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Tesson M, Stevenson K, Karim SA, Nixon C, Chalmers AJ, Sansom OJ, O'Neill E, Jones K, Morton JP. Targeted irradiation in an autochthonous mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050463. [PMID: 38421046 PMCID: PMC10958199 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The value of radiotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer has been the subject of much debate but limited preclinical research. We hypothesise that the poor translation of radiation research into clinical trials of radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer is due, in part, to inadequate preclinical study models. Here, we developed and refined methods for targeted irradiation in autochthonous mouse models of pancreatic cancer, using a small animal radiotherapy research platform. We tested and optimised strategies for administration of contrast agents, iohexol and the liver imaging agent Fenestra LC, to enable the use of computed tomography imaging in tumour localisation. We demonstrate accurate tumour targeting, negligible off-target effects and therapeutic efficacy, depending on dose, number of fractions and tumour size, and provide a proof of concept that precise radiation can be delivered effectively to mouse pancreatic tumours with a clinically relevant microenvironment. This advance will allow investigation of the radiation response in murine pancreatic cancer, discovery of mechanisms and biomarkers of radiosensitivity or resistance, and development of radiosensitising strategies to inform clinical trials for precision radiotherapy in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrina Stevenson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | | | - Colin Nixon
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Owen J. Sansom
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Keaton Jones
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jennifer P. Morton
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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2
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Slika H, Karimov Z, Alimonti P, Abou-Mrad T, De Fazio E, Alomari S, Tyler B. Preclinical Models and Technologies in Glioblastoma Research: Evolution, Current State, and Future Avenues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16316. [PMID: 38003507 PMCID: PMC10671665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary central nervous system tumor and one of the most debilitating cancers. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor, and the management of this tumor, both in its primary and recurrent forms, remains suboptimal. Despite the tremendous efforts that are being put forward by the research community to discover novel efficacious therapeutic agents and modalities, no major paradigm shifts have been established in the field in the last decade. However, this does not mirror the abundance of relevant findings and discoveries made in preclinical glioblastoma research. Hence, developing and utilizing appropriate preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate the characteristics and behavior of human glioblastoma is of utmost importance. Herein, we offer a holistic picture of the evolution of preclinical models of glioblastoma. We further elaborate on the commonly used in vitro and vivo models, delving into their development, favorable characteristics, shortcomings, and areas of potential improvement, which aids researchers in designing future experiments and utilizing the most suitable models. Additionally, this review explores progress in the fields of humanized and immunotolerant mouse models, genetically engineered animal models, 3D in vitro models, and microfluidics and highlights promising avenues for the future of preclinical glioblastoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Ziya Karimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Paolo Alimonti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Tatiana Abou-Mrad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Emerson De Fazio
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
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3
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Fabbri R, Cacopardo L, Ahluwalia A, Magliaro C. Advanced 3D Models of Human Brain Tissue Using Neural Cell Lines: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. Cells 2023; 12:1181. [PMID: 37190089 PMCID: PMC10136913 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human-relevant three-dimensional (3D) models of cerebral tissue can be invaluable tools to boost our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying brain pathophysiology. Nowadays, the accessibility, isolation and harvesting of human neural cells represents a bottleneck for obtaining reproducible and accurate models and gaining insights in the fields of oncology, neurodegenerative diseases and toxicology. In this scenario, given their low cost, ease of culture and reproducibility, neural cell lines constitute a key tool for developing usable and reliable models of the human brain. Here, we review the most recent advances in 3D constructs laden with neural cell lines, highlighting their advantages and limitations and their possible future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Fabbri
