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Barouh A, Nadoushan MJ, Soltanipur M. Comparison of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) Expression among Nasal Polyp and Chronic Rhinosinusitis. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2024:S2173-5735(24)00048-6. [PMID: 38723777 DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disorder in sinonasal mucosa that could be developed with or without nasal polyps. Cellular proliferation is suggested as a possible mechanism of nasal polyp development. However, conducted studies in this context are limited. So, the present study's aim is the comparison of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 70 nasal polyp and 60 chronic rhinosinusitis samples from patients referred to Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran from 2017 to 2022 were immunohistochemically stained by PCNA marker. The percentage of PCNA nuclear expression was determined in two groups and its association with the type of pathological lesion and the patient's age and sex was analyzed by SPSS statistic software version 24 statistical software (IBM Statistics, USA). RESULTS The mean expression of PCNA in nasal polyp and chronic rhinosinusitis samples was 16.55% ± 13.66 and 17.58% ± 12.68 respectively (ranging from 0 to 57% in both groups) however, there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups (p = 0.479). No relationship was found between PCNA expression with age and sex in none of the chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp groups. CONCLUSION Proliferative activity of the nasal epithelial cell is similar in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and it is considered that the increase of epithelial cell proliferative activity probably has no role in nasal polyp development in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Barouh
- Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Masood Soltanipur
- Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Quality of Life Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Sunkara PR, Saraswathula A, Ramanathan M. Etiology of sinonasal inverted papilloma: An update. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:1265-1273. [PMID: 36258846 PMCID: PMC9575078 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) and its clinical features have been widely studied, but there are few studies delving into its etiology and risk factors. A narrative review was conducted to summarize a contemporary understanding of the potential etiologies of IP, including immunologic/inflammatory, viral, genetic, and environmental causes. Study Design Review. Methods A MEDLINE search was conducted through August 11, 2021, focusing on studies investigating the etiology and risk factors for sinonasal IP and its malignant transformation. Results High‐ and low‐risk human papillomavirus have been connected with the formation of IP, but conflicting evidence exists regarding their role. Occupational and industrial exposures may also contribute to IP formation, while smoking may increase the odds of malignant progression. Exon 20 mutations in EGFR are an active area of research in IP with mixed evidence. Finally, several cell cycle and angiogenic factors such as Ki67, VEGF, and Akt/mTOR have been implicated in the development and progression of IP. Conclusion There continues to be conflicting evidence around the development of IP, but significant progress has been made in recent years. Further study is needed for all these potential etiologies to elucidate risk factors and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anirudh Saraswathula
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Murugappan Ramanathan
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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3
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Rha MS, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Cho HJ. Association of the human papillomavirus infection with the recurrence of sinonasal inverted papilloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rhinology 2021; 60:2-10. [PMID: 34941974 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) has been investigated, the link between HPV infection and SNIP recurrence remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between HPV infection and recurrence of SNIP. METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases were searched (until 16 June 2021) to collect all relevant articles. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the fixed effects model. In addition, subgroup analysis, assessment of publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS Fourteen eligible articles, including 592 patients with SNIP, were included in this study. Pooled analysis revealed that HPV-positive cases exhibited a significantly higher OR of tumour recurrence than HPV-negative counterparts). A significant association between HPV infection and tumour recurrence remained stable in subgroup analyses according to the publication year of the studies. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis demonstrates that HPV infection is significantly associated with the recurrence of SNIP, suggesting the pathological role of HPV in SNIP. These results suggest that HPV infection should be considered in the management of SNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-S Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-H Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Ding R, Sun Q, Wang Y. Association Between Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Malignant Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:1200-1205. [PMID: 33111993 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of malignant sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) according to the type of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. METHODS The databases of PubMed, EmBase, and Web of Science were searched for studies that reported the risk of malignant SNIP in patients infected by specific types of HPV. The quantitative analyses for pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Twenty-six molecular epidemiological studies that recruited a total of 900 patients with SNIP were selected for the final meta-analysis. The summary ORs indicated that HPV-6 (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.47-8.61; P = .343), HPV-11 (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.26-2.89; P = .806), and HPV-6/11 (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 0.59-3.53; P = .426) infections were not associated with the risk of malignant SNIP. However, the risk of malignant SNIP was increased in patients infected with HPV-16 (OR: 8.51; 95% CI: 3.36-21.59; P < .001), HPV-11/16 (OR: 7.95; 95% CI: 1.13-56.01; P = .038), HPV-18 (OR: 23.26; 95% CI: 5.27-102.73; P < .001), and HPV-16/18 (OR: 24.34; 95% CI: 5.74-103.18; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS This study found that patients infected with HPV types 16, 11/16, 18, and 16/18 were associated with an increased risk of malignant SNIP. However, patients infected with HPV types 6, 11, and 6/11 did not have a significant risk of malignant SNIP. Laryngoscope, 131:1200-1205, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Qiaorong Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Taizhou, China
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5
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Gupta R, Rady PL, Sikora AG, Tyring SK. The role of human papillomavirus in the pathogenesis of sinonasal inverted papilloma: a narrative review. Rev Med Virol 2020; 31:e2178. [PMID: 33048407 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sinonasal inverted papillomas (IPs) are rare tumours arising from the nasal epithelial mucosa. Most lesions are benign, but a subset of IPs progress to dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Although the epidemiology and clinical features of IPs are well known, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Given the established role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the formation of other mucosal tumours including cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, some have suggested the virus may play a role in IP development. However, the association between HPV and IPs has not yet been proven, and the variable detection of HPV DNA in IPs has cast uncertainty on whether the virus plays a major role in pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize early clinical reports and synthesize recent studies that may elucidate the association between HPV and IPs. We also discuss the role HPV may have in the progression of benign IP to dysplasia and malignancy, as well as potential pathological mechanisms. We hope that synthesizing the initial and recent studies on this topic will not only lead to a better understanding of research in the role of HPV in IP development, but also help guide and contextualize future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gupta
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter L Rady
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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6
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Teng Y, Li Y, Lin Z, Gao Y, Cao X, Lou X, Lin F, Li Y. Analysis of miRNA expression profiling identifies miR-214-3p as a novel biomarker in sinonasal inverted papilloma. Epigenomics 2018; 10:1541-1553. [PMID: 29952653 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To analyze the expression profile, diagnostic and clinicopathological significances of miRNAs in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP). Materials & methods: The expression profile of miRNAs was analyzed using a miRNA microarray approach. The potential functions and clinical significances of specific miRNAs were further analyzed by bioinformatics and statistical methods. Results: The microarray assay identified 37 significantly upregulated and 21 downregulated miRNAs in SNIP. Of nine miRNAs randomly selected, the expression levels of seven miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. The potential target genes of several candidate miRNAs were enriched in some biological processes and cellular signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis. Receiever operating characteristic curve analysis for miR-214-3p indicated an area under the curve of 0.932. Notably, its expression level was significantly decreased in SNIP tissues and associated with SNIP staging and recurrence. Conclusion: MiR-214-3p can possibly serve as a valuable biomarker and a therapeutic target for SNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoshu Teng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuandong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihong Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310008 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Lou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fengchun Lin
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310008 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310006 Hangzhou, PR China
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7
