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Mumby S, Perros F, Grynblat J, Manaud G, Papi A, Casolari P, Caramori G, Humbert M, John Wort S, Adcock IM. Differential responses of pulmonary vascular cells from PAH patients and controls to TNFα and the effect of the BET inhibitor JQ1. Respir Res 2023; 24:193. [PMID: 37516840 PMCID: PMC10386603 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) encompasses a group of diseases characterized by raised pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting from vascular remodelling and inflammation. Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins are required for the expression of a subset of NF-κB-induced inflammatory genes which can be inhibited by the BET mimic JQ1+. We hypothesised that JQ+ would supress TNFα-driven inflammatory responses in human pulmonary vascular cells from PAH patients. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of human peripheral lung tissue (N = 14 PAH and N = 12 non-PAH) was performed for the BET proteins BRD2 and 4. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMEC) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) from PAH patients (N = 4) and non-PAH controls (N = 4) were stimulated with TNFα in presence or absence of JQ1+ or its inactive isomer JQ1-. IL-6 and -8 mRNA was measured by RT-qPCR and protein levels by ELISA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was performed using EZ-ChIP™ and NF-κB p65 activation determined using a TransAm kit. MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. RESULTS Nuclear staining of BRD2 and BRD4 was significantly (p < 0.0001) increased in the lung vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells from PAH patients compared to controls with normal lung function. TNFα-driven IL-6 release from both HPMECs and HPASMCs was greater in PAH cells than control cells. Levels of CXCL8/IL-8 protein release was higher in PAH HPASMCs than in control cells with similar release observed in HPMECs. TNFα-induced recruitment of activated NF-κB p65 to the IL-6 and CXCL8/IL-8 promoters were similar in both cell types and between subject groups. JQ1+ suppressed TNFα-induced IL-6 and CXCL8/IL-8 release and mRNA expression to a comparable extent in control and PAH HPMECs and HPASMCs. JQ1 had a greater efficacy on IL-6 release in HPMEC and on CXCL8/IL-8 release in HPASMC. CONCLUSION BET inhibition decreases TNFα driven inflammation in primary pulmonary vascular cells. The anti-inflammatory actions of JQ1 suggests distinct cell-specific regulatory control of these genes. BET proteins could be a target for future therapies for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Mumby
- Respiratory Science, NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Frederic Perros
- Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Julien Grynblat
- Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Gregoire Manaud
- Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Alberto Papi
- Interdepartmental Study Center for Inflammatory and Smoke-Related Airway Diseases, Cardiorespiratory and Internal Medicine Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Interdepartmental Study Center for Inflammatory and Smoke-Related Airway Diseases, Cardiorespiratory and Internal Medicine Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università Degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marc Humbert
- Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S John Wort
- Respiratory Science, NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Respiratory Science, NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Low 15d-PGJ2 status is associated with oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:171-180. [PMID: 36371490 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor and highly expressed in human and rodent lungs. 15-Deoxy-delta-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), known for cyclopentenone prostaglandin, is the endogenous ligand of PPARγ. However, the associations among PPARγ, 15d-PGJ2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were unclear. METHODS All 130 fasting blood samples and 40 lung specimens were obtained from COPD patients and control subjects. Serum 15d-PGJ2 was detected by ELISA. The expressions of oxidative stress indicators were measured using western blotting and PPARγ nuclei were evaluated with immunohistochemistry in lungs. The associations among serum 15d-PGJ2, pulmonary PPARγ and oxidative stress indicators, and COPD were estimated. RESULTS Serum 15d-PGJ2 was reduced in COPD patients compared with healthy volunteers. Linear and logistic regression analysis indicated that serum 15d-PGJ2 was positively associated with pulmonary function in COPD patients. In addition, PPARγ-positive nuclei were reduced and oxidative stress indicators, included HO-1 and NOX-4, were increased in lungs of COPD patients. Further correlative analysis suggested that pulmonary function parameters was positively correlated with serum 15d-PGJ2 and pulmonary PPARγ-positive nuclei, inversely related to oxidative stress indicators in lungs of COPD patients. Pretreatment with 15d-PGJ2 obviously attenuated TNFα-induced oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. CONCLUSIONS Serum 15d-PGJ2 and pulmonary PPARγ are reduced, and oxidative stress is elevated in COPD patients. Serum 15d-PGJ2 is inversely associated with oxidative stress in COPD patients.