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering (DII), University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ludovica Cacopardo
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering (DII), University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Italy
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering (DII), University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Italy
| | - Chiara Magliaro
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering (DII), University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Italy
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4
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van der Wiel AM, Jackson-Patel V, Niemans R, Yaromina A, Liu E, Marcus D, Mowday AM, Lieuwes NG, Biemans R, Lin X, Fu Z, Kumara S, Jochems A, Ashoorzadeh A, Anderson RF, Hicks KO, Bull MR, Abbattista MR, Guise CP, Deschoemaeker S, Thiolloy S, Heyerick A, Solivio MJ, Balbo S, Smaill JB, Theys J, Dubois LJ, Patterson AV, Lambin P. Selectively Targeting Tumor Hypoxia With the Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug CP-506. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2372-2383. [PMID: 34625504 PMCID: PMC9398139 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAP) are a promising class of antineoplastic agents that can selectively eliminate hypoxic tumor cells. This study evaluates the hypoxia-selectivity and antitumor activity of CP-506, a DNA alkylating HAP with favorable pharmacologic properties. Stoichiometry of reduction, one-electron affinity, and back-oxidation rate of CP-506 were characterized by fast-reaction radiolytic methods with observed parameters fulfilling requirements for oxygen-sensitive bioactivation. Net reduction, metabolism, and cytotoxicity of CP-506 were maximally inhibited at oxygen concentrations above 1 μmol/L (0.1% O2). CP-506 demonstrated cytotoxicity selectively in hypoxic 2D and 3D cell cultures with normoxic/anoxic IC50 ratios up to 203. Complete resistance to aerobic (two-electron) metabolism by aldo-keto reductase 1C3 was confirmed through gain-of-function studies while retention of hypoxic (one-electron) bioactivation by various diflavin oxidoreductases was also demonstrated. In vivo, the antitumor effects of CP-506 were selective for hypoxic tumor cells and causally related to tumor oxygenation. CP-506 effectively decreased the hypoxic fraction and inhibited growth of a wide range of hypoxic xenografts. A multivariate regression analysis revealed baseline tumor hypoxia and in vitro sensitivity to CP-506 were significantly correlated with treatment response. Our results demonstrate that CP-506 selectively targets hypoxic tumor cells and has broad antitumor activity. Our data indicate that tumor hypoxia and cellular sensitivity to CP-506 are strong determinants of the antitumor effects of CP-506.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M.A. van der Wiel
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Victoria Jackson-Patel
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Raymon Niemans
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Emily Liu
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Damiënne Marcus
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M. Mowday
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natasja G. Lieuwes
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Biemans
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Xiaojing Lin
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhe Fu
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sisira Kumara
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Arthur Jochems
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Amir Ashoorzadeh
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert F. Anderson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin O. Hicks
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew R. Bull
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maria R. Abbattista
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christopher P. Guise
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeff B. Smaill
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jan Theys
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J. Dubois
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Adam V. Patterson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Corresponding Author: Adam V. Patterson, Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. E-mail:
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The D-Lab and The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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5