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Marioni G, Brescia G, Nicolè L, Marchese-Ragona R, Barion U, Giacomelli L, Marino F, Martini A, Ottaviano G. Survivin and cortactin expression in sinonasal schneiderian (inverted) papilloma and associated carcinoma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018; 32:78-81. [DOI: 10.1177/1945892418762644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sinonasal inverted (schneiderian) papilloma (IP) is histologically benign but shows a propensity for malignant transformation. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis family of proteins that controls cell division, apoptosis, metastasis, and, probably, also neoangiogenesis, is overexpressed in essentially all human cancers. Overexpression of the multidomain protein cortactin has also been associated with increased cell migration, invasion, and metastatic potential in several malignancies. Objective: The aim of the present study was to preliminarily investigate survivin and cortactin expression in a consecutive series of sinonasal IPs, and IP-associated squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of nuclear survivin and cortactin was measured in 19 consecutive sinonasal IPs and 3 IP-associated SCCs. Results: The mean ± standard deviation nuclear survivin expression was 9.4 ± 9.2% and 31.7% ± 15.4% in sinonasal IPs and SCCs, respectively (p < 0.0001). Results of cortactin immunostaining was strongly positive in the cytoplasm of both sinonasal IPs and SCCs: no significant difference emerged between the IP and SCC epithelial components. Conclusion: Nuclear survivin expression was significantly higher in SCCs than in IPs. Prospective, multi-institutional prognostic studies, preferably on an international scale (given the few cases treated at single institutions), are needed to confirm the role of survivin in IP malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Marioni
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giuseppe Brescia
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosario Marchese-Ragona
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Umberto Barion
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | | | - Filippo Marino
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martini
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giancarlo Ottaviano
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
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8
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Liu Y, Duan L, Tian J, Song D, Zhang M, Zhao S, Yin Z, Xiang X, Li X. Role of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in human papillomavirus-associated nasal and sinonasal inverted papilloma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:1067-1074. [PMID: 29040365 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal and sinonasal inverted papilloma (NSIP) is a benign tumor in which surface epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue with varying degrees of metaplasia. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proposed as the causal agent in the pathogenesis of this disease. Many studies have shown that HPV can activate the Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, but the role of this pathway in HPV-associated NSIP is largely unknown. In this study, we enrolled 40 control tissue samples and 80 NSIP tissue samples. HPV genotyping showed that 47 of the 80 examined cases of NSIP were HPV-positive (58.8%), and the most common subtype was HPV11 (20/53, 37.7%). The immunohistochemistry showed statistically significant differences in phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein staining among control samples, HPV-positive NSIP and HPV-negative NSIP. The HPV11 L1-L2 plasmid increased the proliferation of normal human nasopharyngeal epithelial NP69-SV40T cells and human nasopharyngeal cancer CNE1 cells. Meanwhile, rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, reversed the increased cell proliferation induced by the HPV11 L1-L2 plasmid. Western blot analysis showed that Akt/mTOR/S6 were overexpressed in NP69-SV40T cells and CNE1 cells infected with the HPV11 L1-L2 plasmid. These data demonstrate that HPV promotes cell proliferation through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in NSIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Daoliang Song
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Shenlin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Zhaofu Yin
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Xinxin Xiang
- Central of Translation Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - Xuezhong Li
- Department of Otolaryngolgogy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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9
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Roh HJ, Mun SJ, Cho KS, Hong SL. Smoking, not human papilloma virus infection, is a risk factor for recurrence of sinonasal inverted papilloma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2016; 30:79-82. [PMID: 26980388 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recurrence rate of sinonasal inverted papillomas (SNIP) is 15-20%. However, few studies have investigated patient-dependent factors related to recurrence of SNIPs. OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors, including human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and smoking, as well as other factors, for recurrence of SNIPs. METHODS Fifty-four patients who were diagnosed with SNIP and underwent surgery were enrolled: 39 men and 15 women, with the mean age of 54.0 years. Their mean follow-up was 40.6 months. Demographics and information about the history of smoking, previous surgery, tumor extent, follow-up, and recurrence were reviewed retrospectively. Those patients whose tumors were associated with malignant transformation were excluded in this study. HPV detection and genotyping in the tumor specimens were performed with the HPV DNA chip, a polymerase chain reaction-based DNA microarray system. RESULTS Seven patients (13.0%) had recurrence, with a mean time to recurrence of 39.8 months. Recurrence rates in T1, T2, T3, and T4 of the Krouse staging system were 0% (0/4), 8.3% (2/24), 17.4% (4/23), and 33.3% (1/3), respectively (p > 0.5). Eight patients (14.8%) were positive for HPV DNA. All of these patients belonged to the group without recurrence (p > 0.5). However, recurrence rates according to HPV DNA positivity were not statistically different (0% versus 15.2%). Three (42.9%) in the group with recurrence and four (8.5%) in the group without recurrence were smokers (p < 0.5). CONCLUSION Smoking was associated with recurrence of SNIP. However, HPV infection is not a recurrence of SNIP risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan-Jung Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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10
