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Iramina H, Nakamura M, Sasaki M, Mizowaki T. Performance of cone-beam computed tomography imaging during megavoltage beam irradiation under phase-gated conditions. Phys Med 2024; 123:103409. [PMID: 38870644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Target positions should be acquired during beam delivery for accurate lung stereotactic body radiotherapy. We aimed to perform kilovoltage (kV) imaging during beam irradiation (intra-irradiation imaging) under phase-gated conditions and evaluate its performance. METHODS Catphan 504 and QUASAR respiratory motion phantoms were used to evaluate image quality and target detectability, respectively. TrueBeam STx linac and the Developer Mode was used. The imaging parameters were 125 kVp and 1.2 mAs/projection. Flattened megavoltage (MV) X-ray beam energies 6, 10 and 15 MV and un-flattened beam energies 6 and 10 MV were used with field sizes of 5 × 5 and 15 × 15 cm2 and various frame rates for intra-irradiation imaging. In addition, using a QUASAR phantom, intra-irradiation imaging was performed during intensity-modulated plan delivery. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the CT-number for the inserted rods, image noise, visual assessment, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were evaluated. RESULTS The RMSEs of intra-irradiation cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images under gated conditions were 50-230 Hounsfield Unit (HU) (static < 30 HU). The noise of the intra-irradiation CBCT images under gated conditions was 15-35 HU, whereas that of the standard CBCT images was 8.8-27.2 HU. Lower frame rates exhibited large RMSEs and noise; however, the iterative reconstruction algorithm (IR) was effective at improving these values. Approximately 7 fps with the IR showed an equivalent CNR of 15 fps without the IR. The target was visible on all the gated intra-irradiation CBCT images. CONCLUSION Several image quality improvements are required; however, intra-irradiated CBCT images showed good visual target detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Iramina
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Division of Clinical Radiology Service, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Takashi Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Appel S, Lawrence YR, Bar J, Jacobson G, Marom EM, Katzman T, Ben-Ayun M, Dubinski S, Haisraely O, Weizman N, Davidson T, Weiss I, Mansano A, Goldstein JD, Symon Z. Deep inspiratory breath hold assisted by continuous positive airway pressure ventilation for lung stereotactic body radiotherapy. Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:23-30. [PMID: 36057519 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation hyperinflates the lungs and reduces diaphragmatic motion. We hypothesized that CPAP could be safely combined with deep inspiratory breath hold (CPAP-DIBH) during lung stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with stage-1 lung cancer or lung metastasis treated with CPAP-DIBH SBRT between 3/2017-5/2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Patient characteristics, treatment parameters, duration of breath holds in all sessions and tolerance to CPAP-DIBH were recorded. Local control (LC) was assessed from CT or PET-CT imaging. The distances between the tumor and mediastinal organs at risk (OAR) in centrally located tumors using either free breathing (FB) or CPAP-DIBH were compared. Toxicity was graded retrospectively. RESULTS Forty-five patients with 71 lesions were treated with CPAP-DIBH SBRT. Indications for CPAP-DIBH were prior radiation (35/71, 65%), lower lobe location (34/71, 48%), multiple lesions (26/71, 36.6%) and proximity to mediastinal OAR (7/71, 10%). Patient characteristics were: F:M 43%: 57%; mean gross tumor volume 4.5cm3 (SD 7.9), mean planning target volume 20cm3 (SD 27), primary: metastatic lesions (7%:93%). Mean radiation dose was 52.5 Gray (SD3.5). Mean lung volume was 5292cm3 (SD 1106). Mean duration of CPAP-DIBH was 41.3s (IQR 31-46.8). LC at 2 years was 89.5% (95% CI 76-95.5). In patients with central lesions, the distance between the tumor and mediastinal OAR increased from 0.84cm (SD 0.65) with FB to 1.23cm (SD 0.8) with CPAP-DIBH (p=0.002). Most patients tolerated CPAP well and completed all treatments after starting therapy. Three patients did not receive treatment: 2 were unable to tolerate CPAP and 1 had syncope (pre-existing). Toxicity was grade 2 in 4/65 (6%) and grade 3 in 1/65 (1.5%). There was no grade 2 or higher esophageal or tracheal toxicities. CONCLUSION CPAP-DIBH assisted lung SBRT was tolerated well and was associated with minimal toxicity and favorable LC. This technique may be considered when treating multiple lung lesions, lesions located in the lower lobes or adjacent to mediastinal OAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Appel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Yaacov Richard Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jair Bar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Galia Jacobson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Edith M Marom
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tamar Katzman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maoz Ben-Ayun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sergei Dubinski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ory Haisraely
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Weizman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tima Davidson
- Nuclear Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ilana Weiss
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mansano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Zvi Symon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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