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Establishment and Validation of CyberKnife Irradiation in a Syngeneic Glioblastoma Mouse Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143416. [PMID: 34298631 PMCID: PMC8303959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) provides precise high-dose irradiation of intracranial tumors. However, its radiobiological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aims to establish CyberKnife SRS on an intracranial glioblastoma tumor mouse model and assesses the early radiobiological effects of radiosurgery. Following exposure to a single dose of 20 Gy, the tumor volume was evaluated using MRI scans, whereas cellular proliferation and apoptosis, tumor vasculature, and immune response were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. The mean tumor volume was significantly reduced by approximately 75% after SRS. The precision of irradiation was verified by the detection of DNA damage consistent with the planned dose distribution. Our study provides a suitable mouse model for reproducible and effective irradiation and further investigation of radiobiological effects and combination therapies of intracranial tumors using CyberKnife. Abstract CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (CK-SRS) precisely delivers radiation to intracranial tumors. However, the underlying radiobiological mechanisms at high single doses are not yet fully understood. Here, we established and evaluated the early radiobiological effects of CK-SRS treatment at a single dose of 20 Gy after 15 days of tumor growth in a syngeneic glioblastoma-mouse model. Exact positioning was ensured using a custom-made, non-invasive, and trackable frame. One superimposed target volume for the CK-SRS planning was created from the fused tumor volumes obtained from MRIs prior to irradiation. Dose calculation and delivery were planned using a single-reference CT scan. Six days after irradiation, tumor volumes were measured using MRI scans, and radiobiological effects were assessed using immunofluorescence staining. We found that CK-SRS treatment reduced tumor volume by approximately 75%, impaired cell proliferation, diminished tumor vasculature, and increased immune response. The accuracy of the delivered dose was demonstrated by staining of DNA double-strand breaks in accordance with the planned dose distribution. Overall, we confirmed that our proposed setup enables the precise irradiation of intracranial tumors in mice using only one reference CT and superimposed MRI volumes. Thus, our proposed mouse model for reproducible CK-SRS can be used to investigate radiobiological effects and develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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Ruiz-Garcia H, Alvarado-Estrada K, Schiapparelli P, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Trifiletti DM. Engineering Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Glioma Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:558381. [PMID: 33177991 PMCID: PMC7596188 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.558381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor, leading to a uniform fatality after diagnosis. A major difficulty in eradicating GBM is the presence of microscopic residual infiltrating disease remaining after multimodality treatment. Glioma cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been pinpointed as the treatment-resistant tumor component that seeds ultimate tumor progression. Despite the key role of CSCs, the ideal preclinical model to study the genetic and epigenetic landmarks driving their malignant behavior while simulating an accurate interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still missing. The introduction of three-dimensional (3D) tumor platforms, such as organoids and 3D bioprinting, has allowed for a better representation of the pathophysiologic interactions between glioma CSCs and the TME. Thus, these technologies have enabled a more detailed study of glioma biology, tumor angiogenesis, treatment resistance, and even performing high-throughput screening assays of drug susceptibility. First, we will review the foundation of glioma biology and biomechanics of the TME, and then the most up-to-date insights about the applicability of these new tools in malignant glioma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Ruiz-Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Paula Schiapparelli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Daniel M Trifiletti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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Use of a Luciferase-Expressing Orthotopic Rat Brain Tumor Model to Optimize a Targeted Irradiation Strategy for Efficacy Testing with Temozolomide. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061585. [PMID: 32549357 PMCID: PMC7352586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and aggressive malignant brain cancer with a mean survival time of approximately 15 months after initial diagnosis. Currently, the standard-of-care (SOC) treatment for this disease consists of radiotherapy (RT) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). We sought to develop an orthotopic preclinical model of GBM and to optimize a protocol for non-invasive monitoring of tumor growth, allowing for determination of the efficacy of SOC therapy using a targeted RT strategy combined with TMZ. A strong correlation (r = 0.80) was observed between contrast-enhanced (CE)-CT-based volume quantification and bioluminescent (BLI)-integrated image intensity when monitoring tumor growth, allowing for BLI imaging as a substitute for CE-CT. An optimized parallel-opposed single-angle RT beam plan delivered on average 96% of the expected RT dose (20, 30 or 60 Gy) to the tumor. Normal tissue on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of the brain were spared 84% and 99% of the expected dose, respectively. An increase in median survival time was demonstrated for all SOC regimens compared to untreated controls (average 5.2 days, p < 0.05), but treatment was not curative, suggesting the need for novel treatment options to increase therapeutic efficacy.
