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Heidari Z, Valinezhad M. High prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients with thyroid nodules: A case-control study. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103345. [PMID: 34995966 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of thyroid nodules has increased dramatically in recent decades. Although this increase has been attributed to improved imaging modalities, the question arises as to whether other environmental factors, such as infectious agents are influential. METHODS Adult patients with newly diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma, benign thyroid nodules, and healthy euthyroid controls without nodules; were recruited. Various clinical and biochemical parameters including thyroid function tests and serum Parvovirus B19 Ab (IgG) were assessed and compared between groups. RESULTS In this study, data from 364 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, 370 patients with benign thyroid nodules, and 360 healthy euthyroid individuals without nodules were analyzed as a control group. The prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients was 58.8% that was significantly higher than the two groups of benign thyroid nodules (49.2%) and the control group (45.0%). In the papillary thyroid carcinoma group, a significant positive correlation was found between tumor size and TSH (r = 0.129, p = 0.014), and between tumor size and B19-Ab (r = 0.176, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The rate of parvovirus B19 infection was higher in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid nodules than in the control group. Also, patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma had significantly higher rates of B19 infection than those with benign thyroid nodules.
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Le Tortorec A, Matusali G, Mahé D, Aubry F, Mazaud-Guittot S, Houzet L, Dejucq-Rainsford N. From Ancient to Emerging Infections: The Odyssey of Viruses in the Male Genital Tract. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1349-1414. [PMID: 32031468 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The male genital tract (MGT) is the target of a number of viral infections that can have deleterious consequences at the individual, offspring, and population levels. These consequences include infertility, cancers of male organs, transmission to the embryo/fetal development abnormalities, and sexual dissemination of major viral pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. Lately, two emerging viruses, Zika and Ebola, have additionally revealed that the human MGT can constitute a reservoir for viruses cleared from peripheral circulation by the immune system, leading to their sexual transmission by cured men. This represents a concern for future epidemics and further underlines the need for a better understanding of the interplay between viruses and the MGT. We review here how viruses, from ancient viruses that integrated the germline during evolution through old viruses (e.g., papillomaviruses originating from Neanderthals) and more modern sexually transmitted infections (e.g., simian zoonotic HIV) to emerging viruses (e.g., Ebola and Zika) take advantage of genital tract colonization for horizontal dissemination, viral persistence, vertical transmission, and endogenization. The MGT immune responses to viruses and the impact of these infections are discussed. We summarize the latest data regarding the sources of viruses in semen and the complex role of this body fluid in sexual transmission. Finally, we introduce key animal findings that are relevant for our understanding of viral infection and persistence in the human MGT and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Le Tortorec
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Giulia Matusali
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Mahé
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Florence Aubry
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Séverine Mazaud-Guittot
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Houzet
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Dejucq-Rainsford
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
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Garolla A, Vitagliano A, Muscianisi F, Valente U, Ghezzi M, Andrisani A, Ambrosini G, Foresta C. Role of Viral Infections in Testicular Cancer Etiology: Evidence From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:355. [PMID: 31263452 PMCID: PMC6584824 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The most represented histotype of testicular cancer is the testicular germ-cell tumor (TGCT), both seminoma and non-seminoma. The pathogenesis of this cancer is poorly known. A possible causal relationship between viral infections and TGCTs was firstly evoked almost 40 years ago and is still a subject of debate. In the recent past, different authors have argued about a possible role of specific viruses in the development of TGCTs including human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Parvovirus B-19, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim of this present review was to summarize, for each virus considered, the available evidence on the impact of viral infections on the risk of developing TGCTs. The review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included all observational studies reported in English evaluating the correlations between viral infections (HPV, CMV, EBV, Parvovirus B19, and HIV) and TGCTs. The methodological quality of studies included in the meta-analysis was evaluated using a modified version of the "Newcastle-Ottawa Scale." Meta-analyses were conducted using the "Generic inverse variance" method, where a pooled odds ratio (OR) was determined from the natural logarithm (LN) of the studies' individual OR [LN (OR)] and the 95% CI. A total of 20 studies (on 265,057 patients) were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed an association with TGCTs only for some of the explored viruses. In particular, no association was found for HPV, CMV, and Parvovirus B-19 infection (p = ns). Conversely, EBV and HIV infections were significantly associated with higher risk of developing TGCTs (OR 7.38, 95% CI 1.89-28.75, p = 0.004; OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.51-1.93, p < 0.00001). In conclusion, we found adequate evidence supporting an oncogenic effect of HIV and EBV on the human testis. Conversely, available data on HPV and TGCTs risk are conflicting and further studies are needed to draw firm conclusions. Finally, current evidence does not support an effect of CMV and Parvovirus B-19 on testicular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Garolla
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Garolla
| | - Amerigo Vitagliano
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Muscianisi
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Umberto Valente
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Ghezzi
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Andrisani
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Guido Ambrosini
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Foresta
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Santonja C, Santos-Briz A, Palmedo G, Kutzner H, Requena L. Detection of human parvovirus B19 DNA in 22% of 1815 cutaneous biopsies of a wide variety of dermatological conditions suggests viral persistence after primary infection and casts doubts on its pathogenic significance. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1060-1065. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Santonja
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz; Madrid Spain
| | - A. Santos-Briz
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - G. Palmedo
- Dermatopathologie Friedrichshafen; Friedrichshafen Germany
| | - H. Kutzner
- Dermatopathologie Friedrichshafen; Friedrichshafen Germany
| | - L. Requena
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
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Adamson-Small LA, Fowler LJ, Hobbs JA. Parvovirus b19 persistence in abnormal thyroid tissue of a mature cystic ovarian teratoma: a case report. Endocr Pathol 2014; 25:339-43. [PMID: 24668251 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-014-9305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian teratomas represent the most common neoplasm derived from germ cells and can contain mature ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal tissues. In rare cases, these teratomas can be composed predominantly or solely of thyroid tissue. These thyroid cells often function similarly to normal thyroid tissues. This laboratory and others have previously shown that parvovirus B19 (B19V) persists in primary and metastatic thyroid tissues. No reports exist on possible B19V persistence in thyroid tissues that may arise de novo outside the thyroid gland proper. In this case report, the detection of B19V (genotype 1) in the thyroid epithelial cells of a mature teratoma is reported. Nested PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect viral nucleic acids and proteins, respectively. Viral genomes were amplified in lesion DNA, confirming persistence of B19V. Positive immunohistochemical staining was seen for B19V capsid proteins in the thyroid epithelial cells within the mature teratoma, but not in surrounding ovarian tissue or in the non-thyroidal elements of the mature teratoma. These results demonstrate for the first time that thyroid epithelial cells, derived from non-thyroid tissue, are capable of supporting B19V infection and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Adamson-Small
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Road, R1-136, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA,
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Adamson-Small LA, Ignatovich IV, Laemmerhirt MG, Hobbs JA. Persistent parvovirus B19 infection in non-erythroid tissues: Possible role in the inflammatory and disease process. Virus Res 2014; 190:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yousif L, Hammer GP, Blettner M, Zeeb H. Testicular cancer and viral infections: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2013; 85:2165-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lamyaa Yousif
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI); University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Gaël P. Hammer
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI); University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Maria Blettner
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI); University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Hajo Zeeb
- Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS; Bremen Germany
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Detection of Parvovirus B19 Capsid Proteins in Testicular Tissues. Urology 2012; 79:744.e9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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