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Feitosa Ribeiro T, Carvalho de Souza NA, Cícero de Lima Araújo T, Ferreira Macedo CA, Souza Silva F, de Oliveira Siqueira A, Modesto Nascimento Menezes P, Gomes de Melo C, Rolim Neto PJ, Gonçalves de Oliveira Junior R, Douglas Melo Coutinho H, Raposo A, Araújo Rolim L. Antitussive, Expectorant and Antipyretic Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Momordica charantia L. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400072. [PMID: 38780224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The traditional use of the M. charantia L. plant to treat coughs, fever and expectoration is widely practiced in different cultures, but its effectiveness and safety still require scientific investigation. This study sought to perform a chemical analysis and evaluate the antitussive, expectorant and antipyretic effects of the ethanolic extract of M. charantia leaves (EEMc) in rats and mice. The EEMc was subjected to chemical analysis by HPLC-DAD, revealing the presence of the flavonoids astragalin and isoquercetin. Acute oral toxicity in mice did not result in deaths, although changes in liver weight and stool consistency were observed. EEMc demonstrated an antitussive effect at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg in mice subjected to cough induction by citric acid nebulization. Furthermore, it showed expectorant activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg, assessed based on the elimination of the phenol red marker in bronchoalveolar lavage. In the evaluation of antipyretic activity in rats, fever induced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was reduced at all doses tested during the first hour after treatment. This innovative study identified the presence of astragalin and isoquercetin in EEMc and indicated that the extract has antitussive, expectorant and antipyretic properties. Therefore, EEMc presents itself as a promising option in herbal medicine for the treatment of respiratory symptoms and fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Feitosa Ribeiro
- Central for Analysis of Drugs, Medicines and Food (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Nathália Andrezza Carvalho de Souza
- Central for Analysis of Drugs, Medicines and Food (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Cícero de Lima Araújo
- Central for Analysis of Drugs, Medicines and Food (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Souza Silva
- Program of Graduate Studies in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brazil
- Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Central for Analysis of Drugs, Medicines and Food (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Beltrán LR, Sterneder S, Hasural A, Paetz S, Hans J, Ley JP, Somoza V. Reducing the Bitter Taste of Pharmaceuticals Using Cell-Based Identification of Bitter-Masking Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030317. [PMID: 35337115 PMCID: PMC8953435 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The palatability of a pharmaceutical preparation is a significant obstacle in developing a patient-friendly dosage form. Bitter taste is an important factor for patients in (i) selecting a certain drug from generic products available in the market and (ii) adhering to a therapeutic regimen. The various methods developed for identification of bitter tasting and bitter-taste modulating compounds present a number of limitations, ranging from limited sensitivity to lack of close correlations with sensory data. In this study, we demonstrate a fluorescence-based assay, analyzing the bitter receptor TAS2R-linked intracellular pH (pHi) of human gastric parietal (HGT-1) cells as a suitable tool for the identification of bitter tasting and bitter-taste modulating pharmaceutical compounds and preparations, which resembles bitter taste perception. Among the fluorometric protocols established to analyze pHi changes, one of the most commonly employed assays is based on the use of the pH-sensitive dye SNARF-1 AM. This methodology presents some limitations; over time, the assay shows a relatively low signal amplitude and sensitivity. Here, the SNARF-1 AM methodology was optimized. The identified bicarbonate extrusion mechanisms were partially inhibited, and measurements were carried out in a medium with lower intrinsic fluorescence, with no need for controlling external CO2 levels. We applied the assay for the screening of flavonoids as potential bitter-masking compounds for guaifenesin, a bitter-tasting antitussive drug. Our findings revealed that eriodictyol, hesperitin and phyllodulcin were the most potent suitable candidates for bitter-masking activity, verified in a human sensory trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo Raul Beltrán
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.B.); (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Sonja Sterneder
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.B.); (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ayse Hasural
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.B.); (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Susanne Paetz
- Symrise AG, Ingredient Research Flavor & Nutrition, 37603 Holzminden, Germany; (S.P.); (J.H.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Joachim Hans
- Symrise AG, Ingredient Research Flavor & Nutrition, 37603 Holzminden, Germany; (S.P.); (J.H.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Jakob Peter Ley
- Symrise AG, Ingredient Research Flavor & Nutrition, 37603 Holzminden, Germany; (S.P.); (J.H.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.R.B.); (S.S.); (A.H.)
