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Schutte K, Szczepanska A, Halder M, Cussler K, Sauer UG, Stirling C, Uhlrich S, Wilk-Zasadna I, John D, Bopst M, Garbe J, Glansbeek HL, Levis R, Serreyn PJ, Smith D, Stickings P. Modern science for better quality control of medicinal products “Towards global harmonization of 3Rs in biologicals”: The report of an EPAA workshop. Biologicals 2017; 48:55-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Takayama-Ito M, Nakamichi K, Kinoshita H, Kakiuchi S, Kurane I, Saijo M, Lim CK. A sensitive in vitro assay for the detection of residual viable rabies virus in inactivated rabies vaccines. Biologicals 2014; 42:42-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kulpa-Eddy J, Srinivas G, Halder M, Hill R, Brown K, Roth J, Draayer H, Galvin J, Claassen I, Gifford G, Woodland R, Doelling V, Jones B, Stokes WS. Non-animal replacement methods for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions. PROCEDIA IN VACCINOLOGY 2011; 5:60-83. [PMID: 32288914 PMCID: PMC7129755 DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NICEATM and ICCVAM convened an international workshop to review the state of the science of human and veterinary vaccine potency and safety testing methods and to identify opportunities to advance new and improved methods that can further reduce, refine, and replace animal use. Six topics were addressed in detail by speakers and workshop participants and are reported in a series of six reports. This workshop report, the second in the series, provides recommendations for current and future use of non-animal methods and strategies for veterinary vaccine potency testing. Workshop participants recommended that future efforts to replace animal use give priority to vaccines (1) that use large numbers of animals per test and for which many serials are produced annually, (2) that involve significant animal pain and distress during procedures, (3) for which the functional protective antigen has been identified, (4) that involve foreign animal/zoonotic organisms that are dangerous to humans, and (5) that involve pathogens that can be easily spread to wildlife populations. Vaccines identified as the highest priorities were those for rabies, Leptospira spp., Clostridium spp., Erysipelas, foreign animal diseases (FAD), poultry diseases, and fish diseases. Further research on the identification, purification, and characterization of vaccine protective antigens in veterinary vaccines was also identified as a priority. Workshop participants recommended priority research, development, and validation activities to address critical knowledge and data gaps, including opportunities to apply new science and technology. Recommendations included (1) investigations into the relative impact of various adjuvants on antigen quantification assays, (2) investigations into extraction methods that could be used for vaccines containing adjuvants that can interfere with antigen assays, and (3) review of the current status of rabies and tetanus human vaccine in vitro potency methods for their potential application to the corresponding veterinary vaccines. Workshop participants recommended enhanced international harmonization and cooperation and closer collaborations between human and veterinary researchers to expedite progress. Implementation of the workshop recommendations is expected to advance alternative in vitro methods for veterinary vaccine potency testing that will benefit animal welfare and replace animal use while ensuring continued protection of human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Kulpa-Eddy
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Riverdale, Maryland, USA
| | - Geetha Srinivas
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Veterinary Biologics, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Marlies Halder
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods, Ispra, Italy
| | - Richard Hill
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Veterinary Biologics, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Karen Brown
- Pair O'Docs Enterprises, Parkville, Missouri, USA
| | - James Roth
- Center for Food Safety Security and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - Ivo Claassen
- Central Veterinary Institute, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Glen Gifford
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Canadian Centre for Veterinary Biologics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralph Woodland
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Vivian Doelling
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brett Jones
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - William S Stokes
- National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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McFarland R, Verthelyi D, Casey W, Arciniega J, Isbrucker R, Schmitt M, Finn T, Descamps J, Horiuchi Y, Sesardic D, Stickings P, Johnson NW, Lipscomb E, Allen D. Non-animal replacement methods for human vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions. PROCEDIA IN VACCINOLOGY 2011; 5:16-32. [PMID: 32288913 PMCID: PMC7129268 DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
NICEATM and ICCVAM convened an international workshop to review the state of the science of human and veterinary vaccine potency and safety testing methods, and to identify opportunities to advance new and improved methods that can further reduce, refine, and replace animal use. This report addresses methods and strategies identified by workshop participants for replacement of animals used for potency testing of human vaccines. Vaccines considered to have the highest priority for future efforts were (1) vaccines for which antigen quantification methods are already developed but not validated, (2) vaccines/components that require the largest number of animals, (3) vaccines that require an in vivo challenge test, and (4) vaccines with in vivo tests that are highly variable and cause a significant number of invalid tests. Vaccine potency tests identified as the highest priorities for replacement were those for diphtheria and tetanus, pertussis (whole cell and acellular), rabies, anthrax, polio vaccine (inactivated) and complex combination vaccines based on DT or DTwP/aP. Research into understanding the precise mechanism of protection afforded by vaccines and the identification of clinically relevant immunological markers are needed to facilitate the successful implementation of in vitro testing alternatives. This report also identifies several priority human vaccines and associated research objectives that are necessary to successfully implement in vitro vaccine potency testing alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard McFarland
- United States Food and Drug Administration- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniela Verthelyi
- United States Food and Drug Administration- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Warren Casey
- National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Juan Arciniega
- United States Food and Drug Administration- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard Isbrucker
- Health Canada, Center for Vaccine Evaluation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Schmitt
- United States Food and Drug Administration- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Theresa Finn
- United States Food and Drug Administration- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Dorothea Sesardic
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Stickings
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nelson W Johnson
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lipscomb
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Allen
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Alternative methods and strategies to reduce, refine, and replace animal use for human vaccine post-licensing safety testing: state of the science and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Stokes WS, Kulpa-Eddy J, McFarland R. The International Workshop on Alternative Methods to Reduce, Refine, and Replace the Use of Animals in Vaccine Potency and Safety Testing: introduction and summary. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kulpa-Eddy J, Srinivas G, Halder M, Brown K, Draayer H, Galvin J, Claassen I, Gifford G, Woodland R, Doelling V, Jones B, Stokes WS. Alternative methods and strategies to reduce, refine, and replace animal use for veterinary vaccine post-licensing safety testing: state of the science and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Stokes WS, Brown K, Kulpa-Eddy J, Srinivas G, Halder M, Draayer H, Galvin J, Claassen I, Gifford G, Woodland R, Doelling V, Jones B. Improving animal welfare and reducing animal use for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Casey W, Schmitt M, McFarland R, Isbrucker R, Levis R, Arciniega J, Descamps J, Finn T, Hendriksen C, Horiuchi Y, Keller J, Kojima H, Sesardic D, Stickings P, Johnson NW, Lipscomb E, Allen D. Improving animal welfare and reducing animal use for human vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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