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Wang C, Li Z, Zhai H, Shen X, Li F, Zhang Q, Li D, Hou H. Targeted blocking of EGFR and GLUT1 by compound H reveals a new strategy for treatment of triple-negative breast cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 198:106789. [PMID: 38710335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoplasmic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in both nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), while clinical outcome and prognosis vary greatly among patients treated with gefitinib, and all patients eventually develop resistance to this agent. Therefore, we propose a new concept for synthesizing multitarget compounds and reveal new therapeutic strategies for NPC and TNBC expressing EGFR. METHODS Compound H was synthesized in our previous study. Molecular docking, and cell thermal shift assays (CETSAs) and drug affinity responsive target stability(DARTS) were used to confirm the binding of compound H to EGFR and GLUT1. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT), annexin V-PE assays, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assays, and animal models were used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of compound H on TNBC cell lines. Energy metabolism tests, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to evaluate the synergistic effects on EGFR- and glucose transporter type 1(GLUT1)-mediated energy metabolism. RESULTS Compound H can simultaneously act on the EGFR tyrosine kinase ATP-binding site and inhibit GLUT1-mediated energy metabolism, resulting in reductions in ATP, MMP, intra-cellular lactic acid, and EGFR nuclear transfer. The anti-tumor activity of compound H is significantly superior to the combination of GLUT1 inhibitor BAY876 and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. Compound H has remarkable anti-proliferative effects on TNBC MDA-MB231 cells, and importantly, no obvious toxicity effects of compound H were found in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Synergistic effects of inhibition of EGFR- and GLUT1-mediated energy metabolism by compound H may present a new strategy for the treatment of TNBC and NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhaoquan Li
- Clinical Pharmacology Discipline, GongRen Hospital of Wuzhou, Wuzhou 543000, China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Honglan Zhai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fengming Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Danrong Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Huaxin Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No. 22, Nanning 530021, China.
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Tan J, Sun X, Zhao H, Guan H, Gao S, Zhou P. Double-strand DNA break repair: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e388. [PMID: 37808268 PMCID: PMC10556206 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-strand break (DSB), a significant DNA damage brought on by ionizing radiation, acts as an initiating signal in tumor radiotherapy, causing cancer cells death. The two primary pathways for DNA DSB repair in mammalian cells are nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR), which cooperate and compete with one another to achieve effective repair. The DSB repair mechanism depends on numerous regulatory variables. DSB recognition and the recruitment of DNA repair components, for instance, depend on the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and the Ku70/80 heterodimer/DNA-PKcs (DNA-PK) complex, whose control is crucial in determining the DSB repair pathway choice and efficiency of HR and NHEJ. In-depth elucidation on the DSB repair pathway's molecular mechanisms has greatly facilitated for creation of repair proteins or pathways-specific inhibitors to advance precise cancer therapy and boost the effectiveness of cancer radiotherapy. The architectures, roles, molecular processes, and inhibitors of significant target proteins in the DSB repair pathways are reviewed in this article. The strategy and application in cancer therapy are also discussed based on the advancement of inhibitors targeted DSB damage response and repair proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Tan
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xingyao Sun
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
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Hsieh CY, Sung CH, Shen YL(E, Lai YC, Lu KY, Lin G. Developing a Method to Estimate the Downstream Metabolite Signals from Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]Pyruvate. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5480. [PMID: 35897987 PMCID: PMC9332172 DOI: 10.3390/s22155480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI has the advantage of allowing the study of glycolytic flow in vivo or in vitro dynamically in real-time. The apparent exchange rate constant of a metabolite dynamic signal reflects the metabolite changes of a disease. Downstream metabolites can have a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), causing apparent exchange rate constant inconsistencies. Thus, we developed a method that estimates a more accurate metabolite signal. This method utilizes a kinetic model and background noise to estimate metabolite signals. Simulations and in vitro studies with photon-irradiated and control groups were used to evaluate the procedure. Simulated and in vitro exchange rate constants estimated using our method were compared with the raw signal values. In vitro data were also compared to the Area-Under-Curve (AUC) of the cell medium in 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). In the simulations and in vitro experiments, our technique minimized metabolite signal fluctuations and maintained reliable apparent exchange rate constants. In addition, the apparent exchange rate constants of the metabolites showed differences between the irradiation and control groups after using our method. Comparing the in vitro results obtained using our method and NMR, both solutions showed consistency when uncertainty was considered, demonstrating that our method can accurately measure metabolite signals and show how glycolytic flow changes. The method enhanced the signals of the metabolites and clarified the metabolic phenotyping of tumor cells, which could benefit personalized health care and patient stratification in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Hsieh
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-H.S.)
