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González LM, Robles NR, Mota-Zamorano S, Arévalo-Lorido JC, Valdivielso JM, López-Gómez J, Gervasini G. Tag-SNPs in Phospholipase-Related Genes Modify the Susceptibility to Nephrosclerosis and its Associated Cardiovascular Risk. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:817020. [PMID: 35586043 PMCID: PMC9108153 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.817020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrosclerosis patients have a high cardiovascular (CV) risk that is very often of more concern than the renal disease itself. We aimed to determine whether variants in phospholipase-related genes, associated with atherosclerosis and CV outcomes in the general population, could constitute biomarkers of nephrosclerosis and/or its associated CV risk. We screened 1,209 nephrosclerosis patients and controls for 86 tag-SNPs that were identified in the SCARB1, PLA2G4A, and PLA2G7 gene loci. Regression models were utilized to evaluate their effect on several clinical parameters. Most notably, rs10846744 and rs838880 in SCARB1 showed significant odds ratios (OR) of 0.66 (0.51–0.87), p = 0.003 and 1.48 (1.11–1.96), p = 0.007 for nephrosclerosis risk. PLA2G4A and PLA2G7 harboured several SNPs associated with atherosclerosis measurements in the patients, namely common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT), presence of plaques, number of plaques detected and 2-years ccIMT progression (significant p-values ranging from 0.0004 to 0.047). Eight SNPs in PLA2G4A were independent risk factors for CV events in nephrosclerosis patients. Their addition to a ROC model containing classic risk factors significantly improved its predictive power from AUC = 69.1% (61.4–76.9) to AUC = 79.1% (73.1–85.1%), p = 0.047. Finally, PLA2G4A rs932476AA and rs6683619AA genotypes were associated with lower CV event-free survival after controlling for confounding variables [49.59 (47.97–51.21) vs. 51.81 (49.93–51.78) months, p = 0.041 and 46.46 (41.00–51.92) vs. 51.17 (50.25–52.08) months, p = 0.022, respectively]. Variability in phospholipase-related genes play a relevant role in nephrosclerosis and associated atherosclerosis measurements and CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M. González
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Nicolás R. Robles
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Valdivielso
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, UDETMA, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Juan López-Gómez
- Service of Clinical Analyses, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Guillermo Gervasini,
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Wang R, Chen J, Ding F, Zhang L, Wu X, Wan Y, Hu J, Zhang X, Wu Q. Renal tubular injury induced by glyphosate combined with hard water: the role of cytosolic phospholipase A2. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:130. [PMID: 33569432 PMCID: PMC7867956 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The combined effects of glyphosate and hard water on chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CDKu) have attracted much interest, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) plays a key role in the acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. This study explored the effect of glyphosate combined with hard water on renal tubules and the possible targets and mechanisms involved. Methods In vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the synergistic effects and potential mechanisms of glyphosate and hard water on renal tubular injury in mice. Results Administration of glyphosate in mice resulted in elevated levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), albumin (ALB), and serum creatinine (SCr) compared to control mice. This increase was more pronounce when glyphosate was combined with hard water. In the glyphosate-treated mice, small areas of the kidney revealed fibroblast proliferation and vacuolar degeneration, particularly at the higher dose of 400 mg/kg glyphosate. However, the combination of glyphosate and hard water induced an even greater degree of pathological changes in the kidney. Immunofluorescence and western blot analyses showed that glyphosate and hard water had a coordinated effect on calcium ions (Ca2+)-activated phospholipase A2 and the activation may play a key role in inflammation and renal tubular injury. Exposure to glyphosate alone or glyphosate plus hard water increased the levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory biomarkers, namely, thromboxane A2 (TX-A2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitric oxide (NO). Parameters of oxidative stress, including the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were decreased. Further analysis showed that the levels of these biomarkers were significantly different between the mice treated with glyphosate plus hard water and the mice treated with glyphosate alone. Conclusions These findings suggested that hard water combined with glyphosate can induce renal tubular injury in mice, and this may involve mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)/arachidonic acid (AA) and its downstream factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojing Wang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chang JF, Yeh JC, Ho CT, Liu SH, Hsieh CY, Wang TM, Chang SW, Lee IT, Huang KY, Wang JY, Lin WN. Targeting ROS and cPLA2/COX2 Expressions Ameliorated Renal Damage in Obese Mice with Endotoxemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4393. [PMID: 31500176 PMCID: PMC6769974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic endotoxemia, reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic inflammation, and obese kidney fibrosis. Although the fat-intestine-kidney axis has been documented, the pathomechanism and therapeutic targets of obese kidney fibrosis remain unelucidated. To mimic obese humans with metabolic endotoxemia, high-fat-diet-fed mice (HF group) were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to yield the obese kidney fibrosis-metabolic endotoxemia mouse model (HL group). Therapeutic effects of ROS, cytosolic phospholipases A2 (cPLA2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors were analyzed with a quantitative comparison of immunohistochemistry stains and morphometric approach in the tubulointerstitium of different groups. Compared with basal and HF groups, the HL group exhibited the most prominent obese kidney fibrosis, tubular epithelial lipid vacuoles, and lymphocyte infiltration in the tubulointerstitium. Furthermore, inhibitors of nonspecific ROS, cPLA2 and COX-2 ameliorated the above renal damages. Notably, the ROS-inhibitor-treated group ameliorated not only oxidative injury but also the expression of cPLA2 and COX-2, indicating that ROS functions as the upstream signaling molecule in the inflammatory cascade of obese kidney fibrosis. ROS acts as a key messenger in the signaling transduction of obese kidney fibrosis, activating downstream cPLA2 and COX-2. The given antioxidant treatment ameliorates obese kidney fibrosis resulting from a combined high-fat diet and LPS-ROS could serve as a potential therapeutic target of obese kidney fibrosis with metabolic endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan.
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan.
| | - Jih-Chen Yeh
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ta Ho
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hao Liu
- Division of Pathology, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan.
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Zhang B, Lu X, Wang R. Gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor gene silencing inhibits the development of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and formation of a calcium oxalate crystal in renal tubular epithelial cells in mice with kidney stones via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1567-1577. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Fang Wang
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Bei‐Hao Zhang
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Qing Lu
- Department of Blood Purification The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Rui‐Qiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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Montford JR, Lehman AMB, Bauer CD, Klawitter J, Klawitter J, Poczobutt JM, Scobey M, Weiser-Evans M, Nemenoff RA, Furgeson SB. Bone marrow-derived cPLA2α contributes to renal fibrosis progression. J Lipid Res 2017; 59:380-390. [PMID: 29229740 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m082362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The group IVA calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) enzyme directs a complex "eicosanoid storm" that accompanies the tissue response to injury. cPLA2α and its downstream eicosanoid mediators are also implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in many organs, including the kidney. We aimed to determine the role of cPLA2α in bone marrow-derived cells in a murine model of renal fibrosis, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). WT C57BL/6J mice were irradiated and engrafted with donor bone marrow from either WT mice [WT-bone marrow transplant (BMT)] or mice deficient in cPLA2α (KO-BMT). After full engraftment, mice underwent UUO and kidneys were collected 3, 7, and 14 days after injury. Using picrosirius red, collagen-3, and smooth muscle α actin staining, we determined that renal fibrosis was significantly attenuated in KO-BMT animals as compared with WT-BMT animals. Lipidomic analysis of homogenized kidneys demonstrated a time-dependent upregulation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids after UUO; KO-BMT animals had lower levels of many of these eicosanoids. KO-BMT animals also had fewer infiltrating pro-inflammatory CD45+CD11b+Ly6Chi macrophages and reduced message levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our results indicate that cPLA2α and/or its downstream mediators, produced by bone marrow-derived cells, play a major role in eicosanoid production after renal injury and in renal fibrinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Montford
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO .,Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO
| | - Allison M B Lehman
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Colin D Bauer
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jost Klawitter
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Joanna M Poczobutt
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Micah Scobey
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Mary Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Raphael A Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth B Furgeson
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.,Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, CO
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