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Penetra M, Arnaut LG, Gomes-da-Silva LC. Trial watch: an update of clinical advances in photodynamic therapy and its immunoadjuvant properties for cancer treatment. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2226535. [PMID: 37346450 PMCID: PMC10281486 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2226535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment used to target solid tumors, where the administration of a photosensitizing agent and light generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus resulting in strong oxidative stress that selectively damages the illuminated tissues. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that PDT can prime the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells throughout the body. However, there is still limited evidence of PDT-mediated anti-tumor immunity in clinical settings. In the last decade, several clinical trials on PDT for cancer treatment have been initiated, indicating that significant efforts are being made to improve current PDT protocols. However, most of these studies disregarded the immunological dimension of PDT. The immunomodulatory properties of PDT can be combined with standard therapy and/or emerging immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs), to achieve better disease control. Combining PDT with immunotherapy has shown synergistic effects in some preclinical models. However, the value of this combination in patients is still unknown, as the first clinical trials evaluating the combination of PDT with ICBs are just being initiated. Overall, this Trial Watch provides a summary of recent clinical information on the immunomodulatory properties of PDT and ongoing clinical trials using PDT to treat cancer patients. It also discusses the future perspectives of PDT for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Penetra
- CQC - Coimbra Chemistry Center, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís G. Arnaut
- CQC - Coimbra Chemistry Center, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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French AFU Cancer Committee Guidelines - Update 2022-2024: prostate cancer - Diagnosis and management of localised disease. Prog Urol 2022; 32:1275-1372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2022.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sobhani N, Samadani AA. Implications of photodynamic cancer therapy: an overview of PDT mechanisms basically and practically. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:34. [PMID: 34778919 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies. In this account, besides the molecular genetics methods including cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and general cancer therapy procedures like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, photodynamic adjuvant therapy is of great importance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a relatively noninvasive therapeutic method utilizes the irradiation of an appropriate wavelength which is absorbed by a photosensitizing agent in the presence of oxygen. In this procedure, a series of events lead to the direct death of malignant cells such as damage to the microvasculature and also the induction of a local inflammatory function. PDT has participated with other treatment modalities especially in the early stage of malignant tumors and has resulted in decreasing morbidity besides improving survival rate and quality of life. High spatial resolution of PDT has attracted considerable attention in the field of image-guided photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy of multidrug resistance cancers. Although PDT outcomes vary across the different tumor types, minimal natural tissue toxicity, minor systemic effects, significant reduction in long-term disease, lack of innate or acquired resistance mechanisms, and excellent cosmetic effects, as well as limb function, make it a valuable treatment option for combination therapies. SHORT CONCLUSION In this review article, we tried to discuss the potential of PDT in the treatment of some dermatologic and solid tumors, particularly all its important mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sobhani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran. .,Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Algorri JF, Ochoa M, Roldán-Varona P, Rodríguez-Cobo L, López-Higuera JM. Photodynamic Therapy: A Compendium of Latest Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4447. [PMID: 34503255 PMCID: PMC8430498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapy against cancer. Even though it has been investigated for more than 100 years, scientific publications have grown exponentially in the last two decades. For this reason, we present a brief compendium of reviews of the last two decades classified under different topics, namely, overviews, reviews about specific cancers, and meta-analyses of photosensitisers, PDT mechanisms, dosimetry, and light sources. The key issues and main conclusions are summarized, including ways and means to improve therapy and outcomes. Due to the broad scope of this work and it being the first time that a compendium of the latest reviews has been performed for PDT, it may be of interest to a wide audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Algorri
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Mario Ochoa
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pablo Roldán-Varona
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel López-Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Recommandations françaises du Comité de cancérologie de l’AFU – actualisation 2020–2022 : cancer de la prostate. Prog Urol 2020; 30:S136-S251. [DOI: 10.1016/s1166-7087(20)30752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Keerthiga R, Zhao Z, Pei D, Fu A. Photodynamic Nanophotosensitizers: Promising Materials for Tumor Theranostics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5474-5485. [PMID: 33320544 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic theranostics/therapy (PDT) is a potential strategy for selectively imaging malignant sites and treating cancer via a non-invasive therapeutic method. Photosensitizers, the crucial components of PDT, enable colocalization of photons and light, and photon/light therapy in the therapeutic window of 400-900 nm exhibits photocytotoxicity to tumor cells. Due to their high biostability and photocytotoxicity, nanophotosensitizers (NPSs) are of much interest for malignant tumor theranostics at present. NPS-activated photons transfer energy through the absorption of a photon and convert molecular oxygen to the singlet reactive oxygen species, which leads to apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, NPSs modified by polymers, including PLGA, PEG-PLA, PDLLA, PVCL-g-PLA, and P(VCL-co-VIM)-g-PLA, exhibit excellent biocompatibility, and a tumor-targeting molecule linked on the nanoparticle surface can precisely deliver NPSs into the tumor region. The development of NPSs will accelerate the progress in tumor theranostics through the photon/light pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendiran Keerthiga
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zizhen Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Desheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Ailing Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Maeshige N, Kitagawa K, Yamasaki S, Ishii A, Shirakawa T, Yang YM, Sung SY, Chen KC, Yuan ZM, Shigemura K, Fujisawa M. Can ultrasound irradiation be a therapeutic option for prostate cancer? Prostate 2020; 80:986-992. [PMID: 32557725 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal therapies for prostate cancer (PC) can reduce adverse events and do not lead to androgen-independent progression. Ultrasound could be used for cancer treatments if the repetition frequency is fitted to the purpose. We investigated the possible therapeutic effect of ultrasound irradiation on PC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We irradiated two PC cell lines, androgen-dependent LNCaP and -independent PC-3 with ultrasound (3.0 W/cm2 , 3 MHz, irradiation time rate: 20%) for 2 minutes for 1 day or 3 consecutive days at a repetition frequency of 1, 10, or 100 Hz in vitro. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined after irradiation. RESULTS Cell proliferation of PC-3 was significantly inhibited after 1 day (P < .0001) and 3 days (P < .0001) of 10 Hz ultrasound irradiation, and that of LNCaP after 1 day (P < .0001) and 3 days (P < .0001) of irradiation. LNCaP was more sensitive to ultrasound at both lower and higher cell density but PC-3 was only sensitive at a lower cell density (P < .01). Irradiation with 10 Hz ultrasound-induced significantly more PC-3 apoptotic cells than control (1 day, P = .0137; 3 days, P = .0386) rather than irradiation with 1 Hz. Apoptosis via caspase-3 was induced at 10 Hz in 1-day (P < .05) irradiation in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound irradiation with even 1 day of 10 Hz significantly inhibited cell proliferation in both LNCaP and PC-3, especially by the remarkable induction of apoptosis in vitro. Our study indicated that ultrasound irradiation can be a therapeutic option for PC and further studies in vivo will be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Japan
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Koichi Kitagawa
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Saya Yamasaki
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Aya Ishii
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yong-Ming Yang
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shian-Ying Sung
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Min Yuan
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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