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He D, Zheng S, Cao J, Deng J, Ding R, Xu Y, Cheng X. CircCOX6A1 suppresses osteogenic differentiation and aggravates osteoporosis via miR-512-3p/DYRK2 axis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:636. [PMID: 38727863 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP), characterized by compromised bone integrity and increased fracture risk, poses a significant health challenge. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in various pathophysiological processes, prompting investigation into their role in osteoporosis. This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of circCOX6A1 in OP progression and understand its underlying molecular mechanisms. The primary objective was to explore the impact of circCOX6A1 on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its potential interactions with miR-512-3p and DYRK2. METHODS GSE161361 microarray analysis was employed to assess circCOX6A1 expression in OP patients. We utilized in vitro and in vivo models, including BMSC cultures, osteogenic differentiation assays, and an OVX-induced mouse model of OP. Molecular techniques such as quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and functional assays like alizarin red staining (ARS) were employed to evaluate circCOX6A1 effects on BMSC proliferation, apoptosis, and osteogenic differentiation. The interaction between circCOX6A1, miR-512-3p, and DYRK2 was investigated through dual luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays. RESULTS CircCOX6A1 was found to be upregulated in osteoporosis patients, and its expression inversely correlated with osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. CircCOX6A1 knockdown enhanced osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by increased mineralized nodule formation and upregulation of osteogenic markers. In vivo, circCOX6A1 knockdown ameliorated osteoporosis progression in OVX mice. Mechanistically, circCOX6A1 acted as a sponge for miR-512-3p, subsequently regulating DYRK2 expression. CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence for the role of circCOX6A1 in osteoporosis pathogenesis. CircCOX6A1 negatively regulates BMSC osteogenic differentiation through the miR-512-3p/DYRK2 axis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating OP progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwen He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Sikuan Zheng
- School of Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jianjian Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Abdelmaksoud NM, Abulsoud AI, Doghish AS, Abdelghany TM. From resistance to resilience: Uncovering chemotherapeutic resistance mechanisms; insights from established models. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188993. [PMID: 37813202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the tremendous advances in cancer treatment, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents impedes higher success rates and accounts for major relapses in cancer therapy. Moreover, the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is linked to low efficacy and high recurrence of cancer. To stand up against chemotherapy resistance, different models of chemotherapy resistance have been established to study various molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance. Consequently, this review is going to discuss different models of induction of chemotherapy resistance, highlighting the most common mechanisms of cancer resistance against different chemotherapeutic agents, including overexpression of efflux pumps, drug inactivation, epigenetic modulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This review aims to open a new avenue for researchers to lower the resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic agents, develop new therapeutic agents with low resistance potential, and establish possible prognostic markers for chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, 3 Cairo-Belbeis Desert Road, P.O. Box 3020 El Salam, 11785 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, 3 Cairo-Belbeis Desert Road, P.O. Box 3020 El Salam, 11785 Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, 3 Cairo-Belbeis Desert Road, P.O. Box 3020 El Salam, 11785 Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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Mochimaru Y, Yoshida K. Functional Roles of DYRK2 as a Tumor Regulator. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8539-8551. [PMID: 37886981 PMCID: PMC10605165 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) regulates the induction of apoptosis and DNA repair, metastasis inhibition, cell cycle G1/S transition, protein scaffold stability for E3 ligase complexes, and embryogenesis. Owing to these functions, DYRK2 is thought to regulate tumorigenesis, and its function in cancer has been investigated. Notably, DYRK2 has been reported to function as a tumor suppressor; however, it has also been reported to act as an oncogene in some cancers. This discrepancy makes it difficult to elucidate the conserved functions of DYRK2 in cancer. Here, we reviewed the functions of DYRK2 in various cancers. Patient tissue samples were evaluated for each cancer type. Although some studies have used cell lines and/or xenografts to elucidate the mechanism of DYRK2 function, these studies are not sufficient to understand the role of DYRK2 in cancers. In particular, studies using genetically modified mice would help us to understand the reported functional duality of DYRK2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;
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4
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Jiménez-Izquierdo R, Morrugares R, Suanes-Cobos L, Correa-Sáez A, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Cerero-Tejero L, Khan OM, de la Luna S, Sancho R, Calzado MA. FBXW7 tumor suppressor regulation by dualspecificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:202. [PMID: 36934104 PMCID: PMC10024693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
FBXW7 is a member of the F-box protein family, which functions as the substrate recognition component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. FBXW7 is a main tumor suppressor due to its ability to control proteasome-mediated degradation of several oncoproteins such as c-Jun, c-Myc, Cyclin E1, mTOR, and Notch1-IC. FBXW7 inactivation in human cancers results from a somatic mutation or downregulation of its protein levels. This work describes a novel regulatory mechanism for FBXW7 dependent on the serine/threonine protein kinase DYRK2. We show that DYRK2 interacts with and phosphorylates FBXW7 resulting in its proteasome-mediated degradation. DYRK2-dependent FBXW7 destabilization is independent of its ubiquitin ligase activity. The functional analysis demonstrates the existence of DYRK2-dependent regulatory mechanisms for key FBXW7 substrates. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that DYRK2-dependent regulation of FBXW7 protein accumulation contributes to cytotoxic effects in response to chemotherapy agents such as Doxorubicin or Paclitaxel in colorectal cancer cell lines and to BET inhibitors in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Altogether, this work reveals a new regulatory axis, DYRK2/FBXW7, which provides an understanding of the role of these two proteins in tumor progression and DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Jiménez-Izquierdo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Morrugares
