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Marconcin P, Silva AL, Flôres F, Nunes A, Lourenço JF, Peralta M, Minghelli B. Association between Musculoskeletal Injuries and Depressive Symptoms among Athletes: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6130. [PMID: 37372717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries have a significant physical and psychological influence on an athlete's life. A systematic review of prospective cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies was undertaken in this study to analyze the association between MSK injuries with depressive symptoms in athletes. We searched on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, with data inception to 15 February 2023. The methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Of the 3677 potential studies only nine were included. These studies showed a bidirectional association between MSK injuries and depressive symptoms. Athletes with MSK injuries had higher levels of depressive symptoms, which raises the likelihood of experiencing depression in the future. Women athletes had higher levels of depressive symptoms compared with men. The presence of depressive symptoms is a significant predictor of disability in athletes. Our findings suggest that coaches should be more aware of depressive symptoms, in order to prevent MSK injuries, and to monitor athletes following an MSK injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Marconcin
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Silva
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fábio Flôres
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Nunes
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Filipa Lourenço
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peralta
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Minghelli
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement, Piaget Institute, Av. João Paulo II, lote 544, 2º andar, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal
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Effects of Impulsivity on Competitive Anxiety in Female Athletes: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness Trait. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063223. [PMID: 35328913 PMCID: PMC8951821 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that athletes in competitive sports suffer from high levels of competitive anxiety, especially in the case of females. In this sense, it is necessary to identify possible risk and protective factors of those athletes in this collective who suffer from this type of anxiety. However, few studies analyze the relationship between Physical Activity (PA) and anxiety, identifying the possible mediation effect of trait variables such as impulsivity and mindfulness in female athletes. Hence, the aims of this study were: to determine differences between PA levels with anxiety, mindfulness, and impulsiveness; to identify the predictive value of sociodemographic factors and physical activity, impulsivity, and mindfulness on anxiety factors; and to analyze the possible mediating effects of mindfulness on the relationship between impulsivity and anxiety. A total of 242 female athletes underwent an assessment of physical activity, anxiety, mindfulness traits, and impulsivity using validated questionnaires. Data were analyzed according to (1) individual or collective sport, and (2) PA levels according to energy expended (METs min/day). Participants were grouped by light, moderate, and vigorous PA levels. There were 30.5% elite athletes and 73.2% collective sports athletes. Mean age was 22.1 years and mean light, moderate, and vigorous PA were 86.1 ± 136.2, 114.4 ± 159.8, and 370.1 ± 336.3 METs min/day, respectively. Those athletes performing vigorous PA exhibited lower levels of impulsiveness and higher mindfulness traits. As expected, the mindfulness trait was a mediating factor in the relationship between impulsiveness and each factor of competitive anxiety (cognitive, somatic, and self-efficacy). Female athletes could suffer competitive anxiety, especially those who present higher levels of impulsivity. However, higher levels of mindfulness traits seem to be a protective factor in the effects of impulsivity on anxiety in this population and have demonstrated to be significant mediators in this association. Further studies are needed with other female athletes to replicate these results and to determine the specific protective mechanisms of mindfulness traits in preventing competitive anxiety.
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San-Antolín M, Rodríguez-Sanz D, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, Martínez-Jiménez EM, López-López D, Calvo-Lobo C. Neuroticism Traits and Anxiety Symptoms are Exhibited in Athletes With Chronic Gastrocnemius Myofascial Pain Syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:3377-3385. [PMID: 33065704 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
San-Antolín, M, Rodríguez-Sanz, D, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, R, Losa-Iglesias, ME, Martínez-Jiménez, EM, López-López, D, and Calvo-Lobo, C. Neuroticism traits and anxiety symptoms are exhibited in athletes with chronic gastrocnemius myofascial pain syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3377-3385, 2020-Common psychological factors, such as anxiety or neurotic personality traits, seem to be associated with pain suffered by athletes. Gastrocnemius muscles present a high prevalence for injury in athletes. These muscles are a region in which myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) frequently develops. Myofascial pain syndrome is characterized by the presence of active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). This study compared different personality and anxiety symptoms between athletes with and without active MTrPs in the gastrocnemius. A case-control study was conducted in an outpatient clinic. Athletes who performed moderate or vigorous physical activity according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were included. Fifty paired-matched athletes with and without active MTrPs in their gastrocnemius muscles (n = 25 in each group) were recruited. Different personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, psychoticism, and sincerity) and anxiety (state and trait) were evaluated by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) with an effect size from moderate to large (d = 0.75-1.29) were found for greater neuroticism and sincerity traits in addition to state and trait anxiety in athletes with gastrocnemius MPS compared with healthy controls. In conclusion, athletes with gastrocnemius active MTrPs exhibited higher neuroticism and anxiety symptoms compared with healthy athletes. Mental health may play a key role in athletes with myofascial pain, and future studies should be performed to determine whether neuroticism-related and anxiety-related psychological care could be a key intervention in athletes with gastrocnemius active MTrPs to improve athletic performance and rehabilitation or prevent injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta San-Antolín
- Department of Psychology, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez-Sanz
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - César Calvo-Lobo
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Vulfsons S, Minerbi A. The Case for Comorbid Myofascial Pain-A Qualitative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145188. [PMID: 32709141 PMCID: PMC7400256 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myofascial pain syndrome is widely considered to be among the most prevalent pain conditions, both in the community and in specialized pain clinics. While myofascial pain often arises in otherwise healthy individuals, evidence is mounting that its prevalence may be even higher in individuals with various comorbidities. Comorbid myofascial pain has been observed in a wide variety of medical conditions, including malignant tumors, osteoarthritis, neurological conditions, and mental health conditions. Here, we review the evidence of comorbid myofascial pain and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of its recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vulfsons
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-47772234; Fax: +972-47773505
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