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Qin W, Jiang J, Wu J, Xie Y, Wu Z, Sun M, Bao W. Exosomal ssc-miR-1343 targets FAM131C to regulate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in pigs. Vet Res 2024; 55:91. [PMID: 39039559 PMCID: PMC11264985 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea in piglets, thereby causing very significant economic losses for the global swine industry. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the infection caused by PEDV. However, the precise molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the regulation of PEDV infection is still not fully understood. In the present study, we utilized miRNA-seq analysis to identify ssc-miR-1343 with differential expression between PEDV-infected and normal piglets. The expression of ssc-miR-1343 was detected in isolated exosomes, and it was found to be significantly higher than that in the controls following PEDV infection. The ssc-miR-1343 mimic was found to decrease PEDV replication, whereas the ssc-miR-1343 inhibitor was observed to increase PEDV replication, and ssc-miR-1343 was delivered by exosomes during PEDV infection. Mechanistically, ssc-miR-1343 binds to the 3'UTR region of FAM131C, down-regulating its expression, and FAM131C has been shown to enhance PEDV replication through simultaneously suppressing pathways associated with innate immunity. The ssc-miR-1343/FAM131C axis was found to upregulate the host immune response against PEDV infection. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the transport of ssc-miR-1343 in exosomes is involved in PEDV infection. This discovery presents a new potential target for the development of drugs to treat PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 22530, China
| | - Yunxiao Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Mingan Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Zhang H, Ren C, Liu Q, Wang Q, Wang D. TFAP2C exacerbates psoriasis-like inflammation by promoting Th17 and Th1 cells activation through regulating TEAD4 transcription. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:124-134. [PMID: 37169570 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i3.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is one of the chronic and autoimmune skin diseases. It is important to uncover the mechanisms underlying the psoriasis. Transcription factor activator protein (TFAP-2) gamma, also known as AP2-gamma, is a protein encoded by the TFAP2C gene. Immune-mediated pathophysiological processes could be linked to psoriasis, but the mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, to date the cause of psoriasis has not been understood completely. MATERIALS AND METHODS Psoriasis is a complex disease triggered by genetic, immunological, and environmental stimuli. Keratinocytes play an important role in both initiation and maintenance phases of psoriasis. A psoriatic keratinocyte model was established by stimulating high sensitivity of human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) to topoisomerase inhibitor cell lines using the accumulation of M5 cytokines comprising interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-22, oncostatin M, IL-1α, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The TFAP2C and transcriptional enhanced associate domain 4 (TEAD4) genes expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to examine protein expression. Cell viability (quantitative) of keratinocytes, including cytotoxicity, proliferation, and cell activation, was evaluated by the MTT assay. The relative percentage values of interleukin (IL)-17a, interferon gamma, and IL-4+ cells were measured by flow cytometry. Accordingly, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were applied to evaluate the binding affinity of TFAP2C and TEAD4 promoter. RESULTS Level of the TFAP2C gene was elevated in the lesional skin of psoriasis patients. On the other hand, silencing of the TFAP2C gene suppressed the proliferation and inflammatory response in M5-induced keratinocytes. In addition, inhibition of TFAP2C alleviated imiquimod (IMQ)-induced skin injury in mice model. We also observed that suppression of TFAP2C inhibited the activation of T-helper 17 (Th17) and Th1 cells in IMQ-induced mice model. Mechanically, TFAP2C promoted TEAD4 transcriptional activation. CONCLUSION TFAP2C exacerbated psoriasis-like inflammation by increasing the activation of Th17 and Th1 cells by regulating TEAD4 transcription. This finding clearly indicated that TFAP2C could be considered a valuable biomarker for the prevention and treatment for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Cuimin Ren
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dahu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China;
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Li S, Han Y, Zhang Q, Tang D, Li J, Weng L. Comprehensive molecular analyses of an autoimmune-related gene predictive model and immune infiltrations using machine learning methods in moyamoya disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:991425. [PMID: 36605987 PMCID: PMC9808060 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.991425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Growing evidence suggests the links between moyamoya disease (MMD) and autoimmune diseases. However, the molecular mechanism from genetic perspective remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the potential roles of autoimmune-related genes (ARGs) in the pathogenesis of MMD. Methods: Two transcription profiles (GSE157628 and GSE141025) of MMD were downloaded from GEO databases. ARGs were obtained from the Gene and Autoimmune Disease Association Database (GAAD) and DisGeNET databases. Differentially expressed ARGs (DEARGs) were identified using "limma" R packages. GO, KEGG, GSVA, and GSEA analyses were conducted to elucidate the underlying molecular function. There machine learning methods (LASSO logistic regression, random forest (RF), support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE)) were used to screen out important genes. An artificial neural network was applied to construct an autoimmune-related signature predictive model of MMD. The immune characteristics, including immune cell infiltration, immune responses, and HLA gene expression in MMD, were explored using ssGSEA. The miRNA-gene regulatory network and the potential therapeutic drugs for hub genes were predicted. Results: A total of 260 DEARGs were identified in GSE157628 dataset. These genes were involved in immune-related pathways, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. We identified six diagnostic genes by overlapping the three machine learning algorithms: CD38, PTPN11, NOTCH1, TLR7, KAT2B, and ISG15. A predictive neural network model was constructed based on the six genes and presented with great diagnostic ability with area under the curve (AUC) = 1 in the GSE157628 dataset and further validated by GSE141025 dataset. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the abundance of eosinophils, natural killer T (NKT) cells, Th2 cells were significant different between MMD and controls. The expression levels of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DMA, HLA-DRB6, HLA-F, and HLA-G were significantly upregulated in MMD. Four miRNAs (mir-26a-5p, mir-1343-3p, mir-129-2-3p, and mir-124-3p) were identified because of their interaction at least with four hub DEARGs. Conclusion: Machine learning was used to develop a reliable predictive model for the diagnosis of MMD based on ARGs. The uncovered immune infiltration and gene-miRNA and gene-drugs regulatory network may provide new insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hydrocephalus Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Weng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Ling Weng,
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Wang LL, Zheng W, Liu XL, Yin F. Somatic mutations in FAT cadherin family members constitute an underrecognized subtype of colorectal adenocarcinoma with unique clinicopathologic features. World J Clin Oncol 2022; 13:779-788. [PMID: 36337316 PMCID: PMC9630991 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i10.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FAT cadherin family members (FAT1, FAT2, FAT3 and FAT4) are conserved tumor suppressors that are recurrently mutated in several types of human cancers, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC).
AIM To characterize the clinicopathologic features of CRC patients with somatic mutations in FAT cadherin family members.
METHODS We analyzed 526 CRC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas PanCancer Atlas dataset. CRC samples were subclassified into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of somatic mutations in FAT1, FAT2, FAT3 and FAT4. Individual clinicopathological data were collected after digital slide review. Statistical analysis was performed using t tests and chi-square tests.
RESULTS This CRC study cohort had frequent mutations in the FAT1 (10.5%), FAT2 (11.2%), FAT3 (15.4%) and FAT4 (23.4%) genes. Two hundred CRC patients (38.0%) harbored somatic mutations in one or more of the FAT family genes and were grouped into the FAT mutated CRC subtype. The FAT-mutated CRC subtype was more commonly located on the right side of the colon (51.0%) than in the rest of the cohort (30.1%, P < 0.001). It showed favorable clinicopathologic features, including a lower rate of positive lymph nodes (pN1-2: 33.5% vs 46.4%, P = 0.005), a lower rate of metastasis to another site or organ (pM1: 7.5% vs 16.3%, P = 0.006), and a trend toward an early tumor stage (pT1-2: 25.0% vs 18.7%, P = 0.093). FAT somatic mutations were significantly enriched in microsatellite instability CRC (28.0% vs 2.1%, P < 0.001). However, FAT somatic mutations in microsatellite stable CRC demonstrated similar clinicopathologic behaviors, as well as a trend of a better disease-free survival rate (hazard ratio = 0.539; 95% confidence interval: 0.301-0.967; log-rank P = 0.073).
CONCLUSION FAT cadherin family genes are frequently mutated in CRC, and their mutation profile defines a subtype of CRC with favorable clinicopathologic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Xiu-Li Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
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Liu J, Yang T, Huang Z, Chen H, Bai Y. Transcriptional regulation of nuclear miRNAs in tumorigenesis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:92. [PMID: 35593304 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a type of endogenous non‑coding small RNA that regulates gene expression. miRNAs regulate gene expression at the post‑transcriptional level by targeting the 3'‑untranslated region (3'UTR) of cytoplasmic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Recent research has confirmed the presence of mature miRNAs in the nucleus, which bind nascent RNA transcripts, gene promoter or enhancer regions, and regulate gene expression via epigenetic pathways. Some miRNAs have been shown to function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes by modulating molecular pathways involved in human cancers. Notably, a novel molecular mechanism underlying the dysregulation of miRNA expression in cancer has recently been discovered, indicating that miRNAs may be involved in tumorigenesis via a nuclear function that influences gene transcription and epigenetic states, elucidating their potential therapeutic implications. The present review article discusses the import of nuclear miRNAs, nucleus‑cytoplasm transport mechanisms and the nuclear functions of miRNAs in cancer. In addition, some software tools for predicting miRNA binding sites are also discussed. Nuclear miRNAs supplement miRNA regulatory networks in cancer as a non‑canonical aspect of miRNA action. Further research into this aspect may be critical for understanding the role of nuclear miRNAs in the development of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, P.R. China
| | - Tianhao Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, P.R. China
| | - Zishen Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, P.R. China
| | - Yinshan Bai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528225, P.R. China
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