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Suanes-Cobos
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martín Garrido-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Cerero-Tejero
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Omar M Khan
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, College of Health and Life Sciences Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Sancho
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, SE10 9RT, UK
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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5
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Wu C, Sun G, Wang F, Chen J, Zhan F, Lian X, Wang J, Weng F, Li B, Tang W, Quan J, Xiang D. DYRK2 downregulation in colorectal cancer leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction and chemoresistance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22496. [PMID: 36577753 PMCID: PMC9797492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prominent causes of cancer-associated mortality in the world, with chemoresistance representing one of the leading causes of treatment failure. However, the mechanisms governing such chemoresistance remain incompletely understood. In this study, the role of DYRK2 as a mediator of CRC cell drug resistance and the associated molecular mechanisms were assessed by evaluating human tumor tissue samples, CRC cell lines, and animal model systems. Initial analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas database and clinical tissue microarrays revealed significant DYRK2 downregulation in CRC in a manner correlated with poor prognosis. We further generated LoVo CRC cells that were resistant to the chemotherapeutic drug 5-FU, and found that such chemoresistance was associated with the downregulation of DYRK2 and a more aggressive mesenchymal phenotype. When DYRK2 was overexpressed in these cells, their proliferative, migratory, and invasive activities were reduced and they were more prone to apoptotic death. DYRK2 overexpression was also associated with enhanced chemosensitivity and the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction in these LoVo 5-FUR cells. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that DYRK2 bound to Twist and promoted its proteasomal degradation. In vivo studies further confirmed that the overexpression of DYRK2 inhibited human CRC xenograft tumor growth with concomitant Twist downregulation. Overall, these results thus highlight DYRK2 as a promising therapeutic target in CRC worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Wu
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Guiyin Sun
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Fan Wang
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Jiangyan Chen
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Fangbiao Zhan
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing, 404000 China
| | - Xiaojuan Lian
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Jie Wang
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Fanbin Weng
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Bo Li
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Cardiology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Weijun Tang
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Jin Quan
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
| | - Debing Xiang
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 402260 China ,grid.452506.0Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260 China
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6
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Kawamura A, Yoshida S, Aoki K, Shimoyama Y, Yamada K, Yoshida K. DYRK2 maintains genome stability via neddylation of cullins in response to DNA damage. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259514. [PMID: 35582972 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8), an ubiquitin-like protein, is an essential regulator of the DNA damage response. Numerous studies have shown that neddylation (conjugation of NEDD8 to target proteins) dysfunction causes several human diseases, such as cancer. Hence clarifying the regulatory mechanism of neddylation could provide insight into the mechanism of genome stability underlying the DNA damage response (DDR) and carcinogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a novel regulator of neddylation and maintains genome stability. Deletion of DYRK2 leads to persistent DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and subsequent genome instability. Mechanistically, DYRK2 promotes neddylation through forming a complex with NAE1, which is a component of NEDD8-activating enzyme E1, and maintaining its protein level by suppressing polyubiquitylation. The present study is the first to demonstrate that DYRK2 controls neddylation and is necessary for maintaining genome stability. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kawamura
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Saishu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Aoki
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuya Shimoyama
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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7
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Imaizumi Y, Yoshida S, Kanegae Y, Eto K, Yoshida K. Enforced dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 expression by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer inhibits tumor growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:960-970. [PMID: 34932844 PMCID: PMC8898707 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors with good outcomes; however, with distant metastasis, the outcomes are poor. Novel treatment methods are urgently needed. Our in vitro studies indicate that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by regulating cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis induction. In addition, DYRK2 expression is decreased in tumor tissues compared to nontumor tissues in colorectal cancer, indicating a correlation with clinical prognosis. In this context, we devised a novel therapeutic strategy to overexpress DYRK2 in tumors by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. The present study shows that overexpression of DYRK2 in colon cancer cell lines by adenovirus inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, in mouse subcutaneous xenograft and liver metastasis models, enforced expression of DYRK2 by direct or intravenous injection of adenovirus to the tumor significantly inhibits tumor growth. Taken together, these findings show that adenovirus-based overexpression of DYRK2 could be a novel gene therapy for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Imaizumi
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Saishu Yoshida
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yumi Kanegae
