1
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Zhang L, Li X, Yue G, Guo L, Hu Y, Cui Q, Wang J, Tang J, Liu H. Nanodrugs systems for therapy and diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1233476. [PMID: 37520291 PMCID: PMC10373894 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1233476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of esophageal cancer, its diagnosis and treatment have become one of the key issues in medical research today. However, the current diagnostic and treatment methods face many unresolved issues, such as low accuracy of early diagnosis, painful treatment process for patients, and high recurrence rate after recovery. Therefore, new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer need to be further explored, and the rapid development of nanomaterials has brought new ideas for solving this problem. Nanomaterials used as drugs or drug delivery systems possess several advantages, such as high drug capacity, adjustably specific targeting capability, and stable structure, which endow nanomaterials great application potential in cancer therapy. However, even though the nanomaterials have been widely used in cancer therapy, there are still few reviews on their application in esophageal cancer, and systematical overview and analysis are deficient. Herein, we overviewed the application of nanodrug systems in therapy and diagnosis of esophageal cancer and summarized some representative case of their application in diagnosis, chemotherapy, targeted drug, radiotherapy, immunity, surgery and new therapeutic method of esophageal cancer. In addition, the nanomaterials used for therapy of esophageal cancer complications, esophageal stenosis or obstruction and oesophagitis, are also listed here. Finally, the challenge and the future of nanomaterials used in cancer therapy were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangxing Yue
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihao Guo
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingli Cui
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaimin Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Peng L, Zhang L. Research Progress on the Predicting Factors and Coping Strategies for Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010114. [PMID: 36611908 PMCID: PMC9818463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis in China. Currently, the treatment of esophageal cancer is still based on surgery, especially in early and mid-stage patients, to achieve the goal of radical cure. However, esophageal cancer is a kind of tumor with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis are the leading causes of death after surgery. Although multimodal comprehensive treatment has advanced in recent years, the prediction, prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of esophageal cancer are still unsatisfactory. How to reduce recurrence and metastasis in patients after surgery remains an urgent problem to be solved. Given the clinical demand for early detection of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, clinical and basic research aiming to meet this demand has been a hot topic, and progress has been observed in recent years. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the factors that influence and predict postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, hoping to provide new research directions and treatment strategies for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence:
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Kulkarni A, Gayathrinathan S, Nair S, Basu A, Al-Hilal TA, Roy S. Regulatory Roles of Noncoding RNAs in the Progression of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Health Disparities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152448. [PMID: 35954293 PMCID: PMC9367924 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Annually, more than a million individuals are diagnosed with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers worldwide. With the advancements in radio- and chemotherapy and surgery, the survival rates for GI cancer patients have improved in recent years. However, the prognosis for advanced-stage GI cancers remains poor. Site-specific GI cancers share a few common risk factors; however, they are largely distinct in their etiologies and descriptive epidemiologic profiles. A large number of mutations or copy number changes associated with carcinogenesis are commonly found in noncoding DNA regions, which transcribe several noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are implicated to regulate cancer initiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in GI cancer development, progression, chemoresistance, and health disparities. We also highlight the potential roles of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers, mainly focusing on their ethnicity-/race-specific prognostic value, and discuss the prospects of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the contribution of ncRNAs in GI tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Kulkarni
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sharan Gayathrinathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Soumya Nair
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Anamika Basu
- Copper Mountain College, Joshua Tree, CA 92252, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Taslim A. Al-Hilal
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Correspondence:
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Deng Y, Li Y, Wu T, Chen X, Li X, Cai K, Wu X. RAD6 Positively Affects Tumorigenesis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Histone Ubiquitination of CCNB1. Biol Proced Online 2022; 24:4. [PMID: 35321657 PMCID: PMC8943946 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-022-00165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is deadly cancer worldwide with unknown etiology. This study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of RAD6 on the development of Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Expressions of RAD6A and RAD6B in ESCA were investigated from TCGA dataset and their expressions in tissue sample of ESCA patients and cells were determined. Functional experiments were conducted to explore the impact of RAD6A and RAD6B on malignant characteristics of several kinds of ESCC cells. Animal experiment was established and injected with RAD6A and RAD6B shRNA to evaluate the effect on tumor growth. RAD6A and RAD6B were up-regulated in ESCC cells and tissues. Overexpressed RAD6A and RAD6B similarly increased ESCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and silencing of RAD6 exerted opposite effects. Knockdown of RAD6A suppressed tumor growth and decreased the level of H2B, as data demonstrated positive correlation between RAD6A and CCNB1 in ESCC tissues. Collectively, this study elucidates that RAD6 is up-regulated in ESCC and promotes the progression of ESCC through up-regulation of CCNB1 to enhance H2B ubiquitination. These evidence provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of ESCC and might contribute to the development of targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tiantong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Uzuner E, Ulu GT, Gürler SB, Baran Y. The Role of MiRNA in Cancer: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2257:375-422. [PMID: 34432288 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1170-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is also determined by the alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. These gene expressions can be regulated by microRNAs (miRNA). At this point, researchers focus on addressing two main questions: "How are oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes regulated by miRNAs?" and "Which other mechanisms in cancer cells are regulated by miRNAs?" In this work we focus on gathering the publications answering these questions. The expression of miRNAs is affected by amplification, deletion or mutation. These processes are controlled by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which regulate different mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression including cell proliferation, cell growth, apoptosis, DNA repair, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, metabolic regulation, and immune response regulation in cancer cells. In addition, profiling of miRNA is an important step in developing a new therapeutic approach for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Uzuner
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gizem Tugçe Ulu
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevim Beyza Gürler
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Baran
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey.