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Development of mode of action networks related to the potential role of PPARγ in respiratory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105821. [PMID: 34403731 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a key transcription factor, operating at the intercept of metabolic control and immunomodulation. It is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues and organs, including lungs. There is a growing body of information supporting the role of PPARγ signalling in respiratory diseases. The aim of the present study was to develop mode of action (MoA) networks reflecting the relationships between PPARγ signalling and the progression/alleviation of a spectrum of lung pathologies. Data mining was performed using the resources of the NIH PubMed and PubChem information systems. By linking available data on pathological/therapeutic effects of PPARγ modulation, knowledge-based MoA networking at different levels of biological organization (molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system) was performed. Multiple MoA networks were developed to relate PPARγ modulation to the progress or the alleviation of pulmonary disorders, triggered by diverse pathogenic, genetic, chemical, or mechanical factors. Pharmacological targeting of PPARγ signalling was discussed with regard to ligand- and cell type-specific effects in the context of distinct disease inductor- and disease stage-dependent patterns. The proposed MoA networking analysis allows for a better understanding of the potential role of PPARγ modulation in lung pathologies. It presents a mechanistically justified basis for further computational, experimental, and clinical monitoring studies on the dynamic control of PPARγ signalling in respiratory diseases.
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Fang X, Wang Z, Qi C, Zhou J, Zhang S, Song J. The changes of MRP2 expression in three kinds of pulmonary inflammation models: the downregulation occurred in cigarette smoke extract (CSE) stimulation group and CSE plus LPS stimulation group, unchanged in LPS stimulation group. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:413-424. [PMID: 33752573 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1903638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The transporter multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) can transport some tobacco carcinogens and plays an important role in the transport of mediators related to pulmonary inflammatory diseases. However, it is not fully understood whether the pulmonary inflammation caused by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is related to the regulation of MRP2. In this study, CSE and LPS were used alone and in combination as stimuli to induce pulmonary inflammation. In addition, the establishment of a pulmonary inflammation model was verified by animal experiments in vivo. We found that compared with those in the control group, the expression of MRP2 protein was downregulated and the expression of inflammatory cytokines was upregulated in pulmonary inflammation in the CSE group and the CSE combined with LPS group. However, there was almost no change in the expression of MRP2 stimulated by LPS alone. Our results show that CSE and CSE combined with LPS downregulate the expression of MRP2 under inflammatory conditions, while LPS has almost no effect on the expression of MRP2 under inflammatory conditions. The in vivo experimental results of CSE combined with LPS were consistent with the cellular results of CSE combined with LPS, which provides a model and basis for other studies of the role of MRP2 in pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanzong Qi
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jue Song
- Institute for Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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Wang X, Wang Z, Tang D. Aerobic Exercise Alleviates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Mice with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:1369-1379. [PMID: 34040365 PMCID: PMC8139730 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s309041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis play critical roles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Here, we attempted to determine whether aerobic exercise (AE) could improve COPD by counteracting the COPD-associated inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mice. Methods Thirty male ICR mice were assigned into one of three groups: control (Con), COPD, and COPD + AE. COPD was simulated by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4 weeks. Low-intensity AE was performed for 4 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts and the levels of inflammatory cytokine in BALF and serum were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson trichrome, and Sirius Red staining as well as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling were performed to identify the degree of pulmonary emphysema, bronchial mucus cell hyperplasia, pulmonary fibrosis, and cell apoptosis. Oxidative stress parameters were measured. Furthermore, gene expression levels for the CXCL1, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9, TGF-β, TNF-α, and silent information regulator (sirt)1 were detected in mice lung tissues. Results AE improved LPS-induced emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial mucus cell hyperplasia, bronchoconstriction, and cell apoptosis. AE prevented an LPS-induced increase in the total cell, neutrophil, and macrophage counts. AE decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels but increased glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. AE decreased BALF levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β but increased BALF IL-10 levels. AE suppressed the gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors CXCL1, IL-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α and profibrotic factors MMP-9 and TGF-β but activated those of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and lung-protective factor sirt1. Conclusion AE is a potential therapeutic approach for COPD. AE improved emphysema, bronchial mucus cell hyperplasia, and pulmonary fibrosis in mice with COPD by alleviating the inflammatory response, oxidative stress injury, and cell apoptosis as well as activating sirt1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Wang
- Department of College of P.E and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Department of College of P.E and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Tang
