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D'Alessandro AG, Desantis S, Fracchiolla G, Porrelli R, Dibenedetto RS, Di Luca A, Martemucci G. Response of laying hens fed diet supplemented with a mixture of olive, laurel, and rosemary leaf powders: Metabolic profile, oxidative status, intestinal histomorphology, and egg quality. Res Vet Sci 2024; 174:105294. [PMID: 38744020 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a mixture of olive, laurel, and rosemary leaf powders, on the oxidative state, biochemical, immune, intestinal morphophysiological parameters, and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred Lohmann Brown hens (28 weeks old) were equally assigned to two groups (n. 50) corresponding to a basal control diet (CON) or the diet supplemented with 6 g/kg feed of leaf powder mixture (LPM) containing olive, laurel, and rosemary leaves (1:1:1), for 60 days. Oxidative status, biochemical indices, immune response, cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), intestinal morphological characteristics, and some egg traits were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The results indicated that LPM improved (P < 0.05) the oxidative status (TOS, ROMs), the immune system (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), the total protein and HDL cholesterol content, whereas it decreased (P < 0.05) total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alanine aminotransferase were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the LPM than in the CON group. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in SCFA content in the caecum, as well as in villi height and crypt depth in both duodenum and ileum of LPM-treated hens, was observed. Egg quality parameters were not influenced (P > 0.05) by LPM. These findings indicate that LPM can be considered a candidate as an antioxidant ingredient for functional food in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Desantis
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. 62 per Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano (Bari), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DiSSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Wang J, Liu Z, Lin H, Jiao H, Zhao J, Ma B, Wang Y, He S, Wang X. Daily feeding frequency affects feed intake and body weight management of growing layers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103748. [PMID: 38670057 PMCID: PMC11068612 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding behavior on feed intake and body weight in growing layers and the underlying mechanisms, thereby providing a scientific foundation for optimal feeding practices in growing layers' management. A total of 144 Hy-line brown growing layers of 10 wk old and similar body weight, were divided into 3 treatment groups with different feeding frequency and equal cumulative daily feeding amount: the once-a-day feeding group (F1) was fed at 9:00 am every day, with feeding amount of 150 g/layer; the twice-a-day feeding group (F2) were fed at 9:00 am and 13:00 pm every day, with each feeding amount of 75 g/layer; the 4 times-a-day feeding group (F4) were fed at 9:00 am, 11:00 am, 13:00 pm, and 15:00 pm every day, with each feeding amount of 37.5 g/layer. Pre-experiment lasted for 1 wk and formal experiment lasted for 8 wk. The results indicated that the daily feed intake and body weight were decreased (P < 0.05) while feed conversion ratio was not affected (P > 0.05) as daily feeding times increased. The glandular stomach proportion was significantly increased in twice-a-day feeding group, while liver proportion and ileum length were significantly increased in 4 times-feeding group (P < 0.05). Additionally, 4 times-feeding daily resulted in a significant elevation of blood glucose levels, which may have suppressed feed intake (P < 0.05). In 4 times-feeding group, the plasma triglyceride levels increased as feeding times, accompanied by a notable up-regulation in the mRNA level of appetite-suppressing gene, hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and glandular stomach ghrelin. This modulation effectively suppressed the subsequent feed intake and body weight. Therefore, 4 times feeding daily is recommended in growing layers' management, because it reduced the feed cost without affecting the feed conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Zengmin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Baishun Ma
- Shandong Hemeihua Nongmu Co. Ltd., Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250102, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Sinochem Yunlong Co. Ltd., Jinsuo Industrial Zone, Xundian County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 655204, China
| | - Shuying He
- Sinochem Yunlong Co. Ltd., Jinsuo Industrial Zone, Xundian County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 655204, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
