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Yalcın B, Onder GO, Goktepe O, Suna PA, Mat OC, Koseoglu E, Cetindag E, Baran M, Bitgen N, Öz Gergı N Ö, Yay A. Enhanced kidney damage induced by increasing nonylphenol doses: impact on autophagy-related proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38769906 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2358348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is an organic pollutant and endocrine disruptor chemical that has harmful effects on the environment and living organisms. This study looked at whether kidney tissues subjected to increasing doses of nonylphenol generated alterations in histopathologic, pro-inflammatory, and autophagic markers. Fifty rats were divided into five groups of ten each: group I: healthy group, II: control (corn oil), group III: 25 μl/kg NP, group IV: 50 μl/kg NP, group V: 75 μl/kg NP. The kidney tissue samples were obtained for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses. The histological deteriorations observed in all NP groups included tubular epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation areas, and hemorrhage. The immunohistochemical investigations showed that NP significantly elevated the autophagy markers (Beclin-1, LC3A/B, p62), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), HIF-1α, and eNOS in group III, IV and V compared with group I and II. The biochemical analysis also revealed that pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) increased in correlation with the NP doses, but only IL-1β reached statistical significance in NP treated rats kidney tissue. The biochemical findings have been confirmed by the histological studies. The damage to renal tissue caused by NP exposure may worsen it by increasing inflammatory and autophagic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Yalcın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozge Onder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Goktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Pınar Alisan Suna
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cengiz Mat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eda Koseoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emre Cetindag
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munevver Baran
- Department of Pharmacy Basic Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Bitgen
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özlem Öz Gergı N
- Department of Surgical Medicine Science, Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Karaman E, Onder GO, Goktepe O, Karakas E, Mat OC, Bolat D, Koseoglu E, Tur K, Baran M, Ermis M, Balcioglu E, Yay A. Protective Effects of Boric Acid Taken in Different Ways on Experimental Ovarian İschemia and Reperfusion. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2730-2743. [PMID: 37743417 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian ischemia is a gynecological emergency that occurs as a result of ovarian torsion, affects women of reproductive age, and reduces ovarian reserve. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of boric acid taken in different ways on histopathological changes, autophagy, oxidative stress, and DNA damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion in the ovary of adult female rats. We established seven groups of 70 adult female rats: untreated control, intraperitoneal boric acid group (IpBA), oral boric acid group (OBA), ischemia/reperfusion group (ischemia/2 h reperfusion; OIR), ischemia/reperfusion and local boric acid group (OIR + LBA), ischemia/reperfusion and intraperitoneal boric acid group (OIR + IpBA), and ischemia/reperfusion and oral boric acid group (OIR + OBA). On the 31st day of the experimental procedure, both ovaries were harvested for histologic (hematoxylen and eosin and Masson trichrom), biochemical (ELISA and AMH, MDA, SOD, and CAT analyses), and comet evaluation. In the OIR group, hemorrhage, edema, inflammation, and diminished follicle reserve were seen in the ovary. Boric acid treatment reduced the ovarian ischemia/reperfusion damage, and the follicles exhibited similar morphological features to the control group. Moreover, boric acid treatment decreased the levels of Hsp70, NF-KB, COX-2, and CD31, which increased as a result of OIR. On the other hand, SCF and AMH levels, which decreased as a result of OIR, increased with boric acid treatment. The levels of autophagy markers (Beclin-1, LC3, and p62) reached values close to those of the control group. According to the biochemical findings, it was concluded that boric acid is also effective on oxidative stress, and the AMH level was particularly high in the OIR + OBA group, consistent with the immunohistochemical staining result. In addition, it was observed that the DNA damage caused by OIR reached values close to those of the control group, especially in the OBA after OIR. This study showed the therapeutic effects of boric acid on OIR injuries; thus, boric acid may be a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian protection and fertility preservation in cases that may cause ovarian torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Karaman
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Savur Prof Dr Aziz Sancar District State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozge Onder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Goktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Erol Karakas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kayseri State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cengiz Mat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Demet Bolat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eda Koseoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kardelen Tur
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munevver Baran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ermis
- Experimental Researches and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esra Balcioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Gil-Martín E, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Egea J, Romero A. Potential of melatonin to reverse epigenetic aberrations in oral cancer: new findings. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1280-1310. [PMID: 38234969 PMCID: PMC10792176 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
It is now an accepted principle that epigenetic alterations cause cellular dyshomeostasis and functional changes, both of which are essential for the initiation and completion of the tumor cycle. Oral carcinogenesis is no exception in this regard, as most of the tumors in the different subsites of the oral cavity arise from the cross-reaction between (epi)genetic inheritance and the huge challenge of environmental stressors. Currently, the biochemical machinery is put at the service of the tumor program, halting the cell cycle, triggering uncontrolled proliferation, driving angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, until the archetypes of the tumor phenotype are reached. Melatonin has the ability to dynamically affect the epigenetic code. It has become accepted that melatonin can reverse (epi)genetic aberrations present in oral and other cancers, suggesting the possibility of enhancing the oncostatic capacity of standard multimodal treatments by incorporating this indolamine as an adjuvant. First steps in this direction confirm the potential of melatonin as a countermeasure to mitigate the detrimental side effects of conventional first-line radiochemotherapy. This single effect could produce synergies of extraordinary clinical importance, allowing doses to be increased and treatments not to be interrupted, ultimately improving patients' quality of life and prognosis. Motivated by the urgency of improving the medical management of oral cancer, many authors advocate moving from in vitro and preclinical research, where the bulk of melatonin cancer research is concentrated, to systematic randomized clinical trials on large cohorts. Recognizing the challenge to improve the clinical management of cancer, our motivation is to encourage comprehensive and robust research to reveal the clinical potential of melatonin in oral cancer control. To improve the outcome and quality of life of patients with oral cancer, here we provide the latest evidence of the oncolytic activity that melatonin can achieve by manipulating epigenetic patterns in oronasopharyngeal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Gil-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela University of Madrid (UCJC), 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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