- Core Research Facilities for Basic ScienceResearch Center for Medical ScienceThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ken Eto
- Department of SurgeryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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8
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Abraham SP, Nita A, Krejci P, Bosakova M. Cilia kinases in skeletal development and homeostasis. Dev Dyn 2021; 251:577-608. [PMID: 34582081 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are dynamic compartments that regulate multiple aspects of cellular signaling. The production, maintenance, and function of cilia involve more than 1000 genes in mammals, and their mutations disrupt the ciliary signaling which manifests in a plethora of pathological conditions-the ciliopathies. Skeletal ciliopathies are genetic disorders affecting the development and homeostasis of the skeleton, and encompass a broad spectrum of pathologies ranging from isolated polydactyly to lethal syndromic dysplasias. The recent advances in forward genetics allowed for the identification of novel regulators of skeletogenesis, and revealed a growing list of ciliary proteins that are critical for signaling pathways implicated in bone physiology. Among these, a group of protein kinases involved in cilia assembly, maintenance, signaling, and disassembly has emerged. In this review, we summarize the functions of cilia kinases in skeletal development and disease, and discuss the available and upcoming treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P Abraham
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandru Nita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Bosakova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Ramos A, Sadeghi S, Tabatabaeian H. Battling Chemoresistance in Cancer: Root Causes and Strategies to Uproot Them. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9451. [PMID: 34502361 PMCID: PMC8430957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With nearly 10 million deaths, cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Along with major key parameters that control cancer treatment management, such as diagnosis, resistance to the classical and new chemotherapeutic reagents continues to be a significant problem. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance leads to cancer recurrence in many cases that eventually causes failure in the successful treatment and death of cancer patients. Various determinants, including tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment, could cause chemoresistance through a diverse range of mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key determinants and the underlying mechanisms by which chemoresistance appears. We then describe which strategies have been implemented and studied to combat such a lethal phenomenon in the management of cancer treatment, with emphasis on the need to improve the early diagnosis of cancer complemented by combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
| | - Samira Sadeghi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Hossein Tabatabaeian
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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10
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Koike C, Okudela K, Matsumura M, Mitsui H, Suzuki T, Arai H, Kataoka T, Ishikawa Y, Umeda S, Tateishi Y, Ohashi K. Frequent DYRK2 gene amplification in micropapillary element of lung adenocarcinoma - an implication in progression in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:305-315. [PMID: 33368138 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to discern the molecular alterations involved in the progression of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). We previously demonstrated that the micropapillary (mPAP) element is the most important histological factor for assessing malignant grades in LADCs. Therefore, mPAP and other elements were separately collected from three cases of EGFR-mutated LADC using laser capture microdissection and subjected to a comprehensive mRNA expression analysis. We focused on DYRK2 in this study because its level showed a substantial increase in EGFR-mutated LADCs with mPAP. We also immunohistochemically examined 130 tumors for the expression of DYRK2. The results confirmed a strong expression of DYRK2 in EGFR-mutated LADC with mPAP. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses targeting the DYRK2 locus revealed frequent gene amplification in EGFR-mutated LADC, specifically occurring in the high-grade components, like mPAP. In summary, the results of this study suggest that DYRK2 overexpression through gene amplification is one of the molecular mechanisms responsible for promoting the progression of EGFR-mutated LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Koike
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Mai Matsumura
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mitsui
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takehisa Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Arai
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Prefectural Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Umeda
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoko Tateishi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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11
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Liang R, Zhang J, Liu Z, Liu Z, Li Q, Luo X, Li Y, Ye J, Lin Y. Mechanism and Molecular Network of RBM8A-Mediated Regulation of Oxaliplatin Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:585452. [PMID: 33552961 PMCID: PMC7862710 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.585452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding motif protein 8A (RBM8A) is abnormally overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT plays an important role in the development of drug resistance, suggesting that RBM8A may be involved in the regulation of oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance in HCC. Here we examined the potential involvement of RBM8A and its downstream pathways in OXA resistance using in vitro and in vivo models. RBM8A overexpression induced the EMT in OXA-resistant HCC cells, altering cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, whole-genome microarrays combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed that RBM8A has a wide range of transcriptional regulatory capabilities in OXA-resistant HCC, including the ability to regulate several important tumor-related signaling pathways. In particular, histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) emerged as an important mediator of RBM8A activity related to OXA resistance. These data suggest that RBM8A and its related regulatory pathways represent potential markers of OXA resistance and therapeutic targets in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jiazhou Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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12