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Cordero P, Herrera-Alcaíno S, Philp V, Muñoz G, Luna D, Guzmán-Pino SA. Taste Preferences in Broilers: Effect of Age, Delivery Matrix, and Number of Chickens per Pen on Selection and Consumption Behaviour. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1507. [PMID: 38791724 PMCID: PMC11117319 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to substantial differences between studies, the understanding of avian taste perception remains incomplete. Also, studies on chicken taste preferences have mainly focused on measuring consumption differences, neglecting consumption behaviour patterns. This study investigated how age, the compound delivery matrix, and the number of birds per pen affect broiler chicken preferences and consumption behaviour, and established their preference values for four taste compounds. Ninety-six one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were divided into two age groups (initial: days 7-23; final: days 26-42), with two compound delivery matrices (water or ground wheat) and two numbers of birds (one or two chickens per pen), following a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Four taste compounds (sucrose, monosodium glutamate (MSG), L-lysine, and calcium carbonate) were tested at different concentrations. Preferences were assessed at 2, 4, and 8 h post-test, along with recording various behavioural parameters. Initial-stage birds showed higher (p < 0.001) preference values, time of approach (TA), number of bouts (NB), duration of bouts (DB), and number of pecks (NP) than final-stage birds. Birds exposed to a water matrix also exhibited higher (p < 0.001) preference and NB, while those exposed to a ground wheat matrix showed a higher (p < 0.001) NP. Pens with a pair of birds had a higher (p < 0.003) 2 h preference, TA, NB, DB, and NP, than pens with a single chicken. Chickens showed significant preference values for 100 mM sucrose at 2 h (p = 0.025), 150 mM MSG at 4 h (p = 0.026) and 8 h (p = 0.013), and 300 mM MSG at 2 h (p = 0.013). We concluded that all the variables evaluated influence broilers' taste preferences and consumption behaviour during selection tests. Future studies should prioritize including chickens in the initial stage of the production cycle, testing them in pairs or groups, and delivering compounds via a liquid matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Cordero
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (P.C.); (S.H.-A.)
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Sofía Herrera-Alcaíno
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (P.C.); (S.H.-A.)
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Victoria Philp
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Geraldine Muñoz
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Daniela Luna
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Sergio A. Guzmán-Pino
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (V.P.); (G.M.); (D.L.)
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Liu J, Liang S, Qin K, Jia B, Ren Z, Yang X, Yang X. Acer truncatum leaves extract modulates gut microbiota, improves antioxidant capacity, and alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102951. [PMID: 37562124 PMCID: PMC10432845 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the appropriate way of dietary Acer truncatum leaves (ATL) addition, the effect of disease prevention and its mechanism of action. In experiment 1, 192 Arbor Acres broilers were assigned to 4 treatment groups, fed with basal diets containing 2% bran, replacing it with primary and fermented ATL, and additional 0.3% ATL extract to the basal diet for 42 d, respectively. In experiment 2, 144 broilers were assigned to 3 treatment groups for 21-d trial: (1) C-N group, basal diets, and injected with 0.9% (w/v) sterile saline; (2) C-L group, basal diets, and injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); (3) T-L group, ATL diets and injected with LPS. In experiment 1, ATL significantly decreased the index of abdominal fat at 42 d (P < 0.05). ATL extract had a better ability to improve antioxidant capacity and reduce inflammatory levels among all treatment groups, which significantly decreased the content of MDA in the liver and ileum mucosa at 21 d, and increased the expression of IL-10 and Occludin in jejunal mucosa at 42 d (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, ATL significantly increased the level of T-AOC in the liver, decreased the expression of NF-κB in the jejunal mucosa and ileum mucosa (P < 0.05), and restored LPS-induced the changed level of CAT in jejunal mucosa, the expression of IL-6, Claudin-1, and ZO-1 in jejunal mucosa and IL-1β in ileum mucosa (P < 0.05). Analysis of gut microbiota indicated that ATL enhanced the abundances of Bacteroidota and reduced the proportion of Firmicutes (P < 0.05), and the changed levels of T-AOC in body, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and NF-κB in jejunum mucosa and propionic acid in cecal were associated with gut microbiota. Collectively, our data showed that the extract of ATL had a better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects than primality and fermented. Extraction of ATL modulated intestinal microbiota, and had a protective effect on oxidative stress, inflammation, and intestinal barrier function in broilers challenged with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongyan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Saisai Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Kailong Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Bingzheng Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China.