- Leibniz-Institute of Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Nutritional Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-4277-70601
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Ohar JA, Donohue JF, Spangenthal S. The Role of Guaifenesin in the Management of Chronic Mucus Hypersecretion Associated with Stable Chronic Bronchitis: A Comprehensive Review. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES (MIAMI, FLA.) 2019; 6:341-349. [PMID: 31647856 PMCID: PMC7006698 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.6.4.2019.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the third leading cause of death and disease burden worldwide. It includes a spectrum of diseases including chronic bronchitis which is characterized by overproduction, hypersecretion and decreased elimination of mucus. Chronic bronchitis has numerous clinical consequences, including predisposition to lower respiratory tract infections, accelerated decline in lung function, increased exacerbation rate and decreased health-related quality of life. Although the inflammatory mechanisms responsible for mucus cell metaplasia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and stable chronic bronchitis are poorly understood, the main goals of therapy are to decrease mucus hypersecretion by controlling inflammation and to increase mucus clearance. Non-pharmacological measures include smoking cessation and chest physiotherapy. Pharmacological interventions include expectorants and mucolytics together with long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists, anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, antioxidants, and antibiotics. Guaifenesin is an expectorant that is thought to increase hydration and decrease viscosity of mucus leading to improved clearance of accumulated secretions from the upper and lower airway. Although guaifenesin has a Food and Drug Administration Over-the-Counter (OFC) Monograph indication to "help loosen phlegm (mucus) and thin bronchial secretions in patients with stable chronic bronchitis," there is limited published evidence of either mechanism of action or clinical efficacy in this disease state. Here we review the pathophysiology and consequences of chronic mucus hypersecretion and examine the evidence for the use of guaifenesin in patients with stable chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Ohar
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunological Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - James F Donohue
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Selwyn Spangenthal
- Internal Medicine & Pulmonology, Charlotte Lung & Health Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
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Menezes PMN, Brito MC, de Sá PGS, Ribeiro LADA, Rolim LA, Silva FS. Analytical and pharmacological validation of the quantification of phenol red in a mouse model: An optimized method to evaluate expectorant drugs. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2019; 98:106586. [PMID: 31132413 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The evaluation of expectorant activity has been extensively studied in murine models, involving the secretion of phenol red in the trachea or bronchus to estimate the secretory capacity of lower airway mucosa. However, differences in the experimental protocols of several studies evidenced the need of to standardize the quantification of phenol red in the bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF). METHODS The analytical methodology for the quantification of phenol red in the BALF was optimized by investigation of pH influence, quantity of the alkali agent added and appropriate wavelength for quantification of phenol red by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Different phenol red suspensions (0.05, 0.5, 1.25, 2.5 and 5%) were prepared and administered intraperitoneally in mice at doses 5, 25, 50, 250 or 500 mg/kg. RESULTS It was shown that phenol red should be used at dose 500 mg/kg and intraperitoneal administration should be performed from a suspension at 1.25% (w/v). Furthermore, the alkalinizing agent of choice would be NaOH (0.1 M). The pharmacological validation of the analytical method showed that ambroxol (30, 60 or 120 mg/kg), guaifenesin (100 mg/kg), NH4Cl (2000 mg/kg) or salbutamol (4 mg/kg) can be used as positive controls. DISCUSSION The phenol red quantification in the BALF is a rapid and low cost assay for the discovery of new expectorant drugs. Thus, it was proposed a standardization of the analytical and pharmacological methods to ensure the reliability of BALF processing and reproducibility of phenol red quantification for data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Mariana Coelho Brito
- Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Pedro Guilherme Sousa de Sá
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências dos Materiais, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, 48902-300 Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | - Luciano Augusto de Araújo Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências dos Materiais, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, 48902-300 Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Souza Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba S/N, 56304-917 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