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Tandon V, de la Vega L, Banerjee S. Emerging roles of DYRK2 in cancer. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100233. [PMID: 33376136 PMCID: PMC7948649 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.015217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the CMGC kinase DYRK2 has been reported as a tumor suppressor across various cancers triggering major antitumor and proapoptotic signals in breast, colon, liver, ovary, brain, and lung cancers, with lower DYRK2 expression correlated with poorer prognosis in patients. Contrary to this, various medicinal chemistry studies reported robust antiproliferative properties of DYRK2 inhibitors, whereas unbiased 'omics' and genome-wide association study-based studies identified DYRK2 as a highly overexpressed kinase in various patient tumor samples. A major paradigm shift occurred in the last 4 years when DYRK2 was found to regulate proteostasis in cancer via a two-pronged mechanism. DYRK2 phosphorylated and activated the 26S proteasome to enhance degradation of misfolded/tumor-suppressor proteins while also promoting the nuclear stability and transcriptional activity of its substrate, heat-shock factor 1 triggering protein folding. Together, DYRK2 regulates proteostasis and promotes protumorigenic survival for specific cancers. Indeed, potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors of DYRK2 exhibit in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity in triple-negative breast cancer and myeloma models. However, with conflicting and contradictory reports across different cancers, the overarching role of DYRK2 remains enigmatic. Specific cancer (sub)types coupled to spatiotemporal interactions with substrates could decide the procancer or anticancer role of DYRK2. The current review aims to provide a balanced and critical appreciation of the literature to date, highlighting top substrates such as p53, c-Myc, c-Jun, heat-shock factor 1, proteasome, or NOTCH1, to discuss DYRK2 inhibitors available to the scientific community and to shed light on this duality of protumorigenic and antitumorigenic roles of DYRK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Tandon
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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13
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A Crosstalk Between Dual-Specific Phosphatases and Dual-Specific Protein Kinases Can Be A Potential Therapeutic Target for Anti-cancer Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:357-382. [PMID: 33539023 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) play an initiative role in growth factor-mediated cellular processes, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) negatively regulates these processes, acting as tumor suppressors. Besides selective tyrosine dephosphorylation of PTKs via PTPs may affect oncogenic pathways during carcinogenesis. The PTP family contains a group of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) that regulate the activity of Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are key effectors in the control of cell growth, proliferation and survival. Abnormal MAPK signaling is critical for initiation and progression stages of carcinogenesis. Since depletion of DUSP-MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) can reduce tumorigenicity, altering MAPK signaling by DUSP-MKP inhibitors could be a novel strategy in anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, Cdc25A is, a DUSP and a key regulator of the cell cycle, promotes cell cycle progression by dephosphorylating and activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). Cdc25A-CDK pathway is a novel mechanism in carcinogenesis. Besides the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors or mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibition in combination with the dual phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/mTOR or AKT kinase inhibitors are more effective in inhibiting the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and cap-dependent translation. Dual targeting of the Akt and mTOR signaling pathways regulates cellular growth, proliferation and survival. Like the Cdc2-like kinases (CLK), dual-specific tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are essential for the regulation of cell fate. The crosstalk between dual-specific phosphatases and dual- specific protein kinases is a novel drug target for anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, the focus of this chapter involves protein kinase modules, critical biochemical checkpoints of cancer therapy and the synergistic effects of protein kinases and anti-cancer molecules.
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14
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Correa-Sáez A, Jiménez-Izquierdo R, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Morrugares R, Muñoz E, Calzado MA. Updating dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2): molecular basis, functions and role in diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4747-4763. [PMID: 32462403 PMCID: PMC7658070 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Members of the dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRKs) subfamily possess a distinctive capacity to phosphorylate tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. Among the DYRK class II members, DYRK2 is considered a unique protein due to its role in disease. According to the post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications, DYRK2 expression greatly differs among human tissues. Regarding its mechanism of action, this kinase performs direct phosphorylation on its substrates or acts as a priming kinase, enabling subsequent substrate phosphorylation by GSK3β. Moreover, DYRK2 acts as a scaffold for the EDVP E3 ligase complex during the G2/M phase of cell cycle. DYRK2 functions such as cell survival, cell development, cell differentiation, proteasome regulation, and microtubules were studied in complete detail in this review. We have also gathered available information from different bioinformatic resources to show DYRK2 interactome, normal and tumoral tissue expression, and recurrent cancer mutations. Then, here we present an innovative approach to clarify DYRK2 functionality and importance. DYRK2 roles in diseases have been studied in detail, highlighting this kinase as a key protein in cancer development. First, DYRK2 regulation of c-Jun, c-Myc, Rpt3, TERT, and katanin p60 reveals the implication of this kinase in cell-cycle-mediated cancer development. Additionally, depletion of this kinase correlated with reduced apoptosis, with consequences on cancer patient response to chemotherapy. Other functions like cancer stem cell formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulation are also controlled by DYRK2. Furthermore, the pharmacological modulation of this protein by different inhibitors (harmine, curcumine, LDN192960, and ID-8) has enabled to clarify DYRK2 functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Jiménez-Izquierdo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martín Garrido-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Morrugares
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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15