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8
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Poirier Y, Johnstone CD, Anvari A, Brodin NP, Santos MD, Bazalova-Carter M, Sawant A. A failure modes and effects analysis quality management framework for image-guided small animal irradiators: A change in paradigm for radiation biology. Med Phys 2020; 47:2013-2022. [PMID: 31986221 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Image-guided small animal irradiators (IGSAI) are increasingly being adopted in radiation biology research. These animal irradiators, designed to deliver radiation with submillimeter accuracy, exhibit complexity similar to that of clinical radiation delivery systems, including image guidance, robotic stage motion, and treatment planning systems. However, physics expertise and resources are scarcer in radiation biology, which makes implementation of conventional prescriptive QA infeasible. In this study, we apply the failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA) popularized by the AAPM task group 100 (TG-100) report to IGSAI and radiation biological research. METHODS Radiation biological research requires a change in paradigm where small errors to large populations of animals are more severe than grievous errors that only affect individuals. To this end, we created a new adverse effects severity table adapted to radiation biology research based on the original AAPM TG-100 severity table. We also produced a process tree which outlines the main components of radiation biology studies performed on an IGSAI, adapted from the original clinical IMRT process tree from TG-100. Using this process tree, we created and distributed a preliminary survey to eight expert IGSAI operators in four institutions. Operators rated proposed failure modes for occurrence, severity, and lack of detectability, and were invited to share their own experienced failure modes. Risk probability numbers (RPN) were calculated and used to identify the failure modes which most urgently require intervention. RESULTS Surveyed operators indicated a number of high (RPN >125) failure modes specific to small animal irradiators. Errors due to equipment breakdown, such as loss of anesthesia or thermal control, received relatively low RPN (12-48) while errors related to the delivery of radiation dose received relatively high RPN (72-360). Errors identified could either be improved by manufacturer intervention (e.g., electronic interlocks for filter/collimator) or physics oversight (errors related to tube calibration or treatment planning system commissioning). Operators identified a number of failure modes including collision between the collimator and the stage, misalignment between imaging and treatment isocenter, inaccurate robotic stage homing/translation, and incorrect SSD applied to hand calculations. These were all relatively highly rated (90-192), indicating a possible bias in operators towards reporting high RPN failure modes. CONCLUSIONS The first FMEA specific to radiation biology research was applied to image-guided small animal irradiators following the TG-100 methodology. A new adverse effects severity table and a process tree recognizing the need for a new paradigm were produced, which will be of great use to future investigators wishing to pursue FMEA in radiation biology research. Future work will focus on expanding scope of user surveys to users of all commercial IGSAI and collaborating with manufacturers to increase the breadth of surveyed expert operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Poirier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Daniel Johnstone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Akbar Anvari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Patrik Brodin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Morgane Dos Santos
- Service de Recherche en Radiobiologie et en Médecine régénérative, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie des expositions Accidentelles, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Amit Sawant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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9
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Stegen B, Nieto A, Albrecht V, Maas J, Orth M, Neumaier K, Reinhardt S, Weick-Kleemann M, Goetz W, Reinhart M, Parodi K, Belka C, Niyazi M, Lauber K. Contrast-enhanced, conebeam CT-based, fractionated radiotherapy and follow-up monitoring of orthotopic mouse glioblastoma: a proof-of-concept study. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:19. [PMID: 31969174 PMCID: PMC6977274 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-1470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite aggressive treatment regimens comprising surgery and radiochemotherapy, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a cancer entity with very poor prognosis. The development of novel, combined modality approaches necessitates adequate preclinical model systems and therapy regimens that closely reflect the clinical situation. So far, image-guided, fractionated radiotherapy of orthotopic GBM models represents a major limitation in this regard. Methods GL261 mouse GBM cells were inoculated into the right hemispheres of C57BL/6 mice. Tumor growth was monitored by contrast-enhanced conebeam CT (CBCT) scans. When reaching an average volume of approximately 7 mm3, GBM tumors were irradiated with daily fractions of 2 Gy up to a cumulative dose of 20 Gy in different beam collimation settings. For treatment planning and tumor volume follow-up, contrast-enhanced CBCT scans were performed twice per week. Daily repositioning of animals was achieved by alignment of bony structures in native CBCT scans. When showing neurological symptoms, mice were sacrificed by cardiac perfusion. Brains, livers, and kidneys were processed into histologic sections. Potential toxic effects of contrast agent administration were assessed by measurement of liver enzyme and creatinine serum levels and by histologic examination. Results Tumors were successfully visualized by contrast-enhanced CBCT scans with a detection limit of approximately 2 mm3, and treatment planning could be performed. For daily repositioning of the animals, alignment of bony structures in native CT scans was well feasible. Fractionated irradiation caused a significant delay in tumor growth translating into significantly prolonged survival in clear dependence of the beam collimation setting and margin size. Brain sections revealed tumors of similar appearance and volume on the day of euthanasia. Importantly, the repeated contrast agent injections were well tolerated, as liver enzyme and creatinine serum levels were only subclinically elevated, and liver and kidney sections displayed normal histomorphology. Conclusions Contrast-enhanced, CT-based, fractionated radiation of orthotopic mouse GBM represents a versatile preclinical technique for the development and evaluation of multimodal radiotherapeutic approaches in combination with novel therapeutic agents in order to accelerate translation into clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Stegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nieto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Albrecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Maas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klement Neumaier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Reinhardt
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Weick-Kleemann
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Katia Parodi
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partnersite Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.