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Sung
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-H.S.)
| | - Yi-Liang (Eric) Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ying-Chieh Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Ying Lu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
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4
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Guo J, Amini S, Lei Q, Ping Y, Agola JO, Wang L, Zhou L, Cao J, Franco S, Noureddine A, Miserez A, Zhu W, Brinker CJ. Robust and Long-Term Cellular Protein and Enzymatic Activity Preservation in Biomineralized Mammalian Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2164-2175. [PMID: 35143166 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Preservation of evolved biological structure and function in robust engineering materials is of interest for storage of biological samples before diagnosis and development of vaccines, sensors, and enzymatic reactors and has the potential to avoid cryopreservation and its associated cold-chain issues. Here, we demonstrate that "freezing cells in amorphous silica" is a powerful technique for long-term preservation of whole mammalian cell proteomic structure and function at room temperature. Biomimetic silicification employs the crowded protein microenvironment of mammalian cells as a catalytic framework to proximally transform monomeric silicic acid into silicates forming a nanoscopic silica shell over all biomolecular interfaces. Silicification followed by dehydration preserves and passivates proteomic information within a nanoscale thin silica coating that exhibits size selective permeability (<3.6 nm), preventing protein leaching and protease degradation of cellular contents, while providing access of small molecular constituents for cellular enzymatic reaction. Exposure of dehydrated silicified cells to mild etchant or prolonged hydrolysis removes the silica, completely rerevealing biomolecular components and restoring their accessibility and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Guo
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials and the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Qi Lei
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ping
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jacob Ongudi Agola
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials and the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Liang Zhou
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangfan Cao
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Stefan Franco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Achraf Noureddine
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials and the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Ali Miserez
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials and the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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RNA-binding protein p54 nrb/NONO potentiates nuclear EGFR-mediated tumorigenesis of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:42. [PMID: 35013116 PMCID: PMC8748691 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear-localized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) highly correlates with the malignant progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer. However, molecular mechanisms of nuclear EGFR in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed gene-annotation enrichment analysis for the interactors of nuclear EGFR and found that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) were closely associated with nuclear EGFR. We further demonstrated p54nrb/NONO, one of the RBPs, significantly interacted with nuclear EGFR. NONO was upregulated in 80 paired TNBC tissues and indicated a poor prognosis. Furthermore, NONO knockout significantly inhibited TNBC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, NONO increased the stability of nuclear EGFR and recruited CREB binding protein (CBP) and its accompanying E1A binding protein p300, thereby enhancing the transcriptional activity of EGFR. In turn, EGFR positively regulated the affinity of NONO to mRNAs of nuclear EGFR downstream genes. Furthermore, the results indicated that the nuclear EGFR/NONO complex played a critical role in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. Taken together, our findings indicate that NONO enhances nuclear EGFR-mediated tumorigenesis and may be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC patients with nuclear EGFR expression.
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Thibault PA, Ganesan A, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Clarke JPWE, Salapa HE, Levin MC. hnRNP A/B Proteins: An Encyclopedic Assessment of Their Roles in Homeostasis and Disease. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080712. [PMID: 34439945 PMCID: PMC8389229 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The hnRNP A/B family of proteins is canonically central to cellular RNA metabolism, but due to their highly conserved nature, the functional differences between hnRNP A1, A2/B1, A0, and A3 are often overlooked. In this review, we explore and identify the shared and disparate homeostatic and disease-related functions of the hnRNP A/B family proteins, highlighting areas where the proteins have not been clearly differentiated. Herein, we provide a comprehensive assembly of the literature on these proteins. We find that there are critical gaps in our grasp of A/B proteins' alternative splice isoforms, structures, regulation, and tissue and cell-type-specific functions, and propose that future mechanistic research integrating multiple A/B proteins will significantly improve our understanding of how this essential protein family contributes to cell homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Thibault
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Canada; (P.A.T.); (J.-P.W.E.C.); (H.E.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X8, Canada
| | - Aravindhan Ganesan
- ArGan’s Lab, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - Subha Kalyaanamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - Joseph-Patrick W. E. Clarke
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Canada; (P.A.T.); (J.-P.W.E.C.); (H.E.S.)