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Park CS, Lacorazza HD. DYRK2 controls a key regulatory network in chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1663-1672. [PMID: 33067577 PMCID: PMC8080801 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a hematological cancer driven by the oncoprotein BCR-ABL1, and lifelong treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors extends patient survival to nearly the life expectancy of the general population. Despite advances in the development of more potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors to induce a durable deep molecular response, more than half of patients relapse upon treatment discontinuation. This clinical finding supports the paradigm that leukemia stem cells feed the neoplasm, resist tyrosine kinase inhibition, and reactivate upon drug withdrawal depending on the fitness of the patient's immune surveillance. This concept lends support to the idea that treatment-free remission is not achieved solely with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and that new molecular targets independent of BCR-ABL1 signaling are needed in order to develop adjuvant therapy to more efficiently eradicate the leukemia stem cell population responsible for chemoresistance and relapse. Future efforts must focus on the identification of new targets to support the discovery of potent and safe small molecules able to specifically eradicate the leukemic stem cell population. In this review, we briefly discuss molecular maintenance in leukemia stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia and provide a more in-depth discussion of the dual-specificity kinase DYRK2, which has been identified as a novel actionable checkpoint in a critical leukemic network. DYRK2 controls the activation of p53 and proteasomal degradation of c-MYC, leading to impaired survival and self-renewal of leukemia stem cells; thus, pharmacological activation of DYRK2 as an adjuvant to standard therapy has the potential to induce treatment-free remission.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Self Renewal/genetics
- Disease Susceptibility
- Energy Metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/etiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Protein Binding
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Dyrk Kinases
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Shik Park
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Daniel Lacorazza
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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16
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Boni J, Rubio-Perez C, López-Bigas N, Fillat C, de la Luna S. The DYRK Family of Kinases in Cancer: Molecular Functions and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082106. [PMID: 32751160 PMCID: PMC7465136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DYRK (dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases) are an evolutionary conserved family of protein kinases with members from yeast to humans. In humans, DYRKs are pleiotropic factors that phosphorylate a broad set of proteins involved in many different cellular processes. These include factors that have been associated with all the hallmarks of cancer, from genomic instability to increased proliferation and resistance, programmed cell death, or signaling pathways whose dysfunction is relevant to tumor onset and progression. In accordance with an involvement of DYRK kinases in the regulation of tumorigenic processes, an increasing number of research studies have been published in recent years showing either alterations of DYRK gene expression in tumor samples and/or providing evidence of DYRK-dependent mechanisms that contribute to tumor initiation and/or progression. In the present article, we will review the current understanding of the role of DYRK family members in cancer initiation and progression, providing an overview of the small molecules that act as DYRK inhibitors and discussing the clinical implications and therapeutic opportunities currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Boni
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Rubio-Perez
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-P.); (N.L.-B.)
| | - Nuria López-Bigas
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-P.); (N.L.-B.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-933-160-144
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17
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Morrugares R, Correa-Sáez A, Moreno R, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Muñoz E, de la Vega L, Calzado MA. Phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the NOTCH1 intracellular domain by dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2621-2639. [PMID: 31605148 PMCID: PMC7320039 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
NOTCH proteins constitute a receptor family with a widely conserved role in cell cycle, growing and development regulation. NOTCH1, the best characterised member of this family, regulates the expression of key genes in cell growth and angiogenesis, playing an essential role in cancer development. These observations provide a relevant rationale to propose the inhibition of the intracellular domain of NOTCH1 (Notch1-IC) as a strategy for treating various types of cancer. Notch1-IC stability is mainly controlled by post-translational modifications. FBXW7 ubiquitin E3 ligase-mediated degradation is considered one of the most relevant, being the previous phosphorylation at Thr-2512 residue required. In the present study, we describe for the first time a new regulation mechanism of the NOTCH1 signalling pathway mediated by DYRK2. We demonstrate that DYRK2 phosphorylates Notch1-IC in response to chemotherapeutic agents and facilitates its proteasomal degradation by FBXW7 ubiquitin ligase through a Thr-2512 phosphorylation-dependent mechanism. We show that DYRK2 regulation by chemotherapeutic agents has a relevant effect on the viability, motility and invasion capacity of cancer cells expressing NOTCH1. In summary, we reveal a novel mechanism of regulation for NOTCH1 which might help us to better understand its role in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Morrugares
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rita Moreno
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Martín Garrido-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
- Innohealth Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laureano de la Vega
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, James Arrott Drive, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n. 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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18