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10
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Sosa Iglesias V, van Hoof SJ, Vaniqui A, Schyns LE, Lieuwes N, Yaromina A, Spiegelberg L, Groot AJ, Verhaegen F, Theys J, Dubois L, Vooijs M. An orthotopic non-small cell lung cancer model for image-guided small animal radiotherapy platforms. Br J Radiol 2018; 92:20180476. [PMID: 30465693 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS: An orthotopic non-small cell lung cancer model in NMRI-nude mice was established to investigate the complementary information acquired from 80 kVp microcone-beam CT (micro-CBCT) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI) using different angles and filter settings. Different micro-CBCT-based radiation-delivery plans were evaluated based on their dose-volume histogram metrics of tumor and organs at risk to select the optimal treatment plan. RESULTS: H1299 cell suspensions injected directly into the lung render exponentially growing single tumor nodules whose CBCT-based volume quantification strongly correlated with BLI-integrated intensity. Parallel-opposed single angle beam plans through a single lung are preferred for smaller tumors, whereas for larger tumors, plans that spread the radiation dose across healthy tissues are favored. CONCLUSIONS: Closely mimicking a clinical setting for lung cancer with highly advanced preclinical radiation treatment planning is possible in mice developing orthotopic lung tumors. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: BLI and CBCT imaging of orthotopic lung tumors provide complementary information in a temporal manner. The optimal radiotherapy plan is tumor volume-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venus Sosa Iglesias
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Ana Vaniqui
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Ejr Schyns
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Lieuwes
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Linda Spiegelberg
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J Groot
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Jan Theys
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Marc Vooijs
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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11
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Poirier Y, Johnstone CD, Kirkby C. The potential impact of ultrathin filter design on dosimetry and relative biological effectiveness in modern image-guided small animal irradiators. Br J Radiol 2018; 92:20180537. [PMID: 30281330 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Modern image-guided small animal irradiators like the Xstrahl Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) are designed with ultrathin 0.15 mm Cu filters, which compared with more heavily filtrated traditional cabinet-style biological irradiators, produce X-ray spectra weighted toward lower energies, impacting the dosimetric properties and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). This study quantifies the effect of ultrathin filter design on relative depth dose profiles, absolute dose output, and RBE using Monte Carlo techniques. METHODS: The percent depth-dose and absolute dose output are calculated using kVDoseCalc and EGSnrc, respectively, while a tally based on the induction of double-strand breaks as a function of electron spectra invoked in PENELOPE is used to estimate the RBE. RESULTS: The RBE increases by >2.4% in the ultrathin filter design compared to a traditional irradiator. Furthermore, minute variations in filter thickness have notable effects on the dosimetric properties of the X-ray beam, increasing the percent depth dose (at 2 cm in water) by + 0.4%/0.01 mm Cu and decreasing absolute dose (at 2 cm depth in water) by -1.8%/0.01 mm Cu for the SARRP. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that modern image-guided irradiators are quite sensitive to small manufacturing variations in filter thickness, and show a small change in RBE compared to traditional X-ray irradiators. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: We quantify the consequences of ultrathin filter design in modern image-guided biological irradiators on relative and absolute dose, and RBE. Our results show these to be small, but not insignificant, suggesting laboratories transitioning between irradiators should carefully design their radiobiological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Poirier
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA.,2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Physics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Christopher Daniel Johnstone
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA.,3 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria , Victoria, BC , Canada
| | - Charles Kirkby
- 4 Department of Medical Physics, Jack Ady Cancer Center , Lethbridge, AB , Canada.,5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB , Canada.,6 Department of Oncology, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB , Canada
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12