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Huskey ALW, McNeely I, Merner ND. CEACAM Gene Family Mutations Associated With Inherited Breast Cancer Risk - A Comparative Oncology Approach to Discovery. Front Genet 2021; 12:702889. [PMID: 34447411 PMCID: PMC8383343 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.702889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies comparing canine mammary tumors (CMTs) and human breast cancers have revealed remarkable tumor similarities, identifying shared expression profiles and acquired mutations. CMTs can also provide a model of inherited breast cancer susceptibility in humans; thus, we investigated breed-specific whole genome sequencing (WGS) data in search for novel CMT risk factors that could subsequently explain inherited breast cancer risk in humans. Methods WGS was carried out on five CMT-affected Gold Retrievers from a large pedigree of 18 CMT-affected dogs. Protein truncating variants (PTVs) detected in all five samples (within human orthlogs) were validated and then genotyped in the 13 remaining CMT-affected Golden Retrievers. Allele frequencies were compared to canine controls. Subsequently, human blood-derived exomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer cases were analyzed and allele frequencies were compared to Exome Variant Server ethnic-matched controls. Results Carcinoembryonic Antigen-related Cell Adhesion Molecule 24 (CEACAM24) c.247dupG;p.(Val83Glyfs∗48) was the only validated variant and had a frequency of 66.7% amongst the 18 Golden Retrievers with CMT. This was significant compared to the European Variation Archive (p-value 1.52 × 10–8) and non-Golden Retriever American Kennel Club breeds (p-value 2.48 × 10–5). With no direct ortholog of CEACAM24 in humans but high homology to all CEACAM gene family proteins, all human CEACAM genes were investigated for PTVs. A total of six and sixteen rare PTVs were identified in African and European American breast cancer cases, respectively. Single variant assessment revealed five PTVs associated with breast cancer risk. Gene-based aggregation analyses revealed that rare PTVs in CEACAM6, CEACAM7, and CEACAM8 are associated with European American breast cancer risk, and rare PTVs in CEACAM7 are associated with breast cancer risk in African Americans. Ultimately, rare PTVs in the entire CEACAM gene family are associated with breast cancer risk in both European and African Americans with respective p-values of 1.75 × 10–13 and 1.87 × 10–04. Conclusion This study reports the first association of inherited CEACAM mutations and breast cancer risk, and potentially implicates the whole gene family in genetic risk. Precisely how these mutations contribute to breast cancer needs to be determined; especially considering our current knowledge on the role that the CEACAM gene family plays in tumor development, progression, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L W Huskey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Isaac McNeely
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nancy D Merner
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Khatun MS, Alam MA, Shoombuatong W, Mollah MNH, Kurata H, Hasan MM. Recent development of bioinformatics tools for microRNA target prediction. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:865-880. [PMID: 34348604 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210804090224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are central players that regulate the post-transcriptional processes of gene expression. Binding of miRNAs to target mRNAs can repress their translation by inducing the degradation or by inhibiting the translation of the target mRNAs. High-throughput experimental approaches for miRNA target identification are costly and time-consuming, depending on various factors. It is vitally important to develop the bioinformatics methods for accurately predicting miRNA targets. With the increase of RNA sequences in the post-genomic era, bioinformatics methods are being developed for miRNA studies specially for miRNA target prediction. This review summarizes the current development of state-of-the-art bioinformatics tools for miRNA target prediction, points out the progress and limitations of the available miRNA databases, and their working principles. Finally, we discuss the caveat and perspectives of the next-generation algorithms for the prediction of miRNA targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Shamima Khatun
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502. Japan
| | - Md Ashad Alam
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Division of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112. United States
| | - Watshara Shoombuatong
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700. Thailand
| | - Md Nurul Haque Mollah
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. 5Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083. Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kurata
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502. Japan
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502. Japan
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Li L, Xie R, Wei Q. Network analysis of miRNA targeting m6A-related genes in patients with esophageal cancer. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11893. [PMID: 34395102 PMCID: PMC8325912 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the miRNA-m6A related gene network and identified a miRNA-based prognostic signature in patients with esophageal cancer using integrated genomic analysis. Methods We obtained expression data for m6A-related genes and miRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Survival analysis was conducted to identify potential prognostic biomarkers. LASSO Cox regression was performed to construct the overall survival (OS) associated prediction signature. We used the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to explore the signature's efficiency and accuracy. Interactions between the m6A-related genes and miRNAs were identified in starBase3.0 and used to construct the miRNA-m6A related gene network. Results We found that HNRNPC, YTHDF, ZC3H13, YTHDC2, and METTL14 were dysregulated in esophageal cancer tissues. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that HNRNPC may be an independent risk factor for OS. Five hundred twenty-two potential upstream miRNAs were obtained from starBase3.0. Four miRNAs (miR-186, miR-320c, miR-320d, and miR-320b) were used to construct a prognostic signature, which could serve as a prognostic predictor independent from routine clinicopathological features. Finally, we constructed a key miRNA-m6A related gene network and used one m6A-related gene and four miRNAs associated with the prognosis. The results of our bioinformatics analysis were successfully validated in the human esophageal carcinoma cell lines KYSE30 and TE-1. Conclusion Our study identified a 4-miRNA prognostic signature and established a key miRNA-m6A related gene network. These tools may reliably assist with esophageal cancer patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang L, Tong Z, Sun Z, Zhu G, Shen E, Huang Y. MiR-25-3p targets PTEN to regulate the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20201901. [PMID: 32985648 PMCID: PMC7560540 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. MiR-25-3p was proved to be a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of many cancers. MiR-25-3p was found to be high expressed in the blood of EC patients. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of miR-25-3p and its target gene on EC. METHODS miR-25-3p expression in the blood of EC patients and EC cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The target of miR-25-3p was identified by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay. After transfection, cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were detected by MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The expressions of PTEN, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved Caspase-3, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT were detected by Western blot. RESULTS MiR-25-3p was high expressed in the blood of EC patients and EC cells. MiR-25-3p targeted PTEN and inhibited the expression of PTEN. MiR-25-3p mimic increased the viability, migration, invasion and the expressions of Bcl-2, and inhibited the apoptosis and the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in EC cells. MiR-25-3p mimic also enhanced the expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT and the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT in EC cells. PTEN overexpression not only had an opposite effect of miR-25-3p mimic, but also reversed the effect of miR-25-3p mimic on EC cells. CONCLUSION MiR-25-3p targeted PTEN to promote the migration and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis of EC cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway, which might provide a new therapeutic target for EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110042, China
| | - Zhuang Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110042, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Guolian Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shenyang Fifth People Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Erdong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang First People’s Hospital, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110042, China
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Accordino G, Lettieri S, Bortolotto C, Benvenuti S, Gallotti A, Gattoni E, Agustoni F, Pozzi E, Rinaldi P, Primiceri C, Morbini P, Lancia A, Stella GM. From Interconnection between Genes and Microenvironment to Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Upper Gastro-Intestinal Cancers-A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082105. [PMID: 32751137 PMCID: PMC7465773 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choosing a tailored treatment. Data from large studies investigating the role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers are promising but further investigations are necessary to better select those patients who can mostly benefit from these novel therapies. This review will focus on the treatment of metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We will review the standard of care and the role of novel therapies such as immunotherapies and CAR-T. Moreover, we will focus on the analysis of potential predictive biomarkers such as Modify as: Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and PD-L1, which may lead to treatment personalization and improved treatment outcomes. A multidisciplinary point of view is mandatory to generate an integrated approach to properly exploit these novel antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Accordino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Sara Lettieri
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Chandra Bortolotto
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Benvenuti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l’Oncologia (FPO)-IRCCS-Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy;
| | - Anna Gallotti
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Gattoni
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) AL, 27000 Casale Monferrato (AL), Italy;
| | - Francesco Agustoni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (F.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Emma Pozzi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (F.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Pietro Rinaldi
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (P.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristiano Primiceri
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (P.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Unit of Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Lancia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Radiation Therapy, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giulia Maria Stella
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382503369; Fax: +39-0382502719
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Yang B, Liu Y, Li L, Deng H, Xian L. MicroRNA‑200a promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through extensive target genes. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2073-2084. [PMID: 32323771 PMCID: PMC7115244 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite investigations into microRNA (miRNA) expression in esophageal cancer (EC) tissue, miRNAs that participate in EC pathogenesis and their subsequent mechanisms of action remain to be determined. The present study aimed to identify important miRNAs that contribute to EC development, and to assess miRNA biomarkers that could be used in EC diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to reanalyze EC tissue miRNA expression microarray dataset GSE113776, which was followed by in vitro verification of miRNA functions using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. Out of 93 miRNAs extracted, only miR‑200a was significantly increased in EC tissues. Transfection of KYSE150 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells with miR‑200a mimics significantly increased their proliferative, migratory and invasive ability, whereas the opposite cell behaviors were observed in ESCC cells transfected with a miR‑200a inhibitor. A total of six miR‑200a target genes [catenin β1 (CTNNB1), cadherin‑1 (CDH1), PTEN, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), catenin α1 (CTNNA1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2)] were selected for further analysis based on Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, protein‑protein interaction network map data and protein expression in esophageal tissue. These target genes were downregulated under miR‑200a expression and upregulated in the presence of the miR‑200a inhibitor. The association between miR‑200a and the 3'‑untranslated region of target genes in ESCC cells was confirmed using a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR‑200a may participate in the promotion of ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and provided novel evidence for the direct interaction between miR‑200a and CTNNB1, CDH1, PTEN, APC, CTNNA1 and SOD2, which may contribute to the observed altered cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Lipeng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Hailong Deng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
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