1
|
Waseem M, Wang BD. Promising Strategy of mPTP Modulation in Cancer Therapy: An Emerging Progress and Future Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5564. [PMID: 36982637 PMCID: PMC10051994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been progressively a major global health concern. With this developing global concern, cancer determent is one of the most significant public health challenges of this era. To date, the scientific community undoubtedly highlights mitochondrial dysfunction as a hallmark of cancer cells. Permeabilization of the mitochondrial membranes has been implicated as the most considerable footprint in apoptosis-mediated cancer cell death. Under the condition of mitochondrial calcium overload, exclusively mediated by oxidative stress, an opening of a nonspecific channel with a well-defined diameter in mitochondrial membrane allows free exchange between the mitochondrial matrix and the extra mitochondrial cytosol of solutes and proteins up to 1.5 kDa. Such a channel/nonspecific pore is recognized as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). mPTP has been established for regulating apoptosis-mediated cancer cell death. It has been evident that mPTP is critically linked with the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase II to defend cellular death and reduce cytochrome c release. However, elevated mitochondrial Ca2+ loading, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial depolarization are critical factors leading to mPTP opening/activation. Although the exact mechanism underlying mPTP-mediated cell death remains elusive, mPTP-mediated apoptosis machinery has been considered as an important clamp and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of several types of cancers. In this review, we focus on structure and regulation of the mPTP complex-mediated apoptosis mechanisms and follow with a comprehensive discussion addressing the development of novel mPTP-targeting drugs/molecules in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang L, Lu Z, Zhao X. Targeting Bcl-2 for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188569. [PMID: 34015412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis deficiency is one of the most important features observed in neoplastic diseases. The Bcl-2 family is composed of a subset of proteins that act as decisive apoptosis regulators. Research and clinical studies have both demonstrated that the hyperactivation of Bcl-2-related anti-apoptotic effects correlates with cancer occurrence, progression and prognosis, also having a role in facilitating the radio- and chemoresistance of various malignancies. Therefore, targeting Bcl-2 inactivation has provided some compelling therapeutic advantages by enhancing apoptotic sensitivity or reversing drug resistance. Therefore, this pharmacological route turned into one of the most promising routes for cancer treatment. This review discusses some of the well-defined and emerging roles of Bcl-2 as well as its potential clinical value in cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hamada N. What are the intracellular targets and intratissue target cells for radiation effects? Radiat Res 2014; 181:9-20. [PMID: 24369848 DOI: 10.1667/rr13505.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Exactly a century after Röntgen's discovery of X rays, I entered a university to major in radiological sciences. At that time, I felt that, despite extensive use and indispensable roles of ionizing radiation in medicine and industry, many fascinating questions have yet to be answered concerning its biological mechanisms of action, and thus I decided to get into the field of radiation research. Fifteen years have passed since I started radiobiological studies in 1998, during which time various basic tenets I initially learned in my late teens and early twenties have been challenged by recent observations. Of these, this brief overview particularly focuses on the following five different albeit non mutually exclusive questions: (i) "Is nuclear DNA the only intracellular target for radiation effects?"; (ii) "What is the significance of delayed cell death in clonogenic survival?"; (iii) "Does an irradiated cell become a cancer cell?"; (iv) "Are cataracts tissue reactions?"; and (v) "Why is high-LET radiation biologically effective?".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hamada
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rehman K, Tariq M, Akash MSH, Gillani Z, Qazi MH. Effect of HA14-1 on apoptosis-regulating proteins in HeLa cells. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 83:317-23. [PMID: 24118733 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of Bcl-2 has been recognized in various malignancies. Recently, HA14-1, a Bcl-2 antagonist, has been identified for its anti-apoptotic effect. However, mode of action of HA14-1 still remains to be elucidated. In this study, we examined HA14-1 binding efficiency with receptor proteins through molecular docking. Cell viability using HeLa cells was evaluated through MTT assay after exposure to different concentration of HA14-1. Moreover, after HA14-1 exposure, expressions of tumor suppressor protein (p53), BH3-only protein (Puma) and apoptosis-associated proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. From the results, it was found that HA14-1 occupied all three domains; BH1, BH2, and BH3 within the hydrophobic pocket of Bcl-2. However, HA14-1 occupied only BH1 and BH3 of Bcl-xl, conversely, no such stable bond was observed for Bax and Bak. ARG107 and TYR101 were the amino acids involved in the binding of HA14-1 to Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, respectively. Additionally, decrease in Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl expression along with increase in p53 and Puma expression after exposure to HA14-1 was observed. The results suggested p53 pathway to be the probable mechanism of action for the induction of apoptosis in HeLa cell by downregulating the effect of anti-apoptotic proteins suggesting that HA14-1 may provide therapeutic potential for the treatment of human cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Rehman