- Department of College of P.E and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Chabert C, Khochbin S, Rousseaux S, Veyrenc S, Furze R, Smithers N, Prinjha RK, Schlattner U, Pison C, Dubouchaud H. Inhibition of BET Proteins Reduces Right Ventricle Hypertrophy and Pulmonary Hypertension Resulting from Combined Hypoxia and Pulmonary Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082224. [PMID: 30061518 PMCID: PMC6121304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a co-morbidity, which strongly participates in morbi-mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent findings showed that bromodomain-containing proteins, in charge of reading histone acetylation, could be involved in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Our aim was to study the effect of I-BET151, an inhibitor of bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET), on the right ventricle hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension, induced by a combination of chronic hypoxia and pulmonary inflammation, as the two main stimuli encountered in COPD. Adult Wistar male rats, exposed to chronic hypoxia plus pulmonary inflammation (CHPI), showed a significant right ventricle hypertrophy (+57%, p < 0.001), an increase in systolic pressure (+46%, p < 0.001) and in contraction speed (+36%, p < 0.001), when compared to control animals. I-BET151 treated animals (CHPI-iB) showed restored hemodynamic parameters to levels similar to control animals, despite chronic hypoxia plus exposure to pulmonary inflammation. They displayed lower right ventricle hypertrophy and hematocrit compared to the CHPI group (respectively -16%, p < 0.001; and -9%, p < 0.05). Our descriptive study shows a valuable effect of the inhibition of bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins on hemodynamic parameters, despite the presence of chronic hypoxia and pulmonary inflammation. This suggests that such inhibition could be of potential interest for COPD patients with pulmonary hypertension. Further studies are needed to unravel the underlying mechanisms involved and the net benefits of inhibiting adaptations to chronic hypoxia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/therapeutic use
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/drug therapy
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology
- Hypoxia/complications
- Hypoxia/pathology
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
- Male
- Pneumonia/complications
- Pneumonia/pathology
- Pneumonia/physiopathology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology
- Rats, Wistar
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Chabert
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, 38058 Grenoble, France.
| | - Saadi Khochbin
- CNRS UMR 5309, Inserm U1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France.
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- CNRS UMR 5309, Inserm U1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38700 Grenoble, France.
| | - Sylvie Veyrenc
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5553, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, 38058 Grenoble, France.
| | - Rebecca Furze
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Nicholas Smithers
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, 38058 Grenoble, France.
| | - Christophe Pison
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, 38058 Grenoble, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France.
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, 38058 Grenoble, France.
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Neutrophil extracellular traps promote lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13276-13286. [PMID: 29568356 PMCID: PMC5862577 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in chronic airway inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular meshworks composed of DNA fibers and antimicrobial proteins. Although NET formation has been detected in COPD and CF patients, how NETs contribute to these diseases is poorly understood. This study was performed to clarify the effects and mechanisms of action of NETs in airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. We created a murine model of LPS-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, and found that LPS-induced NET formation was degraded by aerosolized DNase I treatment in mice. Degradation of NETs by aerosolized DNase I reduced LPS-induced airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in mice, this reduction correlated with suppression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. More importantly, NETs promoted LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in macrophages. These results suggest NET degradation using aerosolized DNase I is a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating COPD and CF.
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Chabert C, Khochbin S, Rousseaux S, Furze R, Smithers N, Prinjha R, Schlattner U, Pison C, Dubouchaud H. Muscle hypertrophy in hypoxia with inflammation is controlled by bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12133. [PMID: 28935884 PMCID: PMC5608715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Some of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients engaged in exercise-based muscle rehabilitation programs are unresponsive. To unravel the respective role of chronic hypoxia and pulmonary inflammation on soleus muscle hypertrophic capacities, we challenged male Wistar rats to repeated lipopolysaccharide instillations, associated or not with a chronic hypoxia exposure. Muscle hypertrophy was initiated by bilateral ablation of soleus agonists 1 week before sacrifice. To understand the role played by the histone acetylation, we also treated our animals with an inhibitor of bromodomains and extra terminal proteins (I-BET) during the week after surgery. Pulmonary inflammation totally inhibited this hypertrophy response under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions (26% lower than control surgery, p < 0.05), consistent with the S6K1 and myogenin measurements. Changes in histone acetylation and class IIa histone deacetylases expression, following pulmonary inflammation, suggested a putative role for histone acetylation signaling in the altered hypertrophy response. The I-BET drug restored the hypertrophy response suggesting that the non-response of muscle to a hypertrophic stimulus could be modulated by epigenetic mechanisms, including histone-acetylation dependant pathways. Drugs targeting such epigenetic mechanisms may open therapeutic perspectives for COPD patients with systemic inflammation who are unresponsive to rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Chabert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Saadi Khochbin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Rebecca Furze
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, England, UK
| | - Nicholas Smithers
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, England, UK
| | - Rab Prinjha
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, England, UK
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Christophe Pison
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, 38000, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU des Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, 38000, France.