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Association of Notch-1, osteopontin and stem-like cells in ENU-glioma malignant process. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31330-31341. [PMID: 30140373 PMCID: PMC6101132 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch-1 and osteopontin (OPN) mediate angiogenesis and glioma stem-like cell (GSLC) maintenance. However, the relationship between these molecules and GSLCs during the development of glioma is unknown. We investigate the expression of Notch-1, OPN and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) associated to the stemness markers nestin and CD133 in three stages of murine gliomas induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). Notch-1 and OPN overexpress in the intermediate stage (II), which corresponds to the "angiogenesis switch". Nestin+ cells appear in all stages of ENU-glioma but CD133 only from stage II on. In stage III, neoplastic cells expressing nestin, CD133 and nestin/CD133 reside in spheroid-like aggregates (SAs) and in the neoangiogenic border. These aggregates show Notch-1 and VEGF+ surrounding cells and a significant size and density increase with respect to stage I (3.3 ± 1.5 to 22.4 ± 6.3 µm2, n° = 0.3 ± 0.1 to 4.2 ± 0.9, from stage I to stage III, respectively). OPN expression increases in correlation to the glioma malignancy from 4.5 ± 1.8% (I) to 12.3 ± 1.2% of OPN+ cells (III). It predominates in astrocyte-like cells of the neoangiogenic border, displaying co-location with VEGF and CD133. The OPN immunopositivity distribution correlates with the CD133 distribution. In conclusion, OPN co-expressing with CD133 contributes to the identification of GSLCs in the neoangiogenic border, while Notch-1 is present around SAs in advanced stages. The ENU-glioma, mainly in stage II, is a useful tool for assessing new antitumour therapies against these molecules.
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13
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Anvari A, Poirier Y, Sawant A. Development and implementation of
EPID
‐based quality assurance tests for the small animal radiation research platform (
SARRP
). Med Phys 2018; 45:3246-3257. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Anvari
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Yannick Poirier
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Amit Sawant
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA
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14
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Yahyanejad S, King H, Iglesias VS, Granton PV, Barbeau LMO, van Hoof SJ, Groot AJ, Habets R, Prickaerts J, Chalmers AJ, Eekers DBP, Theys J, Short SC, Verhaegen F, Vooijs M. NOTCH blockade combined with radiation therapy and temozolomide prolongs survival of orthotopic glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41251-41264. [PMID: 27183910 PMCID: PMC5173056 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. The current standard of care includes surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Treatment often fails due to the radiation resistance and intrinsic or acquired TMZ resistance of a small percentage of cells with stem cell-like behavior (CSC). The NOTCH signaling pathway is expressed and active in human glioblastoma and NOTCH inhibitors attenuate tumor growth in vivo in xenograft models. Here we show using an image guided micro-CT and precision radiotherapy platform that a combination of the clinically approved NOTCH/γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) RO4929097 with standard of care (TMZ + RT) reduces tumor growth and prolongs survival compared to dual combinations. We show that GSI in combination with RT and TMZ attenuates proliferation, decreases 3D spheroid growth and results into a marked reduction in clonogenic survival in primary and established glioma cell lines. We found that the glioma stem cell marker CD133, SOX2 and Nestin were reduced following combination treatments and NOTCH inhibitors albeit in a different manner. These findings indicate that NOTCH inhibition combined with standard of care treatment has an anti-glioma stem cell effect which provides an improved survival benefit for GBM and encourages further translational and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Yahyanejad
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henry King
- Radiation Biology and Therapy Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, England
| | - Venus Sosa Iglesias
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick V Granton
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lydie M O Barbeau
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan J van Hoof
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J Groot
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roger Habets
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Translational Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Daniëlle B P Eekers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastro Clinic, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Theys
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Susan C Short
