Doppler ultrasound diagnosis of brachial artery injury due to blunt trauma: A Case Report

Acute Brachial Artery Occlusion on Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Emergency Department: A Case Report

INTRODUCTION

This is a case report of an acute right brachial artery occlusion found on point-of-care ultrasound in the emergency department (ED) that illustrates the developing role of ultrasound in rapid differentiation and identification of acute vascular emergencies.

CASE REPORT

An 87-year-old male with a past medical history of coronary artery bypass graft presented to the ED with acute right upper extremity pain, with point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) findings consistent with acute right brachial artery occlusion.

CONCLUSION

Arterial occlusions are vascular emergencies that can be rapidly identified on POCUS.

Rare brachial artery injury caused by blunt trauma; a case of the brachial artery laceration in an amateur volleyball player

Low-energy blunt brachial artery injury is very rare and can be easily missed. Moreover, brachial artery injury in an amateur volleyball player is extremely rare. A 33-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department with swelling on her left upper arm after playing volleyball. Paresis or paralysis was not observed. The pulse of the left brachial artery was palpable, but relatively weak. An ultrasound examination and a computed tomography, both, revealed a pseudoaneurysm on the posterior wall of the left brachial artery in the antecubital fossa. A massive hematoma was also observed beneath the artery. The examination ruled out any concomitant injuries such as fracture and dislocation of the joints. An emergency surgery was performed. A hockey stick skin incision was made from the distal brachium to the antecubital fossa. The left brachial artery was detected in the hematoma. A 15 mm-long laceration was observed on the posterior wall of the artery. The condition of the vessel wall around laceration was poor. Therefore, we resected the injured lesions. The defect was so long that the lesion was interposed by a reversed saphenous vein graft. Heparin was administered one day after the surgery, which was later changed to apixaban on the sixth day after the surgery. Apixaban was discontinued after a month post-surgery. During the follow-up period, the patient did not report any complications and the graft was unobstructed.