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Chen J, Yang X, Zhang W, Peng D, Xia Y, Lu Y, Han X, Song G, Zhu J, Liu R. Therapeutic Effects of Resveratrol in a Mouse Model of LPS and Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD. Inflammation 2017; 39:1949-1959. [PMID: 27590234 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine whether resveratrol exerts the protective effects on LPS and cigarette smoke (LC)-induced COPD in a murine model. In lung histopathological studies, H&E, Masson's trichrome, and AB-PAS staining were performed. The cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, TGF-β, and TNF-α) and inflammatory cells in BALF were determined. The Beclin1 level in the lungs of mouse was analyzed. Compared with the LC-induced mouse, the level of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β) of the BALF in the resveratrol + cigarette smoke-treated mouse had obviously decreased. Histological examination of the lung tissue revealed that the resveratrol treatment attenuated the fibrotic response and mucus hypersecretion. In addition, resveratrol inhibited the expression of the Beclin1 protein in mouse lungs. The presented findings collectively suggest that resveratrol has a therapeutic effect on mouse LC-induced COPD, and its mechanism of action might be related to reducing the production of the Beclin1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Chen
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Weiya Zhang
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Danhua Peng
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yanan Xia
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Department of Anesthesia, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Guangjie Song
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Renping Liu
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Zhou J, Jiang L, Long X, Fu C, Wang X, Wu X, Liu Z, Zhu F, Shi J, Li S. Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit gastric aspiration lung injury and inflammation in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1706-17. [PMID: 27061967 PMCID: PMC4988291 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric aspiration lung injury is one of the most common clinical events. This study investigated the effects of bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on combined acid plus small non‐acidified particle (CASP)‐induced aspiration lung injury. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP+) or EGFP−BMSCs or 15d‐PGJ2 were injected via the tail vein into rats immediately after CASP‐induced aspiration lung injury. Pathological changes in lung tissues, blood gas analysis, the wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) of the lung, levels of total proteins and number of total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. The cytokine levels were measured using ELISA. Protein expression was determined by Western blot. Bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells treatment significantly reduced alveolar oedema, exudation and lung inflammation; increased the arterial partial pressure of oxygen; and decreased the W/D of the lung, the levels of total proteins and the number of total cells and neutrophils in BALF in the rats with CASP‐induced lung injury. Bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells treatment decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α and Cytokine‐induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)‐1 and the expression of p‐p65 and increased the levels of interleukin‐10 and 15d‐PGJ2 and the expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ in the lung tissue in CASP‐induced rats. Tumour necrosis factor‐α stimulated BMSCs to secrete 15d‐PGJ2. A tracking experiment showed that EGFP+BMSCs were able to migrate to local lung tissues. Treatment with 15d‐PGJ2 also significantly inhibited CASP‐induced lung inflammation and the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Our results show that BMSCs can protect lung tissues from gastric aspiration injury and inhibit lung inflammation in rats. A beneficial effect might be achieved through BMSC‐derived 15d‐PGJ2 activation of the PPAR‐γ receptor, reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Long
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jindong Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanqun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wang H, Xu L, Zhao J, Wang D, Guo R, Wang J, Gong W, Liu T, Zhang Y, Dong L. Regulatory mechanism of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate is mediated by nuclear factor-κB and inhibits neutrophil accumulation in ARDS mice. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:614-622. [PMID: 25009629 PMCID: PMC4079437 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory mechanism of nuclear factor (NF)-κB on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) accumulation and the inflammatory response in lung tissues with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as well as the therapeutic effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Mouse models of ARDS were established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). BALB/c mice were divided into control, LPS and PDTC + LPS groups. The expression of PMN adhesion molecules, CD11b/CD18 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), were detected by immunohistochemistry, while the protein expression levels of NF-κB p65 in the lung tissue were analyzed by western blot analysis. In addition, flow cytometry was used to investigate the apoptosis rate of PMNs in the bronchoalveolar fluid, and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were also determined. Following an intraperitoneal injection of LPS, alveolar septum rupture, pulmonary interstitial hyperemia and PMN infiltration in the alveolar was observed. The protein expression of p65 in the pulmonary cytoplasm decreased, while the expression of p65 in the nucleus increased. The levels of IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α increased and the high expression status was maintained for 24 h. As the time increased, CD11b/CD18 and ICAM-1 expression increased, as well as MPO activity, while the apoptosis of PMNs was delayed. Compared with the LPS group, the expression of p65 in the pulmonary cytoplasm and the PMN apoptosis rate increased following PDTC intervention, while the expression of p65 in the nucleus decreased, as well as the expression levels of the cytokines and MPO activity. Therefore, PDTC reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines via the NF-κB pathway, which reduced the activation of PMNs in the lung tissue and promoted PMN apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongman Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China ; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Thrid Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China ; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519100, P.R. China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jiping Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Thrid Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Ranran Guo