- Radiation Biology and Therapy Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, England
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Vooijs
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO)/GROW, School for Developmental Biology and Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Rodemann HP, Datta NR, Bodis S. Molecular radiation biology/oncology and its impact on preclinical and clinical research in radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:339-343. [PMID: 28888706 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Niloy Ranjan Datta
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bodis
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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De Ruysscher D, Granton PV, Lieuwes NG, van Hoof S, Wollin L, Weynand B, Dingemans AM, Verhaegen F, Dubois L. Nintedanib reduces radiation-induced microscopic lung fibrosis but this cannot be monitored by CT imaging: A preclinical study with a high precision image-guided irradiator. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:482-487. [PMID: 28774597 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nintedanib has anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity and is approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of this study was to noninvasively assess the efficacy of nintedanib in a mouse model of partial lung irradiation to prevent radiation-induced lung damage (RILD). METHODS 266 C57BL/6 adult male mice were irradiated with a single radiation dose (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20Gy) using parallel-opposed fields targeting the upper right lung using a precision image-guided small animal irradiator sparing heart and spine based on micro-CT images. One week post irradiation, mice were randomized across nintedanib daily oral gavage treatment (0, 30 or 60mg/kg). CT density analysis of the lungs was performed on monthly acquired micro-CT images. After 39weeks, lungs were processed to evaluate the fibrotic phenotype. RESULTS Although the CT density increase correlated with the radiation dose, nintedanib did not influence this relationship. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the ability of nintedanib to reduce the microscopic fibrotic phenotype, in particular interstitial edema, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis and inflammation, and vasculitis. CONCLUSIONS Nintedanib reduces radiation-induced lung fibrosis after partial lung irradiation without adverse effects, however, noninvasive CT imaging measuring electron density cannot be applied for monitoring its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Vincent Granton
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Gaby Lieuwes
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan van Hoof
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Anne-Marie Dingemans
- Department of Pulmonology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
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17
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Koontz BF, Verhaegen F, De Ruysscher D. Tumour and normal tissue radiobiology in mouse models: how close are mice to mini-humans? Br J Radiol 2017; 90:20160441. [PMID: 27612010 PMCID: PMC5605019 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal modelling is essential to the study of radiobiology and the advancement of clinical radiation oncology by providing preclinical data. Mouse models in particular have been highly utilized in the study of both tumour and normal tissue radiobiology because of their cost effectiveness and versatility. Technology has significantly advanced in preclinical radiation techniques to allow highly conformal image-guided irradiation of small animals in an effort to mimic human treatment capabilities. However, the biological and physical limitations of animal modelling should be recognized and considered when interpreting preclinical radiotherapy (RT) studies. Murine tumour and normal tissue radioresponse has been shown to vary from human cellular and molecular pathways. Small animal irradiation techniques utilize different anatomical boundaries and may have different physical properties than human RT. This review addresses the difference between the human condition and mouse models and discusses possible strategies for future refinement of murine models of cancer and radiation for the benefit of both basic radiobiology and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget F Koontz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW—School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW—School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Oncology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Tillner F, Thute P, Löck S, Dietrich A, Fursov A, Haase R, Lukas M, Rimarzig B, Sobiella M, Krause M, Baumann M, Bütof R, Enghardt W. Precise image-guided irradiation of small animals: a flexible non-profit platform. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:3084-108. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/8/3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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