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Kumamoto T, Yamada K, Yoshida S, Aoki K, Hirooka S, Eto K, Yanaga K, Yoshida K. Impairment of DYRK2 by DNMT1‑mediated transcription augments carcinogenesis in human colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1529-1539. [PMID: 32236621 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual specificity tyrosine‑phosphorylation‑regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a protein kinase that functions as a novel tumor suppressor. Previous studies have reported that DYRK2 expression is decreased in colorectal cancer compared with adjacent non‑tumor tissues. However, the regulatory mechanisms by which the expression of DYRK2 is diminished remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the regulatory mechanisms of DYRK2 expression. The present study identified the promoter regions of the DYRK2 gene and demonstrated that they contained CpG islands in human cancer cells. In addition, the DYRK2 promoter region exhibited a higher level of methylation in colorectal cancer tissues compared with healthy tissues from clinical samples. DYRK2 expression was increased at the mRNA and protein level in colorectal cancer cell lines by treatment with 5‑Azacytidine, a demethylating agent. The results further demonstrated that knockdown of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 elevated DYRK2 expression in colorectal cancer cell lines. A colitis‑related mouse carcinogenesis model also exhibited a lower DYRK2 level in colorectal cancer tissues compared with adjacent non‑tumor tissues. In this model, nuclear staining of DNMT1 was detected in colorectal cancer cells, whereas a cytoplastic distribution pattern of DNMT1 staining was exhibited in healthy tissue. Overall, these findings suggested that DYRK2 expression was downregulated via transcriptional regulation by DNMT1 to elevate the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kumamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Saishu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Aoki
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hirooka
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Ken Eto
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105‑8461, Japan
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19
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The Underlying Mechanisms of Noncoding RNAs in the Chemoresistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:13-27. [PMID: 32505000 PMCID: PMC7270498 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies. Chemotherapeutic agents, such as sorafenib and lenvatinib, can improve the outcomes of HCC patients. Nevertheless, chemoresistance has become a major hurdle in the effective treatment of HCC. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including mircoRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been demonstrated to participate in the onset and progression of HCC. Moreover, multiple lines of evidence have indicated that ncRNAs also play a pivotal role in HCC drug resistance. ncRNAs can regulate drug efflux and metabolism, glucose metabolism, cellular death pathways, and malignant characteristics in HCC. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for ncRNA-mediated drug resistance in HCC will provide new opportunities for improving the treatment of HCC. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate HCC chemoresistance, as well as their potential clinical implications in overcoming HCC chemoresistance.
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20
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Lan X, Wu N, Wu L, Qu K, Osoro EK, Guan D, Du X, Wang B, Chen S, Miao J, Ren J, Liu L, Li H, Ning Q, Li D, Lu S. The Human Novel Gene LNC-HC Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation by Sequestering hsa-miR-183-5p. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:468-479. [PMID: 32278306 PMCID: PMC7150434 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated the aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in carcinogenesis and their universal regulatory properties. A thorough understanding of lncRNA regulatory roles in HCC pathology would contribute to HCC prevention and treatment. In this study, we identified a novel human lncRNA, LNC-HC, with significantly reduced levels in hepatic tumors from patients with HCC. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dimethyltetrazolium bromide) assays as well as colony formation and wound healing experiments showed that LNC-HC significantly inhibited the proliferation of the HCC cell line Huh7. Xenograft transplantation of LNC-HC-overexpressing Huh7 cells in nude mice resulted in the production of smaller tumors. Mechanistically, LNC-HC inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells by directly interacting with hsa-miR-183-5p. LNC-HC rescued the expression of five tumor suppressors, including AKAP12, DYRK2, FOXN3, FOXO1, and LATS2, that were verified as target genes of hsa-miR-183-5p. Overall, human LNC-HC was identified as a novel tumor suppressor that could inhibit HCC cell proliferation in vitro and suppress tumor growth in vivo by competitively binding hsa-miR-183-5p as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). These findings suggest that LNC-HC could be a biomarker of HCC and provide a novel therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Litao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ezra Kombo Osoro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxian Guan
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Sifan Chen
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Miao
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qilan Ning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Key Laboratory of the Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
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21
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Yoshida S, Yoshida K. Multiple functions of DYRK2 in cancer and tissue development. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2953-2965. [PMID: 31505048 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals. Accumulating studies have revealed that DYRKs have important roles in regulation of the cell cycle and survival. DYRK2, a member of the class II DYRK family protein, is a key regulator of p53, and phosphorylates it at Ser46 to induce apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Moreover, recent studies have uncovered that DYRK2 regulates G1/S transition, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, and stemness in human cancer cells. DYRK2 also appears to have roles in tissue development in lower eukaryotes. Thus, the elucidation of mechanisms for DYRK2 during mammalian tissue development will promote the understanding of cell differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and congenital diseases as well as cancer. In this review, we discuss the roles of DYRK2 in tumor cells. Moreover, we focus on DYRK2-dependent developmental mechanisms in several species including fly (Drosophila), worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saishu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Liebl MC, Hofmann TG. Cell Fate Regulation upon DNA Damage: p53 Serine 46 Kinases Pave the Cell Death Road. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900127. [PMID: 31621101 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mild and massive DNA damage are differentially integrated into the cellular signaling networks and, in consequence, provoke different cell fate decisions. After mild damage, the tumor suppressor p53 directs the cellular response to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cell survival, whereas upon severe damage, p53 drives the cell death response. One posttranslational modification of p53, phosphorylation at Serine 46, selectively occurs after severe DNA damage and is envisioned as a marker of the cell death response. However, the molecular mechanism of action of the p53 Ser46 phospho-isomer, the molecular timing of this phosphorylation event, and its activating effects on apoptosis and ferroptosis still await exploration. In this essay, the current body of evidence on the molecular function of this deadly p53 mark, its evolutionary conservation, and the regulation of the key players of this response, the p53 Serine 46 kinases, are reviewed and dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena C Liebl