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China ; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Thrid Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Junfei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Gong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250012, P.R. China
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12
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Rinaldi SF, Hutchinson JL, Rossi AG, Norman JE. Anti-inflammatory mediators as physiological and pharmacological regulators of parturition. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 7:675-96. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.11.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Lakshmi SP, Reddy AT, Zhang Y, Sciurba FC, Mallampalli RK, Duncan SR, Reddy RC. Down-regulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in lung epithelial cells promotes a PPARγ agonist-reversible proinflammatory phenotype in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). J Biol Chem 2013; 289:6383-6393. [PMID: 24368768 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.536805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory condition and a leading cause of death, with no available cure. We assessed the actions in pulmonary epithelial cells of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a nuclear hormone receptor with anti-inflammatory effects, whose role in COPD is largely unknown. We found that PPARγ was down-regulated in lung tissue and epithelial cells of COPD patients, via both reduced expression and phosphorylation-mediated inhibition, whereas pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity was increased. Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for COPD, and exposing airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) likewise down-regulated PPARγ and activated NF-κB. CSE also down-regulated and post-translationally inhibited the glucocorticoid receptor (GR-α) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), a corepressor important for glucocorticoid action and whose down-regulation is thought to cause glucocorticoid insensitivity in COPD. Treating epithelial cells with synthetic (rosiglitazone) or endogenous (10-nitro-oleic acid) PPARγ agonists strongly up-regulated PPARγ expression and activity, suppressed CSE-induced production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and reversed its activation of NF-κB by inhibiting the IκB kinase pathway and by promoting direct inhibitory binding of PPARγ to NF-κB. In contrast, PPARγ knockdown via siRNA augmented CSE-induced chemokine release and decreases in HDAC activity, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory role of endogenous PPARγ. The results imply that down-regulation of pulmonary epithelial PPARγ by cigarette smoke promotes inflammatory pathways and diminishes glucocorticoid responsiveness, thereby contributing to COPD pathogenesis, and further suggest that PPARγ agonists may be useful for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya P Lakshmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240
| | - Aravind T Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Frank C Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240
| | - Steven R Duncan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Raju C Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240.
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14
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Surh YJ, Na HK, Park JM, Lee HN, Kim W, Yoon IS, Kim DD. 15-Deoxy-Δ¹²,¹⁴-prostaglandin J₂, an electrophilic lipid mediator of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1335-51. [PMID: 21843512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostagandin J(2) (15d-PGJ2) is produced in the inflamed cells and tissues as a consequence of upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). 15d-PGJ2 is known to be the endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) with multiple physiological properties. Though one of the terminal products of the COX-2-catalyzed reactions, this cyclopentenone prostaglandin exerts potent anti-inflammatory actions, in part, by antagonizing the activities of pro-inflammatory transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT3, and AP-1, while stimulating the anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2. These effects are not necessarily dependent on its activation of PPARγ, but often involves direct interaction with the above signaling molecules and their regulators. The locally produced 15d-PGJ2 is also involved in the resolution of inflammatory responses. Thus, 15d-PGJ2, especially formed during the late phase of inflammation, might inhibit cytokine secretion and other events by antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells or macrophages. 15d-PGJ2 can also affect the priming and effector functions of T lymphocytes and induce their apoptotic cell death. These represent a negative feedback explaining how once-initiated immunologic and inflammatory responses are switched off and terminated. In this context, 15d-PGJ2 and its synthetic derivatives have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Surh
- WCU Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
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15
