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Sularz O, Koronowicz A, Smoleń S, Boycott C, Stefanska B. Iodine-Biofortified Lettuce Can Promote Mitochondrial Dependent Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9869. [PMID: 37373017 PMCID: PMC10298746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, our research provided evidence that exposure of gastric and colon cancer cells to extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce leads to a reduction of cell viability and proliferation through cell cycle arrest and upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes. The aim of the present study was to determine the potential cellular mechanisms of induction of cell death in human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines after treatment with iodine-biofortified lettuce. We demonstrated that extracts from lettuce enriched with iodine induce apoptosis in gastric AGS and colon HT-29 cancer cells and the mechanism of programmed cell death may be triggered and executed through different signaling pathways, depending on the type of cells. Western blot analysis revealed that iodine-fortified lettuce leads to cell death through the release of cytochrome c to the cytosolic fraction and activation of the primary drivers of apoptosis: caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9. Furthermore, we have reported that apoptotic effects of lettuce extracts may be mediated by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and activation of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins such as Bad, Bax, and BID. We also observed mitochondrial dysfunction with the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential in cells exposed to lettuce extracts. Taken together, these results indicate that the organic form of iodine such as 5-ISA and 3,5-diISA is an important factor in the activation of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in AGS and HT-29 cancer cells in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sularz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 31-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Aneta Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 31-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Cayla Boycott
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Barbara Stefanska
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
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Anguiano B, Álvarez L, Delgado-González E, Ortiz-Martínez Z, Montes de Oca C, Morales G, Aceves C. Protective effects of iodine on rat prostate inflammation induced by sex hormones and on the DU145 prostate cancer cell line treated with TNF. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 572:111957. [PMID: 37192707 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Molecular iodine (I2) prevents oxidative stress and prostate hyperplasia induced by hyperandrogenism and reduces cell viability in prostate cancer cell lines. Here, we aimed to evaluate the protective effect of I2 and testosterone (T) on hyperestrogenism-induced prostate inflammation. Additionally, the effects of I2 and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on cell viability and interleukin 6 (IL6) secretion were evaluated in a prostate cancer cell line (DU145). We also investigated whether the effects of I2 on viability are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)-dependent. Castrated (Cx) rats received pellets of either 17β estradiol (E2) or E2 and T and were treated with I2 (0.05%) in the drinking water for four weeks. The experimental groups were sham, Cx, Cx + E2, Cx + E2+I2, Cx + E2+T, and Cx + E2+T + I2. As expected, inflammation was triggered in the Cx + E2 group (high inflammation score; increase in TNF and transcriptional activity of RELA [nuclear factor-kappa B p65 subunit]), and this effect was diminished in the Cx + E2+T group (medium inflammation score and decrease in TNF). The lowest inflammation score (decrease of TNF and RELA and increase of PPARG) was obtained in the Cx + E2+T + I2 group. In DU145 cells, I2 (400 μM) and TNF (10 ng/ml) additively reduced cell viability, and I2 reduced the production of TNF-stimulated IL6. The PPARG antagonist (GW9662) did not inhibit the effects of I2 on the loss of cell viability. In summary, our data suggest that I2 and T exert a synergistic anti-inflammatory action on the normal prostate, and the interrelationship between I2 and TNF leads to anti-proliferative effects in DU145 cells. PPARG does not seem to participate in the I2-induced cell viability loss in the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Anguiano
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Lourdes Álvarez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Evangelina Delgado-González
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Zamira Ortiz-Martínez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Montes de Oca
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Giapsy Morales
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carmen Aceves
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
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Makarov AA, Ishbulatov IV, Makarova EK, D’yakonov VA, Dzhemilev UM. Synthesis of (4Z)-Unsaturated Iodo-δ-lactones by Catalytic Cross-Cyclomagnesiation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022120259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Romina O, Federico B, Leonardo S, Jennifer M, Carla R, Marina P, Alejandra D, Guillermo J, Lisa T. 6 Iodo-delta lactone inhibits angiogenesis in human HT29 colon adenocarcinoma xenograft. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 186:102507. [PMID: 36244213 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown the antiproliferative effect of iodine and 5‑hydroxy-6 iodo-eicosatrienoic delta lactone (IL-δ) on diverse tissues. It was demonstrated that molecular iodine (I2) and IL-δ, but not iodide (I-), exerts anti-neoplastic actions in different cancers. The underlying mechanism through which IL-δ inhibits tumor growth remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of IL-δ on tumor growth and angiogenesis in human HT29 colorectal cancer xenografts. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS HT29 cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice and IL-δ was i.p. injected at a dose of 15 μg three days a week. IL-δ treatment in HT29 xenografts showed time-dependent inhibition of tumor growth, decrease of mitosis and PCNA expression (p < 0.05), increase of P27 expression and Caspase 3 activity after 18 days of treatment (p < 0.05). To assess tumor Microvessel Densities (MVD), CD31 staining by immunohistochemistry was analyzed. IL-δ treatment decreased MVD by 17% and 30% after 18 and 30 days respectively (p < 0.05), as well as it decreased VEGF and VEGF-R2 expression (p < 0.05). Additionally, our findings demonstrated that IL-δ increased VEGF-R1 and Ang-1 mRNA levels (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The antitumor efficacy of IL-δ in vivo involves inhibition of cell proliferation as well as induction of apoptosis. IL-δ has also anti-angiogenic effect associated with VEGF and VEGF-R2 downregulation followed by Ang-1 and VEGF-R1 increased expression. High levels of Ang-1 would contribute to mature vessel stabilization and maintenance while VEGF-R1 increase would produce anti-proliferative effect on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oglio Romina
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine
| | - Buschittari Federico
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine
| | - Salvarredi Leonardo
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine
| | | | - Rodriguez Carla
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine
| | - Perona Marina
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentine
| | - Dagrosa Alejandra
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentine
| | - Juvenal Guillermo
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentine
| | - Thomasz Lisa
- Department of Radiobiology (CAC), National Comission of Atomic Energy (CNEA), Argentine; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentine.
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Sularz O, Koronowicz A, Boycott C, Smoleń S, Stefanska B. Molecular Effects of Iodine-Biofortified Lettuce in Human Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:4287. [PMID: 36296971 PMCID: PMC9607317 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the growing number of cancer cases around the world, natural products from the diet that exhibit potential antitumor properties are of interest. Our previous research demonstrated that fortification with iodine compounds is an effective way to improve the antioxidant potential of lettuce. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on antitumor properties in human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, gastric AGS and colon HT-29. Our results showed that extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce reduce the viability and proliferation of gastric and colon cancer cells. The extracts mediated cell cycle arrest which was accompanied by inactivation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and activation of caspases, as assessed by flow cytometry. However, extracts from lettuce fortified with organic forms of iodine acted more effectively than extracts from control and KIO3-enriched plants. Using quantitative PCR, we detected the increase in pro-apoptotic genes BAD, BAX and BID in AGS cells whereas up-regulation of cell cycle progression inhibitor CDKN2A and downregulation of pro-proliferative MDM2 in HT-29 cells. Interestingly, lettuce extracts led to down-regulation of pro-survival AKT1 and protooncogenic MDM2, which was consistent for extracts of lettuce fortified with organic form of iodine, 5-ISA, in both cell lines. MDM2 downregulation in HT-29 colon cancer cells was associated with RB1 upregulation upon 5-ISA-fortified lettuce extracts, which provides a link to the epigenetic regulation of tumor suppressor genes by RB/MDM2 pathway. Indeed, SEMA3A tumor suppressor gene was hypomethylated and upregulated in HT-29 cells treated with 5-ISA-fortified lettuce. Control lettuce exerted similar effects on RB/MDM2 pathway and SEMA3A epigenetic activation in HT-29 cells. Our findings suggest that lettuce as well as lettuce fortified with organic form of iodine, 5-ISA, may exert epigenetic anti-cancer effects that can be cancer type-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sularz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 31-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 31-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Cayla Boycott
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Stefanska
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Cuenca-Micó O, Delgado-González E, Anguiano B, Vaca-Paniagua F, Medina-Rivera A, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Aceves C. Effects of Molecular Iodine/Chemotherapy in the Immune Component of Breast Cancer Tumoral Microenvironment. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101501. [PMID: 34680134 PMCID: PMC8533888 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular iodine (I2) induces apoptotic, antiangiogenic, and antiproliferative effects in breast cancer cells. Little is known about its effects on the tumor immune microenvironment. We studied the effect of oral (5 mg/day) I2 supplementation alone (I2) or together with conventional chemotherapy (Cht+I2) on the immune component of breast cancer tumors from a previously published pilot study conducted in Mexico. RNA-seq, I2 and Cht+I2 samples showed significant increases in the expression of Th1 and Th17 pathways. Tumor immune composition determined by deconvolution analysis revealed significant increases in M0 macrophages and B lymphocytes in both I2 groups. Real-time RT-PCR showed that I2 tumors overexpress T-BET (p = 0.019) and interferon-gamma (IFNγ; p = 0.020) and silence tumor growth factor-beta (TGFβ; p = 0.049), whereas in Cht+I2 tumors, GATA3 is silenced (p = 0.014). Preliminary methylation analysis shows that I2 activates IFNγ gene promoter (by increasing its unmethylated form) and silences TGFβ in Cht+I2. In conclusion, our data showed that I2 supplements induce the activation of the immune response and that when combined with Cht, the Th1 pathways are stimulated. The molecular mechanisms involved in these responses are being analyzed, but preliminary data suggest that methylation/demethylation mechanisms could also participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Cuenca-Micó
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (O.C.-M.); (E.D.-G.); (B.A.)