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas G Hofmann
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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23
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Yokoyama-Mashima S, Yogosawa S, Kanegae Y, Hirooka S, Yoshida S, Horiuchi T, Ohashi T, Yanaga K, Saruta M, Oikawa T, Yoshida K. Forced expression of DYRK2 exerts anti-tumor effects via apoptotic induction in liver cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 451:100-109. [PMID: 30851422 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is highly aggressive and globally exhibits a poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of novel molecules that can become targets for future therapies is urgently required. We have reported that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating cell survival, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, the research into its clinical application as a molecular target has remained to be explored. Here we showed that DYRK2 knockdown enhanced tumor growth of liver cancer cells. Conversely and more importantly, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of DYRK2 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor growth, and induction of apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that liver cancer patients with low DYRK2 expression had a significantly shorter overall survival. Given the findings that DYRK2 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells, DYRK2 expression could be a promising predictive marker of the prognosis in liver cancer. Stabilized or forced expression of DYRK2 may become thus a potential target for novel gene therapy against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Yokoyama-Mashima
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Yogosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Kanegae
- Core Research Facilities for Basic Science (Division of Molecular Genetics), Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hirooka
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saishu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Horiuchi
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toya Ohashi
- Division of Gene Therapy, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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24
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Yogosawa S, Yoshida K. Tumor suppressive role for kinases phosphorylating p53 in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3376-3382. [PMID: 30191640 PMCID: PMC6215896 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays an important role in cancer prevention. Under normal conditions, p53 is maintained at a low level. However, in response to various cellular stresses, p53 is stabilized and activated, which, in turn, initiates DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. Post-translational modifications of p53 including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation at multiple sites are important to regulate its activation and subsequent transcriptional gene expression. Particularly, phosphorylation of p53 plays a critical role in modulating its activation to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. In this context, previous studies show that several serine/threonine kinases regulate p53 phosphorylation and downstream gene expression. The molecular basis by which p53 and its kinases induce apoptosis for cancer prevention has been extensively studied. However, the relationship between p53 phosphorylation and its kinases and how the activity of kinases is controlled are still largely unclear; hence, they need to be investigated. In this review, we discuss various roles for p53 phosphorylation and its responsible kinases to induce apoptosis and a new therapeutic approach in a broad range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Yogosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Lohitesh K, Chowdhury R, Mukherjee S. Resistance a major hindrance to chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: an insight. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:44. [PMID: 29568237 PMCID: PMC5859782 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality, accounting for almost 90% of total liver cancer burden. Surgical resection followed by adjuvant and systemic chemotherapy are the most meticulously followed treatment procedures but the complex etiology and high metastatic potential of the disease renders surgical treatment futile in majority of the cases. Another hindrance to the scenario is the acquired resistance to drugs resulting in relapse of the disease. Hence, to provide insights into development of novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers, this review focuses on the various molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance in HCC. We have provided a comprehensive summary of the various strategies adopted by HCC cells, extending from apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, drug expulsion to epigenetic transformation as modes of therapy resistance. The role of stem cells in imparting chemoresistance is also discussed. Furthermore, the review also focuses on how this knowledge might be exploited for the development of an effective, prospective therapy against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lohitesh
- Department of Biological-Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS), Campus, VidyaVihar, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Biological-Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS), Campus, VidyaVihar, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Biological-Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS), Campus, VidyaVihar, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031 India
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26