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hamada N, Imaoka T, Masunaga SI, Ogata T, Okayasu R, Takahashi A, Kato TA, Kobayashi Y, Ohnishi T, Ono K, Shimada Y, Teshima T. Recent advances in the biology of heavy-ion cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2010; 51:365-383. [PMID: 20679739 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.09137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Superb biological effectiveness and dose conformity represent a rationale for heavy-ion therapy, which has thus far achieved good cancer controllability while sparing critical normal organs. Immediately after irradiation, heavy ions produce dense ionization along their trajectories, cause irreparable clustered DNA damage, and alter cellular ultrastructure. These ions, as a consequence, inactivate cells more effectively with less cell-cycle and oxygen dependence than conventional photons. The modes of heavy ion-induced cell death/inactivation include apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, premature senescence, accelerated differentiation, delayed reproductive death of progeny cells, and bystander cell death. This paper briefly reviews the current knowledge of the biological aspects of heavy-ion therapy, with emphasis on the authors' recent findings. The topics include (i) repair mechanisms of heavy ion-induced DNA damage, (ii) superior effects of heavy ions on radioresistant tumor cells (intratumor quiescent cell population, TP53-mutated and BCL2-overexpressing tumors), (iii) novel capacity of heavy ions in suppressing cancer metastasis and neoangiogenesis, and (iv) potential of heavy ions to induce secondary (especially breast) cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hamada
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Komae, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hamada N. The Bystander Response to Heavy-Ion Radiation: Intercellular Signaling Between Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2187/bss.23.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
7
|
Hamada N. Recent insights into the biological action of heavy-ion radiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2009; 50:1-9. [PMID: 18838844 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.08070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological effectiveness varies with the linear energy transfer (LET) of ionizing radiation. During cancer therapy or long-term interplanetary manned explorations, humans are exposed to high-LET energetic heavy ions that inactivate cells more effectively than low-LET photons like X-rays and gamma-rays. Recent biological studies have illustrated that heavy ions overcome tumor radioresistance caused by Bcl-2 overexpression, p53 mutations and intratumor hypoxia, and possess antiangiogenic and antimetastatic potential. Compared with heavy ions alone, the combination with chemical agents (a Bcl-2 inhibitor HA14-1, an anticancer drug docetaxel, and a halogenated pyrimidine analogue 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine) or hyperthermia further enhances tumor cell killing. Beer, its certain constituents, or melatonin ameliorate heavy ion-induced damage to normal cells. In addition to effects in cells directly targeted with heavy ions, there is mounting evidence for nontargeted biological effects in cells that have not themselves been directly irradiated. The bystander effect of heavy ions manifests itself as the loss of clonogenic potential, a transient apoptotic response, delayed p53 phosphorylation, alterations in gene expression profiles, and the elevated frequency of gene mutations, micronuclei and chromosome aberrations, which arise in nonirradiated cells having received signals from irradiated cells. Proposed mediating mechanisms involve gap junctional intercellular communication, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. This paper reviews briefly the current knowledge of the biological effects of heavy-ion irradiation with a focus on recent findings regarding its potential benefits for therapeutic use as well as on the bystander effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hamada
- Department of Quantum Biology, Division of Bioregulatory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hamada N, Ni M, Funayama T, Sakashita T, Sora S, Nakano T, Kobayashi Y. A LET-Dependent Decrease in the Apoptotic Response of Normal Human Fibroblast Cultures to Isosurvival Doses of γ-Rays and Energetic Heavy Ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2187/bss.22.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Hamada N, Hara T, Omura-Minamisawa M, Ni M, Funayama T, Sakashita T, Sora S, Nakano T, Kobayashi Y. Heavy-Ion Microbeam Irradiation Induces Bystander Killing of Human Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2187/bss.22.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Sora S, Hamada N, Hara T, Funayama T, Sakashita T, Yokota Y, Nakano T, Kobayashi Y. Exposure of Normal Human Fibroblasts to Heavy-Ion Radiation Promotes Their Morphological Differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2187/bss.22.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|