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Chen C, Fang X, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang D, Zhao X, Bai C, Wang X. Preventive and therapeutic effects of phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors on acute lung injury. Chest 2011; 140:391-400. [PMID: 21636664 DOI: 10.1378/chest.10-3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are involved in a number of biologic responses. Recent preclinical studies demonstrated that the PI3K-dominant signal pathway could play an important role in the development of acute lung injury, although the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS CD-1 mice were administered different PI3K inhibitors either intranasally or intragastrically once a day for 3 days before intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide at 4 h and 24 h. Effects of SHBM1009 on lipopolysaccharide-induced capillary permeability, leukocyte distribution and activation, and epithelial cell function were measured. Therapeutic effects of SHBM1009 on pancreatic elastase-induced lung injury were evaluated in rats. RESULTS The data demonstrated that the local delivery of PI3K inhibitors played more effective roles in the prevention of endotoxin-induced lung injury than the systemic delivery. The preventive effects of PI3K inhibitors varied most likely because of chemical properties, targeting sites, and pharmacokinetics. The local PI3K inhibitors prevented both endotoxin- and elastase-induced lung injury in mice and rats, possibly through directly inhibiting or inactivating the function of airway epithelial cells, which could not produce chemoattractant factors to activate neutrophils and macrophages. CONCLUSIONS PI3K may be a therapeutic target for lung injury, and local delivery of PI3K inhibitors may be one of the optimal approaches for the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaocong Fang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoli Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Diane Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Biomedical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biomedical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Wang M, Liu T, Wang D, Zheng Y, Wang X, He J. Therapeutic effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on acute lung injury in rabbits. J Transl Med 2011; 9:61. [PMID: 21569464 PMCID: PMC3112441 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an early characteristic of multiple organ dysfunction, responsible for high mortality and poor prognosis in patients. The present study aims to evaluate therapeutic effects and mechanisms of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on ALI. METHODS Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference, lung tissue edema and compromise, NF-κB activation in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN), and systemic levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rabbits induced by the intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with PDTC. Production of TNFa and IL-8, activation of Cathepsin G, and PMNs adhesion were also measured. RESULTS The intravenous administration of PDTC had partial therapeutic effects on endotoxemia-induced lung tissue edema and damage, neutrophil influx to the lung, alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction, and high systemic levels of TNFa and ICAM-1 as well as over-activation of NF-κB. PDTC could directly and partially inhibit LPS-induced TNFa hyper-production and over-activities of Cathepsin G. Such inhibitory effects of PDTC were related to the various stimuli and enhanced through combination with PI3K inhibitor. CONCLUSION NF-κB signal pathway could be one of targeting molecules and the combination with other signal pathway inhibitors may be an alternative of therapeutic strategies for ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meitang Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Military University Changhai Hospital, China
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Gibbings S, Elkins ND, Fitzgerald H, Tiao J, Weyman ME, Shibao G, Fini MA, Wright RM. Xanthine oxidoreductase promotes the inflammatory state of mononuclear phagocytes through effects on chemokine expression, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} sumoylation, and HIF-1{alpha}. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:961-75. [PMID: 21059659 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.150847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of pharmacological inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) have implicated XOR in many inflammatory diseases. Nonetheless, the role played by XOR during inflammation is poorly understood. We previously observed that inhibition of XOR within the inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) prevented neutrophil recruitment during adoptive transfer demonstrating the role of XOR in MNP-mediated neutrophil recruitment. To further explore the role of XOR in the inflammatory state of MNP, we studied MNP isolated from inflammatory lungs combined with analyses of MNP cell lines. We demonstrated that XOR activity was increased in inflammatory MNP following insufflation of Th-1 cytokines in vivo and that activity was specifically increased by MNP differentiation. Inhibition of XOR reduced levels of CINC-1 secreted by MNP. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in purified rat lung MNP and MNP cell lines reflected both the presence of PPARγ isoforms and PPARγ SUMOylation, and XOR inhibitors increased levels of SUMO-PPARγ in MNP cell lines. Both ectopic overexpression of XOR cDNA and uric acid supplementation reduced SUMO-PPARγ in MNP cells. Levels of the M2 markers CD36, CD206, and arginase-1 were modulated by uric acid and oxonic acid, whereas siRNA to SUMO-1 or PIAS-1 also reduced arginase-1 in RAW264.7 cells. We also observed that HIF-1α was increased by XOR inhibitors in inflammatory MNP and in MNP cell lines. These data demonstrate that XOR promotes the inflammatory state of MNP through effects on chemokine expression, PPARγ SUMOylation, and HIF-1α and suggest that strategies for inhibiting XOR may be valuable in modulating lung inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gibbings
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences, Division of Pulmonary Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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