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Wang MJ, Noel JE. Etiology of sinonasal inverted papilloma: A narrative review. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 3:54-58. [PMID: 29204580 PMCID: PMC5683660 DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign and uncommon tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with a tendency for recurrence and even malignant transformation. Though the morphology and clinical behavior of this lesion has been well described, its etiology remains controversial. Methods Computerized searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar through May 2015. In this review, etiologic factors including human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), cell cycle related proteins and angiogenic factors, occupational and environmental exposures, and chronic inflammation, will be discussed. Results Many studies indicate that HPV has been detected in a significant percentage of IP, while EBV has not been shown to be significantly associated. Certain cell cycle regulatory factors and angiogenic proteins contribute to the dysregulation of proliferation and apoptosis, and facilitate migration and tumor invasion. Occupational exposures, such as welding and organic solvents, have been implicated, and smoking seems more critical to recurrence and dysplasia rather than initial IP occurrence. Chronic inflammation may also have a causative relationship with inverted papilloma, but the mechanism is unclear. Conclusions Though etiology of sinonasal IP remains controversial, the studies reviewed here indicate a role for viral infection, cell cycle and angiogenic factors, environmental and occupational exposure, and chronic inflammation. Further study on etiologic factors is necessary for clinical guidance and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Julia E Noel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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11
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Lin H, Lin D, Xiong XS. Roles of human papillomavirus infection and stathmin in the pathogenesis of sinonasal inverted papilloma. Head Neck 2015; 38:220-4. [PMID: 25224680 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate roles of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and stathmin in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP). METHODS HPV DNA detection was performed by the fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Stathmin protein expression was investigated by the immunohistochemistry method and mRNA expression of stathmin, Kif2a, and cyclin D1 were assessed by real-time PCR in SNIP and control subjects. RESULTS The positive rate of HPV DNA detected in SNIP was about 53.6% (15 of 28). Recurrent cases showed a higher rate of HPV infection compared with initial cases and higher Krouse stage (T3 + T4) cases showed higher rate of HPV infection than lower Krouse stage (T1 + T2) cases. Stronger expression of stathmin, Kif2a, and cyclin D1 were observed in SNIP, especially HPV(+) SNIP. CONCLUSION HPV infection was closely associated with recurrence and progression of SNIP. Stathmin is a valuable prognostic marker and could be considered as a therapeutic target in patients with SNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuqing, Fujian, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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12
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Pajor AM, Danilewicz M, Stasikowska-Kanicka O, Józefowicz-Korczyńska M. The immunoexpression of CD34, Bcl-2, and Ki-67 antigens in sinonasal inverted papillomas. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2015; 28:e31-4. [PMID: 24717877 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2014.28.3980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous molecular markers of sinonasal inverted papillomas (IP) were investigated in the past; however, significance of angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis were not well documented. This study was designed to determine expression of angiogenic marker CD34 antigen, antiapoptotic marker Bcl-2 oncoprotein, and proliferative marker Ki-67 antigen in the group of patients with IP. We matched up these findings to the group of patients with sinonasal carcinoma (SNC) and used chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients as control group. In addition, we compared expression of the markers among IP patients who displayed distinctly different patterns of clinical behavior. METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from 46 surgically treated patients; 18 of them had a diagnosis of IP, 9 had documented SNC, and the remaining 19 patients had CRS. All specimens were stained using immunohistochemistry techniques for CD34 (mean vessel density [MVD]), Bcl-2, and Ki-67 antigens. Morphometry was evaluated by computer image analysis system. RESULTS We noted statistically significant differences in expression of CD34 antigen, Bcl-2 protein, and Ki-67 antigen (for all groups, ANOVA p < 0.001) among the investigated groups. The mean value of CD34 antigen was significantly higher in the IP group than in the CRS group, but it was below the levels of the SNC group. Compared with the cases not complicated by recurrence, the patients with recurrent IP exhibited higher MVD levels, while levels of bcl-2 and Ki67 protein expression did not differ in a significant way between recurrent and nonrecurrent cases. The significant positive correlations were observed between Bcl-2 protein and Ki-67 antigen in IP and SNC groups and between Bcl-2 protein and CD34 antigen in the CRS group. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore importance of angiogenesis in the development and prognosis of IP and support further investigation of this aspect of IP tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Pajor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Lodz, Poland
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Evaluation of correlation of cell cycle proteins and Ki-67 interaction in paranasal sinus inverted papilloma prognosis and squamous cell carcinoma transformation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:634945. [PMID: 25013792 PMCID: PMC4075189 DOI: 10.1155/2014/634945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recurrent sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) could be transformed to sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. We use protein expression patterns by immunohistochemical method to see whether the expression of p53, p16, p21, and p27 belongs to cell-cycle-regulators and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and Ki-67 the proliferation markers in sixty patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma, and 10 of them with squamous cell carcinoma transformation. Significantly elevated levels of Ki-67, p27, and PCNA in IP with squamous cell carcinoma transformation of sinonasal tract compared with inverted papilloma were revealed. No variation of p16, p21, PLUNC (palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone protein) and p53 expression was correlated to sinonasal IP malignant transformation by multivariate survey. However, we found elevated PLUNC expression in IPs with multiple recurrences. Finally, we found that PCNA, p27 may interact with CDK1 which promote IP cell proliferation and correlate to sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. Ki-67 could work throughout the cell cycles to cause malignant transformation. In conclusion, this is a first study showing the correlation of Ki-67, PCNA interacted with CDK1 might lead to malignant transformation. Elevated PLUNC expression in the sinonasal IPs was related to multiple recurrences in human.
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Kataki A, Alevizos L, Lazaris A, Glustianou G, Derventzi A, Giotakis E, Konstadoulakis M, Yiotakis I. 14-3-3 gene expression exerts isoform-dependent functions in sinonasal pathophysiology. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 210:105-10. [PMID: 24268498 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The expression profiles of 14-3-3β and θ isoforms, known to exert both oncogenic and antiapoptotic effects, were assessed in different entities of nasal pathophysiology. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were used on paraffin-embedded sections of 51 inverted papillomas (IP), 26 nasal polyps (NP), 9 polyps with IP (NPIP) and 10 specimens of normal epithelium (NE). 14-3-3β expression was significantly upregulated in IP as compared with both NP (p=0.015) and NE (p=0.002). 14-3-3β was also increased in NPIP as compared with NE (p=0.008). 14-3-3β cytoplasmic staining was more pronounced in basal cells of the respiratory epithelium although serous glands and the vascular system were often positive as well. High 14-3-3β immunopositivity in IP patients concurred with increased proliferative activity shown by PCNA immunostaining (p=0.04). Expression of 14-3-3θ was also found increased in IP and NPIP patients, compared to NP (p=0.005, p=0.002 respectively) and NE (p=0.004 and p=0.001 respectively). 14-3-3θ cytoplasmic immunopositivity was detected in columnar epithelium, particularly in basal and subluminal cells, whereas no immunoreactivity was observed in NP and NE. Our results demonstrate differential expression of 14-3-3β and θ isoforms in sinonasal pathophysiology, supporting their implication, respectively, in the proliferative and inflammatory process engaged in the formation of IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agapi Kataki
- Laboratory of Surgical Research, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens Hippocration Hospital, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527 Greece
| | - Leonidas Alevizos
- Laboratory of Surgical Research, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens Hippocration Hospital, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527 Greece.
| | - Andreas Lazaris
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasia Derventzi
- Laboratory of Surgical Research, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens Hippocration Hospital, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527 Greece
| | - Evagelos Giotakis
- 1st Department of Otolaryngology, University of Athens, Hippocration Hospital of Athens, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527, Greece
| | - Manousos Konstadoulakis
- Laboratory of Surgical Research, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens Hippocration Hospital, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527 Greece
| | - Ioannis Yiotakis
- 1st Department of Otolaryngology, University of Athens, Hippocration Hospital of Athens, 114 Queen's Sofia Avenue, 11527, Greece
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