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Imawari Y, Mimoto R, Hirooka S, Morikawa T, Takeyama H, Yoshida K. Downregulation of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion by enhancing cyclin-dependent kinase 14 expression in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:363-372. [PMID: 29193658 PMCID: PMC5797831 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression is the main cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating cell survival, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, little is known about the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation by DYRK2 in cancer progression, particularly with respect to cancer proliferation and invasion. Here, using a comprehensive expression profiling approach, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 14 (CDK14) is a target of DYRK2. We found that reduced DYRK2 expression increases CDK14 expression, which promotes cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, in addition to tumorigenicity in vivo. CDK14 and DYRK2 expression inversely correlated in human breast cancer tissues. We further identified androgen receptor (AR) as a candidate of DYRK2-dependent transcription factors regulating CDK14. Taken together, our findings suggest a mechanism by which DYRK2 controls CDK14 expression to regulate tumor cell proliferation and invasion in breast cancer. Targeting of this pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Imawari
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Rei Mimoto
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shinichi Hirooka
- Department of PathologyJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | | | - Hiroshi Takeyama
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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27
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Chen HP, Lee YK, Huang SY, Shi PC, Hsu PC, Chang CF. Phthalate exposure promotes chemotherapeutic drug resistance in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 9:13167-13180. [PMID: 29568348 PMCID: PMC5862569 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers. Humans can be exposed to phthalates through ingestion, inhalation, or treatments that release di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolite, mono(2-ehylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), into the body from polyvinyl chloride-based medical devices. Phthalate exposure may induce reproductive toxicity, liver damage, and carcinogenesis in humans. This study found that colon cancer cells exposed to DEHP or MEHP exhibited increased cell viability and increased levels of P-glycoprotein, CD133, Bcl-2, Akt, ERK, GSK3β, and β-catenin when treated with oxaliplatin or irinotecan, as compared to control. The P-glycoprotein inhibitor, tariquidar, which blocks drug efflux, reduced the viability of DEHP- or MEHP-treated, anti-cancer drug-challenged cells. DEHP or MEHP treatment also induced colon cancer cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Elevated stemness-related protein levels (β-catenin, Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog) and increased cell sphere sizes indicated that DEHP- or MEHP-treated cells were capable of self-renewal. We also found that serum DEHP concentrations were positively correlated with cancer recurrence. These results suggest phthalate exposure enhances colon cancer cell metastasis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance by increasing cancer cell stemness, and that P-glycoprotein inhibitors might improve outcomes for advanced or drug-resistant colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Pao Chen
- Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan.,Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shih Yin Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Shi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chi Hsu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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28
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Ito D, Yogosawa S, Mimoto R, Hirooka S, Horiuchi T, Eto K, Yanaga K, Yoshida K. Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 is a suppressor and potential prognostic marker for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1565-1573. [PMID: 28502078 PMCID: PMC5543514 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The liver is a dominant metastatic site for patients with colorectal cancer. Molecular mechanisms that allow colorectal cancer cells to form liver metastases are largely unknown. Activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition is the key step for metastasis of cancer cells. We recently reported that dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study is to clarify whether DYRK2 regulates liver metastases of colorectal cancer. We show that the ability of cell invasion and migration was abrogated in DYRK2-overexpressing cells. In an in vivo xenograft model, liver metastatic lesions were markedly diminished by ectopic expression of DYRK2. Furthermore, we found that patients whose liver metastases expressed low DYRK2 levels had significantly worse overall and disease-free survival. Given the findings that DYRK2 regulates cancer cell metastasis, we concluded that the expression status of DYRK2 could be a predictive marker for liver metastases of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ito
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satomi Yogosawa
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Rei Mimoto
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shinichi Hirooka
- Department of PathologyJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Horiuchi
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ken Eto
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of BiochemistryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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29
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Mimoto R, Nihira NT, Hirooka S, Takeyama H, Yoshida K. Diminished DYRK2 sensitizes hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to everolimus by the escape from degrading mTOR. Cancer Lett 2017; 384:27-38. [PMID: 27746162 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, everolimus, provides benefit for metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer after failure of the endocrine therapy. The present report highlights Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 2 (DYRK2) as a predictive marker for everolimus sensitivity. The key node and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that mTORC1 pathway is activated in DYRK2-depleted cells. Everolimus was more effective in DYRK2-depleted cells compared with control cells. In xenograft model, everolimus treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with vehicle or eribulin treatment. In clinical analysis, patients with low DYRK2 expression acquired longer treatment period and had higher clinical benefit rate than those with high DYRK2 expression (171 vs 82 days; P < 0.05 and 50% vs 12.5%, respectively). We further investigated the underlying mechanism by which DYRK2 regulates mTORC1 pathway. The ectopic expression of DYRK2 promoted phosphorylation of Thr631 for the ubiquitination and degradation of mTOR. DYRK2 expression levels may thus predict clinical responses to everolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Mimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Naoe T Nihira
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Shinichi Hirooka
- Department of Pathology, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeyama
- Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
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