| | - Evangelina Delgado-González
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (O.C.-M.); (E.D.-G.); (B.A.)
| | - Brenda Anguiano
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (O.C.-M.); (E.D.-G.); (B.A.)
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14160, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Medina-Rivera
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico;
| | | | - Carmen Aceves
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico; (O.C.-M.); (E.D.-G.); (B.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Bigoni-Ordóñez GD, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Rosendo-Chalma P, Valencia-González HA, Aceves C, García-Carrancá A. Molecular iodine inhibits the expression of stemness markers on cancer stem-like cells of established cell lines derived from cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:928. [PMID: 30257666 PMCID: PMC6158890 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4824-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSC) are characterized by deregulated self-renewal, tumorigenicity, metastatic potential, aberrant stemness signaling pathways, resistance to conventional therapy, and the ability to give rise to a progeny of proliferating cells that constitute the bulk of tumors. Targeting CSC will provide novel treatments for cancer. Different investigations have focused on developing complementary approaches that involve natural compounds that decrease chemo-resistance and reduce the side effects of conventional therapies. Since, it has been reported that molecular iodine (I2) exhibits antineoplastic effects and decreases tumor progression in some cancer models, we evaluated the potential effect of I2 on cell cultures enriched in cervical cancer stem-like cells. METHODS HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells were treated with 200uM I2 for 24 h. After time, cells were cultured in CSC-conditioned medium (cervospheres) and viability assays were performed. Following, tumorigenic capabilities in cervospheres treated with I2 were evaluated in NOD/SCID mice. HeLa monolayer cells untreated and their respective cervosphere cells treated or untreated with 200 μM of I2 for 24 h were xenotransplanted subcutaneously at different amounts and mice were monitored for at least 2 months. RESULTS In the present study, monolayer and CSC-enriched cultures (cervospheres) from cervical cancer-derived cell lines, HeLa and SiHa, showed that 200uM I2 supplementation inhibits proliferation of both and decreased their tumorigenic capacity, in vivo. This antineoplastic effect of I2 was accompanied by diminished expression of stemness markers including CD49f, CK17, OCT-4, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4, as well as increased expression and activation of PPARγ receptors. CONCLUSIONS All this data led us to suggest a clinical potential use of I2 for targeting CSC and improve current treatments against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Davide Bigoni-Ordóñez
- 0000 0004 1791 0836grid.415745.6División de Investigación Básica, Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CP Mexico
- 0000 0001 2159 0001grid.9486.3Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- 0000 0004 1791 0836grid.415745.6División de Investigación Básica, Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CP Mexico
| | - Pedro Rosendo-Chalma
- 0000 0004 1791 0836grid.415745.6División de Investigación Básica, Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CP Mexico
- 0000 0001 2159 0001grid.9486.3Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Heriberto A Valencia-González
- 0000 0004 1791 0836grid.415745.6División de Investigación Básica, Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CP Mexico
- 0000 0001 2159 0001grid.9486.3Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Aceves
- 0000 0001 2159 0001grid.9486.3Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla. Campus-Juriquilla., Querétaro, 76230 Qro Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- 0000 0004 1791 0836grid.415745.6División de Investigación Básica, Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, CP Mexico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Naciona Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Thomasz L, Oglio R, Salvarredi L, Perona M, Rossich L, Copelli S, Pisarev M, Juvenal G. Regulation of NADPH oxidase NOX4 by delta iodolactone (IL-δ) in thyroid cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:115-126. [PMID: 28993239 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iodine is not used only by the thyroid to synthesize thyroid hormones but also directly influences a number of thyroid parameters such as thyroid proliferation and function. Several iodinated lipids, biosynthesized by the thyroid, were postulated as intermediaries in the action of iodide. Among these, iodolactone (IL-δ) and 2-iodohexadecanal (2-IHDA) have shown to inhibit several thyroid parameters. The antiproliferative effect of IL-δ is not restricted to the thyroid gland. IL-δ exhibits anti-tumor properties in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, melanoma and lung carcinoma cells suggesting that IL-δ could be used as a chemotherapeutic agent. Moreover in a colon cancer cell line (HT-29), IL-δ induced cell death, and this effect was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the sources of reactive oxygen species induced by IL-δ and to explore the contribution of ROS induced by IL-δ on cell proliferation and apoptosis. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS Cancer thyroid follicular (WRO) and papilar (TPC-1) cells lines were treated with IL-δ. Proliferation and apoptosis was analyzed. IL-δ caused a significant loss of cell viability on WRO and TPC-1 cells in a concentration dependent manner and induced apoptosis after 3 h of treatment. Furthermore, IL-δ (10 μM) increased ROS production (39% WRO and 20% TPC-1). The concomitant treatment of WRO and TPC-1 cells with Trolox or NAC plus IL-δ abrogated the augment of ROS induced by IL-δ exposure. Additionally Trolox and NAC reversed the effect of IL-δ on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Only in WRO cells IL-δ upregulates NADPH oxidase NOX4 expression, and siRNA targeted knock-down of NOX4 attenuates ROS production, apoptosis (p < 0.05) and the inhibitory effect of IL-δ on cell proliferation and PCNA expression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of IL-δ is mediated by different mechanisms and pathway involving different sources of ROS generation depending on the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Thomasz
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina; CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Romina Oglio
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Salvarredi
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina
| | - Marina Perona
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina; CONICET, Argentina
| | - Luciano Rossich
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina
| | | | - Mario Pisarev
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina; CONICET, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Juvenal
- Nuclear Biochemistry Division, Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina; CONICET, Argentina.
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Pawlak A, Gładkowski W, Kutkowska J, Mazur M, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Rapak A. Enantiomeric trans β-aryl-δ-iodo-γ-lactones derived from 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde induce apoptosis in canine lymphoma cell lines by downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29534928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
For many years, studies focused on developing new natural or synthetic compounds with antineoplastic activity have attracted the attention of researchers. An interesting group of such compounds seem to be those with both lactone moiety and an aromatic ring which, in addition to antimicrobial or antiviral activity, also exhibit antitumor properties. The study shows antitumor activity of two enantiomeric trans isomers of 5-(1-iodoethyl)-4-(2',5'-dimethylphenyl)dihydrofuran-2-one. Our aim was to determine their antitumor activity manifested as an ability to induce apoptosis in selected canine cancer cell lines as well as to evaluate differences in their strength depending on the configuration of their stereogenic centers. The enantiomers (+)-(4R,5S,6R)-1 and (-)-(4S,5R,6S)-2 were found to induce classical caspase-dependent apoptosis through downregulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Although the mechanism of apoptosis induction was the same for both enantiomers, they differed in their strength, as stronger antineoplastic activity in vitro was exhibited by isomer (+)-(4R,5S,6R)-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kutkowska
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marcelina Mazur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Olivo-Vidal ZE, Rodríguez RC, Arroyo-Helguera O. Iodine Affects Differentiation and Migration Process in Trophoblastic Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 169:180-8. [PMID: 26152853 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Iodine deficiency is associated with oxidative stress increase and preeclampsia during gestation, suggesting that iodine concentration plays an important role in the normal placenta physiology. The question raised is to analyze the effect of iodine deficiency on oxidative stress, viability, differentiation, and migration process and changes in the expression of differentiation and migration markers. Iodine deprivation was done using potassium perchlorate (KCLO4) to block sodium iodide symporter (NIS) transporter and 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid DIDS to inhibit pendrine (PEN) transport for 3-48 h. Then trophoblast cells were treated with low iodine doses of 5-500 μM and high iodine doses of 100-5000 μM. Oxidative stress, viability, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hGC) were measured by colorimetric methods. Migration throphoblast cells were evaluated by both wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. Changes in mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Iodine deprivation induces a significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), viability, and migration process vs control cells. We found a significant overregulation in the mRNA's peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-gamma), Snail, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) mRNA's in cells deprived of iodine, as well as a down glial cell missing-1 (GCM-1) regulation, hGC, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and E-cadherin mRNA expression. The expression of hypoxic induction factor alpha (HIFα) mRNA does not change with iodine deprivation. In cells deprived of iodine, supplementing low iodine doses (5-500 μM) does not induce any significant changes in viability. However, ROS and migration process were decreased, although we found an increased human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secretion as a differentiation marker. In addition, we found that PPAR-gamma, Snail, and MPP-9 mRNAs expression are downregulated with low iodine doses, in contrast with GCM-1, PAPP-A, hGC, and E-cadherin that increase their expression vs cells deprived of iodine. High iodine doses (1000-5000 μM) have shown cytotoxic effects. Based on our results, iodine is important for keeping the proliferation/differentiation balance in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zendy Evelyn Olivo-Vidal