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Modulation of Immunity, Antioxidant Status, Performance, Blood Hematology, and Intestinal Histomorphometry in Response to Dietary Inclusion of Origanum majorana in Domestic Pigeons’ Diet. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030664. [PMID: 36983819 PMCID: PMC10051733 DOI: 10.3390/life13030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding Origanum majorana (OM) powder to domestic pigeon diets on growth performance, feeding and drinking behaviour, blood hematology, blood biochemical parameters, blood inflammatory and oxidative markers, carcass characteristics, the weights of lymphoid organs, and and intestinal cecal, and bursa of Fabricius histology. A random distribution of fifty-four unsexed pigeon squabs (30 days old, average body weight; 321 g ± 7.5) into three groups was done. The first group was fed the grower basal diet without adding OM powder, while OM powder was added at levels of 0.5 and 1% to the basal diets of the second and third groups, respectively. The changes in growth performance parameters and feeding and drinking behavior under OM powder’s effect were insignificant. However, the lymphoid organs (spleen and thymus) significantly increased in weight (p < 0.05) in the OM-fed groups. Moreover, blood examination showed positive responses to OM powder in terms of blood cell counts (RBCs andWBCs), and the values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, lymphocyte numbers, levels of globulin, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme were significantly increased. The numbers of heterophils, the ratio of heterophil to lymphocyte, malondialdehyde levels were reduced (p < 0.05). Histomorphometry examination revealed increases in intestinal villi height, cecal thickness, and bursal follicle area and number. These results indicated that adding OM powder to the pigeon diet may improve their immunity, increase their antioxidant status, and correct some hematological disorders.
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Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Schmidt CG, Herskin MS, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Stahl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Tiemann I, de Jong I, Gebhardt‐Henrich SG, Keeling L, Riber AB, Ashe S, Candiani D, García Matas R, Hempen M, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Rojo Gimeno C, Van der Stede Y, Vitali M, Bailly‐Caumette E, Michel V. Welfare of broilers on farm. EFSA J 2023; 21:e07788. [PMID: 36824680 PMCID: PMC9941850 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This Scientific Opinion considers the welfare of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus) related to the production of meat (broilers) and includes the keeping of day-old chicks, broiler breeders, and broiler chickens. Currently used husbandry systems in the EU are described. Overall, 19 highly relevant welfare consequences (WCs) were identified based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: 'bone lesions', 'cold stress', 'gastro-enteric disorders', 'group stress', 'handling stress', 'heat stress', 'isolation stress', 'inability to perform comfort behaviour', 'inability to perform exploratory or foraging behaviour', 'inability to avoid unwanted sexual behaviour', 'locomotory disorders', 'prolonged hunger', 'prolonged thirst', 'predation stress', 'restriction of movement', 'resting problems', 'sensory under- and overstimulation', 'soft tissue and integument damage' and 'umbilical disorders'. These WCs and their animal-based measures (ABMs) that can identify them are described in detail. A variety of hazards related to the different husbandry systems were identified as well as ABMs for assessing the different WCs. Measures to prevent or correct the hazards and/or mitigate each of the WCs are listed. Recommendations are provided on quantitative or qualitative criteria to answer specific questions on the welfare of broilers and related to genetic selection, temperature, feed and water restriction, use of cages, light, air quality and mutilations in breeders such as beak trimming, de-toeing and comb dubbing. In addition, minimal requirements (e.g. stocking density, group size, nests, provision of litter, perches and platforms, drinkers and feeders, of covered veranda and outdoor range) for an enclosure for keeping broiler chickens (fast-growing, slower-growing and broiler breeders) are recommended. Finally, 'total mortality', 'wounds', 'carcass condemnation' and 'footpad dermatitis' are proposed as indicators for monitoring at slaughter the welfare of broilers on-farm.