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Separation of guaifenesin enantiomers by simulated moving bed process with four operation modes. ADSORPTION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-019-00110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Beitollahi H, Movlaee K, Ganjali MR, Norouzi P, Hosseinzadeh R. Application of a nanostructured sensor based on graphene- and ethyl 2-(4-ferrocenyl[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)acetate-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of methyldopa in the presence of phenylephrine and guaifenesin. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences; Graduate University of Advanced Technology; Kerman Iran
| | - Kaveh Movlaee
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Parviz Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Rahman Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Mazandaran; Babolsar Iran
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Albrecht HH, Dicpinigaitis PV, Guenin EP. Role of guaifenesin in the management of chronic bronchitis and upper respiratory tract infections. Multidiscip Respir Med 2017; 12:31. [PMID: 29238574 PMCID: PMC5724298 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-017-0113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Guaifenesin, a mucoactive drug, acts by loosening mucus in the airways and making coughs more productive. It is used for relief of wet cough and chest congestion due to the common cold, and remains the only legally marketed expectorant in the US (per OTC Monograph). An ingredient in numerous over-the-counter (OTC) cough/cold medications, guaifenesin has a secondary indication for use in stable chronic bronchitis (professional indication). Clinical pharmacology and patient studies support the clinical utility of guaifenesin in respiratory conditions where mucus hypersecretion is prevalent: acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), stable chronic bronchitis, and possibly rhinosinusitis. Guaifenesin has a well-established and favorable safety and tolerability profile in adult and pediatric populations. Its dosing range (200–400 mg 4-hourly, up to 6× daily) allows flexible dose titration to allow an increase of plasma concentrations. Multiple daily doses are needed to maintain 24-h therapeutic effect with immediate-release formulations. Extended-release guaifenesin tablet formulations are available, providing convenience with 12-hourly dosing and portability compared to liquids. Guaifenesin is considered as a safe and effective expectorant for the treatment of mucus-related symptoms in acute URTIs and stable chronic bronchitis. Its clinical efficacy has been demonstrated most widely in chronic respiratory conditions, where excess mucus production and cough are more stable symptoms. Progress is being made to establish clinical models and measures that are more appropriate for studying symptomatic relief with guaifenesin in acute respiratory infections. This will help generate the up-to-date and high-quality data needed to optimize guaifenesin’s effectiveness in established uses, and in new respiratory indications associated with mucus hypersecretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut H Albrecht
- Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, 11200 SW 8th St., GL 495, Miami, FL 33199 USA
| | - Peter V Dicpinigaitis
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1825 Eastchester Road, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Eric P Guenin
- Reckitt Benckiser, LLC, 399 Interpace Parkway, Parsippany, NJ 07054 USA
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Wei LQ, Lu JY, Li QQ, Zhou Y, Tang LL, Li FY. A porous Ca-MOF with nano-sized {Ca 11 } as building unit: Structure, drug loading and release properties. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Knych HK, Stanley SD, Benson D, Arthur RM. Pharmacokinetics of guaifenesin following administration of multiple doses to exercised Thoroughbred horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016; 39:416-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. K. Knych
- K.L. Maddy Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
- Department of Veterinary Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - S. D. Stanley
- K.L. Maddy Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
- Department of Veterinary Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - D. Benson
- Racing Medication and Testing Consortium; Lexington KY USA
| | - R. M. Arthur
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California, Davis; Davis CA USA
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Bennett WD, Kala A, Duckworth H, Zeman KL, Wu J, Henderson A, Yopp M, Rubin BK. Effect of a single 1200 Mg dose of Mucinex® on mucociliary and cough clearance during an acute respiratory tract infection. Respir Med 2015; 109:1476-83. [PMID: 26462765 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest that orally administered guaifenesin (GGE) may thin lower respiratory tract secretions but none have examined its effects on mucociliary and cough clearance (MCC/CC) during a respiratory tract infection (RTI). The current study was a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in non-smoking adults who suffered from an acute upper RTI. METHODS We assessed the effects of a single dose of Mucinex(®) 1200 mg (2 × 600 mg extended release tablets) (ER GGE) on 1) MCC/CC by assessing the rate of removal from the lung of inhaled radioactive tracer particles (Tc99m-sulfur colloid), 