- Centro de investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Roció Coutiño Rodríguez
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Omar Arroyo-Helguera
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
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Koronowicz AA, Kopeć A, Master A, Smoleń S, Piątkowska E, Bieżanowska-Kopeć R, Ledwożyw-Smoleń I, Skoczylas Ł, Rakoczy R, Leszczyńska T, Kapusta-Duch J, Pysz M. Transcriptome Profiling of Caco-2 Cancer Cell Line following Treatment with Extracts from Iodine-Biofortified Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147336. [PMID: 26799209 PMCID: PMC4723252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although iodization of salt is the most common method used to obtain iodine-enriched food, iodine deficiency disorders are still a global health problem and profoundly affect the quality of human life. Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial regulators of human metabolism, cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and have been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on transcriptomic profile of Caco-2 cancer cell line by applying the Whole Human Genome Microarray assay. We showed 1326 differentially expressed Caco-2 transcripts after treatment with iodine-biofortified (BFL) and non-fortified (NFL) lettuce extracts. We analysed pathways, molecular functions, biological processes and protein classes based on comparison between BFL and NFL specific genes. Iodine, which was expected to act as a free ion (KI-NFL) or at least in part to be incorporated into lettuce macromolecules (BFL), differently regulated pathways of numerous transcription factors leading to different cellular effects. In this study we showed the inhibition of Caco-2 cells proliferation after treatment with BFL, but not potassium iodide (KI), and BFL-mediated induction of mitochondrial apoptosis and/or cell differentiation. Our results showed that iodine-biofortified plants can be effectively used by cells as an alternative source of this trace element. Moreover, the observed differences in action of both iodine sources may suggest a potential of BFL in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta A. Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopeć
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Master
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Piątkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Renata Bieżanowska-Kopeć
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń
- Unit of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Skoczylas
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Mushroom Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Roksana Rakoczy
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Leszczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Kapusta-Duch
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Pysz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
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12
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Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is crucial for antitumoral effects of 6-iodolactone. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:168. [PMID: 26376791 PMCID: PMC4573306 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular iodine (I2) exhibits antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on in vivo and in vitro cancer models. These effects are thought to be mediated by an iodinated arachidonic acid derivative, 6-iodolactone (6IL), and one of the proposed mechanisms is that 6IL activates Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors type gamma (PPARG). These receptors have been implicated in the inhibition of carcinogenic processes, in addition to their classical role in maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine whether PPARG participates in the 6IL antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on the mammary cancer cell line MCF-7. METHODS The 6IL/PPARG complex was inhibited by the PPARG antagonist GW9662, in both an endogenous and overexpressed (adenoviral vector infection) context, and stable PPARG-knockdown MCF-7 cells (RNA interference, confirmed with hydrolysis probes and Western blot), were used to corroborate the PPARG participation. 6IL effects on proliferation (measured by Trypan Blue exclusion) and apoptosis (phosphatidylserine identification by flow cytometer) were evaluated in conditions of chemical inhibition (GW9662) and silencing (RNA interference). A wound-healing assay was conducted on wild-type and stable PPARG-knockdown MCF-7 cells to evaluate the antimigrational effect of 6IL. Caspase-8 activity was evaluated to determine if the extrinsic pathway is involved in the effects of 6IL and I2 treatment. RESULTS Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic 6IL effects require the activation of PPARG. In addition, wound-healing assays show that 6IL is able to inhibit MCF-7 cell migration and that PPARG plays a role in this phenomenon. Finally, the data exclude the participation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in 6IL- and I2-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results support the previously proposed mechanism, in which the I2 effects are mediated by 6IL, and they provide further support for the use of I2 as coadjuvant in breast cancer treatment.
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