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Gong CY, Liu G, Shi HP, Liu S, Gao XY, Zhang SJ, Liu H, Li R, Wan D. Assessment of Non-Phytate Phosphorus Requirements of Chinese Jing Tint 6 Layer Chicks from Hatch to Day 42. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2093. [PMID: 39061555 PMCID: PMC11273798 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to estimate the non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) requirements of Chinese Jing Tint 6 layer chicks. We randomly allocated 720 birds to five treatments with six cages of 24 birds each, feeding them a corn-soybean diet containing 0.36%, 0.41%, 0.46%, 0.51%, and 0.56% NNP. The results showed that the body weight gain (BWG), tibial length, and apparent total tract digestibility coefficients (ATTDC) of P were affected (p < 0.05) by dietary NPP level. A quadratic broken-line analysis (p < 0.05) of BWG indicated that the optimal NPP for birds aged 1-14 d was 0.411%. Similarly, 0.409% of NPP met tibial growth needs. However, 0.394% of NPP was optimal for P utilization according to the ATTDC criterion. For 15-42 d birds, 0.466% NPP, as estimated by the BWG criterion, was sufficient for optimal growth without decreasing P utilization. Using the factorial method, NPP requirements were calculated as 0.367% and 0.439%, based on the maintenance factors and BWG for 1-14 and 15-42 d birds, respectively, to maintain normal growth. Combining the non-linear model with the factorial method, this study recommends dietary NPP levels of 0.367% and 0.439% for 1-14 and 15-42 d birds, respectively, to optimize P utilization without affecting performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yan Gong
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;
| | - Guang Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Hong-Peng Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;
| | - Shuan Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;
| | - Xin-Yi Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Shou-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Hao Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Rui Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Dan Wan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (C.-Y.G.); (S.L.); (X.-Y.G.); (S.-J.Z.); (H.L.)
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Toghyani M, Macelline S, de Paula Dorigam JC, Chrystal PV, Selle PH, Liu SY. Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer hens: A validation study. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:438-446. [PMID: 38860023 PMCID: PMC11163148 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The current feeding study was designed to validate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles (EAAP) established based on linear broken-line (LBL) and quadratic broken-line (QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik (AMINOHen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production (PP, 20 to 44 weeks of age), and post peak production (post PP, 44 to 75 weeks of age). The EAAP based on LBL models on average had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA (Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and Val), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. The EAAP based on AMINOHen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age, 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0% (PP) and 95.0% (post PP) (P > 0.05). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass (59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; P < 0.05). Diets had no significant effect on feed intake and body weight (P > 0.05). The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) during PP (P = 0.067) and post PP (P < 0.05) was recorded for the birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in this study support an above average egg production rate. However, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Toghyani
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia
| | - Shemil Macelline
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Peter V. Chrystal
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter H. Selle
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Y. Liu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden 2570, NSW, Australia
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Walk CL, Aureli R, Jenn P. Determination of the standardized ileal digestible calcium requirement of Ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:122-129. [PMID: 38357570 PMCID: PMC10864192 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID) calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 post-hatch. Ross 308 (n = 360) male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and allocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery cages. There were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per treatment. Four treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%, 0.46%, 0.32% or 0.18% SID Ca. The final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements, including 0.90% total Ca and 0.49% non-phytate P (nPP), using the same ingredients. This treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the SID Ca diets. Birds and feed were weighed at placement and on d 14. Tibias and ileal contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d 14. Data were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3 different non-linear regression models. Increasing the SID Ca content in the diet from 0.18% to 0.60% improved (quadratic, P < 0.05) body weight gain and mortality corrected feed conversion ratio (mFCR). The estimated SID Ca requirement to optimize gain or mFCR was between 0.39% and 0.52%. Tibia ash percent and weight increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) as SID Ca content in the diet increased and the estimated SID Ca requirement was between 0.32% and 0.58%. Phosphorus utilization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using SID Ca compared with birds fed the reference diet. In conclusion, the SID Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534% and 0.398% when quadratic, straight-broken line, or quadratic-broken line regressions were used. These results agree with previously published data evaluating the SID Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L. Walk
- DSM Nutritional Products, Delves Road, Heanor, Derbyshire, DE75 7SG, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaella Aureli
- Research Center for Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Village-Neuf, 68128, France
| | - Pauline Jenn
- Research Center for Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Village-Neuf, 68128, France
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David LS, Anwar MN, Abdollahi MR, Bedford MR, Ravindran V. Calcium Nutrition of Broilers: Current Perspectives and Challenges. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101590. [PMID: 37238019 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) plays an essential role in poultry nutrition as 99% of Ca is located in birds' skeletal system. However, oversupply of Ca rather than deficiency of Ca is the current concern in commercial broiler diets. Calcium is an inexpensive dietary nutrient due to the cheap and abundant availability of limestone, the major Ca source; therefore, little attention was given to the oversupply of Ca in the past. The recent shift in the use of digestible P in broiler feed formulations has necessitated a closer look at digestible Ca, as Ca and P are interrelated in their absorption and postabsorptive utilisation. In this context, data on ileal digestibility of Ca and P in ingredients has been determined. Preliminary data on the digestible Ca and digestible P requirements for the different growth stages of broilers have also recently become available. The present review focusses on these recent advances in Ca nutrition. In addition, aspects of homeostatic control mechanisms, different Ca sources and factors influencing Ca digestibility in poultry are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Shiromi David
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - M Naveed Anwar
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Van Den Brink Poultry Ltd., Christchurch 7677, New Zealand
| | - M Reza Abdollahi
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | | | - Velmurugu Ravindran
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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