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Huang Q, Wen C, Yan W, Sun C, Gu S, Zheng J, Yang N. Comparative analysis of the characteristics of digestive organs in broiler chickens with different feed efficiencies. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102184. [PMID: 36252505 PMCID: PMC9579418 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving feed efficiency is one of the main goals of chicken breeding and production. The function of the digestive system, where feed is digested and nutrients are absorbed, is closely related to feed efficiency. However, the association between feed efficiency and the development of different digestive organs in chickens remains unclear. Here, we investigated the individual feed efficiency of 207 broilers during the fast-growing period with an electronic feeder and examined the characteristics of 8 organs of their digestive system (the liver, bile, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum) at market age. Both the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI) were significantly negatively correlated with the gizzard weight (GW) and significantly positively correlated with the relative weight of the liver (RLW). Additionally, we found an obvious negative relationship between the FCR and cecal length (CL). A two-tailed t test further confirmed these correlation analysis results. Specifically, compared to birds with the lowest feed efficiencies, the GW of broilers with the highest feed efficiencies (the lowest FCR or RFI) was 22.74% and 17.97% higher, respectively. The RLW of chickens with the highest feed efficiencies was 10.82 to 13.73% less than that of chickens with the lowest feed efficiencies. In addition, we found that increased CL (5.42–12.09%) was significantly associated with better feed efficiency. Thus, our study showed that the feed efficiency of broilers was related to the development of the gizzard, liver, and cecum. These findings provide new insight into the genetic and physiological regulation of feed efficiency in broilers.
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Huang XF, Xue JJ, Liu ZL, Chen Y, Luo Y, Wang QG, Wang C. Effects of feed trough positioning height on growth performance, feed loss, feeding environment, and behavior of geese. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102179. [PMID: 36215741 PMCID: PMC9554824 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the traditional feeding pattern of geese, the feed trough will be placed on the ground for a long time and hurts the living environment. This research aimed to investigate the effect of 4 different feed trough positioning heights on growth performance, blood parameters, feed loss, water consumption, feeding environment, and behavior of geese and determine the optimal trough positioning height for 28 to 70-d geese. A total of one hundred ninty-two 28-d male Yuzhou white geese were allocated randomly to 4 groups with 6 replicate pens per group according to the trough positioning height (on the ground [D], one-third [L], two-thirds [M], and the same height of geese's beak above the ground [H], respectively). The results show that the growth performance and blood biochemical parameters have no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). The average daily feed loss and water consumption presented the lowest value in group H (P < 0.01). The hygienic condition index of the feed and feed trough increased as trough positioning height. Feed from group H had a higher cleanliness score than other groups (P < 0.001). The count of microbes (total bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) on the surface of the feed trough from group H was lower than other groups (P < 0.001). Geese from group H had shorter daily feeding and drinking time than other groups (P < 0.05). Overall, these data indicate the same trough positioning height with geese's beaks could lower feed loss, and water consumption and improve hygienic conditions without damage to growth performance and will be the optimal choice for geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Huang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - J J Xue
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Z L Liu
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Y Chen
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Y Luo
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Q G Wang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - C Wang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China.
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Age-related effects of Feeder Space availability on welfare of broilers reared to 56 days of age part 1: biochemical, enzymatical, and electrolyte variables. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Olanrewaju H, Purswell J, Collier S, Branton S. Research Note: Age-related effects of feeder space availability on welfare of broilers reared to 56 days of age Part 2: Blood physiological variables. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101698. [PMID: 35104728 PMCID: PMC8804177 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Onbaşılar EE. Effect of alternative litter materials on the behaviour of male broilers. Behav Processes 2021; 195:104566. [PMID: 34929303 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The welfare of broilers is strongly dependent on the litter material because they spend their life in contact with it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alternative litter materials on broiler behaviour. Two hundred eighty-eight 1-day old male broiler chicks were used. Chicks were placed in pens each having different litter material (Wood shavings (WS), paper waste sludge (PWS), sepiolite (S), the mix of 25% paper waste sludge & 75% sepiolite (25PWS+75 S), the mix of 50% paper waste sludge & 50% sepiolite (50PWS+50 S) and the mix of 75% paper waste sludge & 25% sepiolite (75PWS+25 S)). Broilers in the pens were recorded with a camera on the same day in a week during 6 weeks' trial. When total behaviour was assessed from 1 to 41 days of age, the percentage of sitting behaviour was the highest in the WS group and the percentage of resting behaviour was the lowest in the groups of S and WS. It can be suggested that PWS, which is a waste product, does not have a negative effect on natural behaviour and welfare of broilers and it can be used alone or mixed with S as a litter material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin Ebru Onbaşılar
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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12
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Purswell J, Olanrewaju H, Zhao Y. Effect of feeder space on live performance and processing yields of broiler chickens reared to 56 days of age. J APPL POULTRY RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2021.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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