Mechanisms underlying the protective effect of leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast against doxorubicin induced testicular injury in rats

Investigation of montelukast effect on rosuvastatin induced late puberty in rats

Background:

Puberty is a critical process for the development of sexual organs and reproductive ability. It is triggered and regulated by the hormones. Rosuvastatin can delay the onset of puberty through the inhibition of cholesterol and androgen biosynthesis. On the other hand, montelukast has protective effects against various diseases and against reproductive toxicity induced by other medications, but its effects on puberty have not been studied.

Aims:

Assessment of the protective effect of montelukast against rosuvastatin-induced delayed puberty.

Settings and Design:

At the university.

Materials and Methods:

Eighteen male Wistar rats aged 30 days and weighted 50–60 g were distributed to three groups (six rats per group) and intraperitoneally administered every day for 5 days with 0.2 ml of distilled water as control, 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and with rosuvastatin + montelukast (10 mg/kg for each drug). These animals’ groups were euthanised on day 50 of age to assess the effect of rosuvastatin alone and with montelukast on the serum levels of the reproductive hormones and histological manifestations and morphometric measurements of the testes.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni multiple tests were performed to analyse the findings using the GraphPad Prism software.

Results:

Treatment of rats with rosuvastatin showed a significantly decreased level of testosterone and luteinising hormone as well as histopathological and morphometric alterations in the testicular tissues in comparison with the control. Interestingly, co-treatment of rosuvastatin with montelukast could not reverse or mitigate these changes induced late puberty.

Conclusion:

There is no protective effect of montelukast against rosuvastatin-induced delayed puberty.

Carnosine Remedial Effect on Fertility of Male Rats Receiving Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin and Prednisone (CHOP)

Chemotherapeutic agents can impair gonadal function triggering infertility. Here, we probed the properties of carnosine as an antioxidant in reproductive disorders caused by the combination of cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunomycin (doxorubicin), oncovin (vincristine) and prednisone (CHOP); this combination is mostly used in treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Animals were distributed into four groups: Group I was the control. Group II received carnosine (250mg kg day^-1 , i.p.); Group III received CHOP: cyclophosphamide (27 mg/kg/cycle), doxorubicin (1.8 mg/kg/cycle) and vincristine (0.05 mg/kg /cycle) by i.p. plus oral prednisone (1.47 mg kg^-1  day^-1 /cycle) for five days. Group IV received carnosine plus CHOP. The study involved 4 cycles each of 3 weeks. Also, we explored the effect of combining carnosine with CHOP on the development of solid Ehrlich carcinoma in mice. CHOP lowered genitals weight, sperm count and motility, testicular function marker enzymes, serum testosterone level and gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. Furthermore, CHOP elevated testicular oxidative stress, serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone and triggered DNA damage. Morphometric and histopathological examinations of testicular tissues buttressed the biochemical results. Importantly, administration of carnosine ameliorated CHOP-induced alterations without diminishing CHOP's antineoplastic action. These results indicated that carnosine may ameliorate reproductive disorders induced by CHOP.