HA, Afrashtehfar KI, Asiri AK, Almasoud FS, Alnaqa GH, Al-Angari NS. The Status of Digital Dental Technology Implementation in the Saudi Dental Schools' Curriculum: A National Cross-Sectional Survey for Healthcare Digitization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:321. [PMID: 36612639 PMCID: PMC9819993 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The primary objective of this cross-sectional national study was to investigate the status of digital dental technology (DDT) adoption in Saudi Arabian undergraduate dental education. A secondary objective was to explore the impact of dental schools' funding sources to incorporate digital technologies. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the chairpersons of prosthetic sciences departments of the 27 dental schools in Saudi Arabia. If any department chairman failed to respond to the survey, a designated full-time faculty member was contacted to fill out the form. The participants were asked about the school's sector, DDT implementation in the curriculum, implemented level, their perceptions of the facilitators and challenges for incorporating DDT. Results: Of the 27 dental schools (18 public and 8 private), 26 responded to the questionnaire (response rate: 96.3%). The geographic distribution of the respondent schools was as follows: 12 schools in the central region, 6 in the western region, and 8 in other regions. Seventeen schools secure and preserve patients' records using electronic software, whereas nine schools use paper charts. Seventeen schools (64,4%) implemented DDT in their curricula. The schools that did not incorporate DDT into their undergraduate curricula were due to not being included in the curriculum (78%), lack of expertise (66%), untrained faculty and staff (44%), and cost (33%). Conclusions: This national study showed that digital components still need to be integrated into Saudi Arabian dental schools' curricula and patient care treatment. Additionally, there was no association between funding sources and the DDT implementation into the current curricula. Consequently, Saudi dental schools must emphasize the implementation and utilization of DDT to align with Saudi Vision 2030 for healthcare digitization and to graduate competent dentists in digital dental care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayam A. Alfallaj
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar
- Evidence-Based Practice Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali K. Asiri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- Dental Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah S. Almasoud
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- Dental Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida H. Alnaqa
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- Dental Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia S. Al-Angari
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh P.O. Box 3660, Saudi Arabia
- Dental Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Antonacci D, Caponio VCA, Troiano G, Pompeo MG, Gianfreda F, Canullo L. Facial scanning technologies in the era of digital workflow: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Prosthodont Res 2022. [PMID: 36058870 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the accuracy of various face-scanning technologies in the market, with respect to the different dimensions of space (x, y, and z axes). Furthermore, attention will be paid to the type of technologies currently used and to the best practices for high-quality scan acquisition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and its updates. A thorough search was performed using the digital databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials by entering research lines or various combinations of free words. The main keywords used during the search process were "photogrammetry", "laser scanner", "optical scanner", "3D, and "face". RESULTS None of the included technologies significantly deviated from direct anthropometry. The obtained mean differences in the distances between the considered landmarks range from 1.10 to -1.74 mm. CONCLUSION Limiting the movements of the patient and scanner allows for more accurate facial scans with all the technologies involved. Active technologies such as laser scanners (LS), structured light (SL), and infrared structured light (ISL) have accuracy comparable to that of static stereophotogrammetry while being more cost-effective and less time-consuming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Canullo
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Where Is the Artificial Intelligence Applied in Dentistry? Systematic Review and Literature Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071269. [PMID: 35885796 PMCID: PMC9320442 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This literature research had two main objectives. The first objective was to quantify how frequently artificial intelligence (AI) was utilized in dental literature from 2011 until 2021. The second objective was to distinguish the focus of such publications; in particular, dental field and topic. The main inclusion criterium was an original article or review in English focused on dental utilization of AI. All other types of publications or non-dental or non-AI-focused were excluded. The information sources were Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, queried on 19 April 2022. The search string was “artificial intelligence” AND (dental OR dentistry OR tooth OR teeth OR dentofacial OR maxillofacial OR orofacial OR orthodontics OR endodontics OR periodontics OR prosthodontics). Following the removal of duplicates, all remaining publications were returned by searches and were screened by three independent operators to minimize the risk of bias. The analysis of 2011–2021 publications identified 4413 records, from which 1497 were finally selected and calculated according to the year of publication. The results confirmed a historically unprecedented boom in AI dental publications, with an average increase of 21.6% per year over the last decade and a 34.9% increase per year over the last 5 years. In the achievement of the second objective, qualitative assessment of dental AI publications since 2021 identified 1717 records, with 497 papers finally selected. The results of this assessment indicated the relative proportions of focal topics, as follows: radiology 26.36%, orthodontics 18.31%, general scope 17.10%, restorative 12.09%, surgery 11.87% and education 5.63%. The review confirms that the current use of artificial intelligence in dentistry is concentrated mainly around the evaluation of digital diagnostic methods, especially radiology; however, its implementation is expected to gradually penetrate all parts of the profession.
Collapse
|
9
|
Papaspyridakos P, Bedrossian A, De Souza A, Bokhary A, Gonzaga L, Chochlidakis K. Digital Workflow in Implant Treatment Planning For Terminal Dentition Patients. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:543-548. [PMID: 35343618 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment planning for the transition of patients from terminal dentition to full-arch implant rehabilitation poses challenges. Such challenges pertain to achieving the new orientation of the occlusal and esthetic plane as well as the change of vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO), while the fixed provisionalization using a digital workflow, still tends to be considered complex and hard to perform. This article illustrates step-by-step the utilization of a digital workflow protocol in the treatment planning for rehabilitation of terminal dentition patients, simplifying the smile design and ensuring that fixed provisionalization serves both the functional and esthetic requirements. This protocol includes facially-driven, three-dimensional (3D) digital smile design and chairside mock-up restoration workflows that enable prosthetically-driven assessment prior to implant treatment planning and 3D printing of surgical templates, which can predictably reduce chairside time and adjustments at the surgical and fixed provisionalization appointment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panos Papaspyridakos
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Prosthodontics, University of Rochester Eastman Institute for Oral Health, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Armand Bedrossian
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andre De Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdullah Bokhary
- Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luiz Gonzaga
- Center for Implant Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA
| | - Konstantinos Chochlidakis
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Rochester Eastman Institute for Oral Health, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tian Y, Huang G, Xiang X, Wang N, Dai W, Chen J, Shu R, Bai D, Xu H. The lower bow-shaped curve as a novel reference frame to determine the lateral limit of the maxillary anterior arch for smile esthetics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 161:e544-e553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Shujaat S, Bornstein MM, Price JB, Jacobs R. Integration of imaging modalities in digital dental workflows - possibilities, limitations, and potential future developments. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20210268. [PMID: 34520239 PMCID: PMC8474138 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The digital workflow process follows different steps for all dental specialties. However, the main ingredient for the diagnosis, treatment planning and follow-up workflow recipes is the imaging chain. The steps in the imaging chain usually include all or at least some of the following modalities: cone-beam computed tomographic data acquisition, segmentation of the cone-beam computed tomography image, intraoral scanning, facial three-dimensional soft tissue capture and superimposition of all the images for the creation of a virtual augmented model. As a relevant clinical problem, the accumulation of error at each step of the chain might negatively influence the final outcome. For an efficient digital workflow, it is important to be aware of the existing challenges within the imaging chain. Furthermore, artificial intelligence-based strategies need to be integrated in the future to make the workflow more simplified, accurate and efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Shujaat
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jeffery B Price
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|