2) sputum dynamic rheology by stress/strain creep transformation over the linear part of the curve, 3) sessile drop interfacial tension by the deNouy ring technique, and 4) subjective symptom measures. MCC was measured during the morning (period 1) and compared to that in the afternoon 4 h later (period 2) immediately following either drug (n = 19) or placebo (n = 19). For both period 1 and 2 subjects performed 60 voluntary coughs from 60 to 90 min after inhalation of radio-labeled aerosol for a measure of CC. Sputum properties were measured from subjects who expectorated sputum during the cough period post treatment (n = 8-12 for each cohort). RESULTS We found no effect of ER GGE on MCC or CC compared to placebo. MCC through 60 min for period 1 vs. 2 = 8.3 vs. 11.8% (placebo) and = 9.7 vs. 11.1% (drug) (NS) and CC for period 1 vs. 2 was 9.9 vs. 9.1% (placebo) and 10.8 vs. 5.6% (drug) (NS). There was no significant difference in sputum biophysical properties after administration of drug or placebo. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant effect of a single dose of ER GGE on MCC/CC or on sputum biophysical properties compared to placebo in this population of adult patients with an acute RTI. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01114581.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Bennett
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Dept of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - A Kala
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - H Duckworth
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - K L Zeman
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - J Wu
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - A Henderson
- Dept of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - M Yopp
- Children's Hospital of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - B K Rubin
- Children's Hospital of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
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Mahmoud WH, Mahmoud NF, Mohamed GG, El-Bindary AA, El-Sonbati AZ. Supramolecular structural, thermal properties and biological activity of 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Adam AMA, Refat MS. Chemistry of drug interactions: Characterization of charge-transfer complexes of Guaifenesin with various acceptors using spectroscopic and thermal methods. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214090357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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McIntyre CM, Monk HM. Medication absorption considerations in patients with postpyloric enteral feeding tubes. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2014; 71:549-56. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp130597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather M. Monk
- Neonatology, Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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Seagrave J, Albrecht HH, Hill DB, Rogers DF, Solomon G. Effects of guaifenesin, N-acetylcysteine, and ambroxol on MUC5AC and mucociliary transport in primary differentiated human tracheal-bronchial cells. Respir Res 2012; 13:98. [PMID: 23113953 PMCID: PMC3545908 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic intervention in the pathophysiology of airway mucus hypersecretion is clinically important. Several types of drugs are available with different possible modes of action. We examined the effects of guaifenesin (GGE), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ambroxol (Amb) on differentiated human airway epithelial cells stimulated with IL-13 to produce additional MUC5AC. Methods After IL-13 pre-treatment (3 days), the cultures were treated with GGE, NAC or Amb (10–300 μM) in the continued presence of IL-13. Cellular and secreted MUC5AC, mucociliary transport rates (MTR), mucus rheology at several time points, and the antioxidant capacity of the drugs were assessed. Results IL-13 increased MUC5AC content (~25%) and secretion (~2-fold) and decreased MTR, but only slightly affected the G’ (elastic) or G” (viscous) moduli of the secretions. GGE significantly inhibited MUC5AC secretion and content in the IL-13-treated cells in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50s at 24 hr ~100 and 150 μM, respectively). NAC or Amb were less effective. All drugs increased MTR and decreased G’ and G” relative to IL-13 alone. Cell viability was not affected and only NAC exhibited antioxidant capacity. Conclusions Thus, GGE effectively reduces cellular content and secretion of MUC5AC, increases MTR, and alters mucus rheology, and may therefore be useful in treating airway mucus hypersecretion and mucostasis in airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanclare Seagrave
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA.
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Seagrave J, Albrecht H, Park YS, Rubin B, Solomon G, Kim KC. Effect of guaifenesin on mucin production, rheology, and mucociliary transport in differentiated human airway epithelial cells. Exp Lung Res 2011; 37:606-14. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2011.623116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Biopharmaceutical aspects of gastro-retentive dosage forms: the gabapentin paradigm. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(09)50046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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