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Hannah E. Salapa
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Canada; (P.A.T.); (J.-P.W.E.C.); (H.E.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X8, Canada
| | - Michael C. Levin
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Canada; (P.A.T.); (J.-P.W.E.C.); (H.E.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X8, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Liu KX, Everdell E, Pal S, Haas-Kogan DA, Milligan MG. Harnessing Lactate Metabolism for Radiosensitization. Front Oncol 2021; 11:672339. [PMID: 34367959 PMCID: PMC8343095 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.672339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to promote cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Alterations in the lactate pathway have been characterized in diverse cancers, correlate with outcomes, and lead to many downstream effects, including decreasing oxidative stress, promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, lipid synthesis, and building chemo- or radio-resistance. Radiotherapy is a key modality of treatment for many cancers and approximately 50% of patients with cancer will receive radiation for cure or palliation; thus, overcoming radio-resistance is important for improving outcomes. Growing research suggests that important molecular controls of the lactate pathway may serve as novel therapeutic targets and in particular, radiosensitizers. In this mini-review, we will provide an overview of lactate metabolism in cancer, discuss three important contributors to lactate metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase, monocarboxylate transporters, and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier), and present data that inhibition of these three pathways can lead to radiosensitization. Future research is needed to further understand critical regulators of lactate metabolism and explore clinical safety and efficacy of inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase, monocarboxylate transporters, and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier alone and in combination with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin X Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Sharmistha Pal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daphne A Haas-Kogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael G Milligan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Milk somatic cell derived transcriptome analysis identifies regulatory genes and pathways during lactation in Indian Sahiwal cattle (Bos indicus). Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7029-7038. [PMID: 32880836 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study is an effort to understand the genomic drivers of lactation in Sahiwal (Bos indicus), the best milch cattle breed of the tropics. METHODS RNA sequencing of four animals from early, mid and late lactation stages was performed using milk somatic cells as source of RNA. RESULTS The genes encoding the milk casein and whey proteins showed highest expression in early and mid lactation, with a declining trend towards the late stage. The enhanced expression of PLIN2, FABP5 and FABP3 genes in mid lactation suggests enrichment of the PPARα pathway which is linked to fatty acid metabolism. A gradual decline in the percentage of genes involved in metabolism of proteins, mRNA and insulin synthesis from early to late lactation reflected transition from lactogenesis to involution. Major biological pathways maintained throughout lactation were adaptive immune system, FGF signaling, EGFR signaling, activated TLR4 signaling, NFkB and MAP kinases activation mediated by TLR4 signaling repertoire. Differential expression analysis revealed 547, 1010 and 1313 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) between early-late, early-mid and mid-late stages, respectively. The topmost regulatory genes identified by network analysis from the differentially expressed genes, were involved in Chemokine receptor, GPCR and EGFR1 pathways. CONCLUSION The genes and pathways delineated in this study have regulatory implications in cell morphogenesis, lipid droplet formation and protein synthesis in the course of lactation. The study provides an insight into the expression profile of genes influencing milk properties and lactation in Sahiwal cattle.
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Ng SSW, Jang GH, Kurland IJ, Qiu Y, Guha C, Dawson LA. Plasma metabolomic profiles in liver cancer patients following stereotactic body radiotherapy. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102973. [PMID: 32891936 PMCID: PMC7484529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study sought to identify differentially expressed plasma metabolites in HCC patients at baseline and early during SBRT, and to explore if changes in these metabolites early during SBRT may serve as biomarkers for radiation-induced liver injury and/or tumour response. Methods Forty-seven HCC patients were treated with SBRT on previously published prospective trials. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and after one to two fractions of SBRT, and analysed by GC/MS and LC/MS for untargeted and targeted metabolomics profiling, respectively. Findings Sixty-nine metabolites at baseline and 62 metabolites after one to two fractions of SBRT were differentially expressed, and strongly separated the Child Pugh (CP) B from the CP A HCC patients. These metabolites are associated with oxidative stress and alterations in hepatic cellular metabolism. Differential upregulation of serine, alanine, taurine, and lipid metabolites early during SBRT from baseline was noted in the HCC patients who demonstrated the greatest increase in CP scores at three months post SBRT, suggesting that high protein and lipid turnover early during SBRT may portend increased clinical liver toxicity. Twenty annotated metabolites including fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, and acylcarnitines were differentially upregulated early during SBRT from baseline and separated patients with complete/partial response from those with stable disease at three months post SBRT. Interpretation Dysregulation of amino acid and lipid metabolism detected early during SBRT are associated with subsequent clinical liver injury and tumour response in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia S W Ng
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gun Ho Jang
- Division of Bioinformatics, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Centre for Medical Counter-Measures Against Radiation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Centre for Medical Counter-Measures Against Radiation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Chandan Guha
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Centre for Medical Counter-Measures Against Radiation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Laura A Dawson
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Lee YC, Wang LJ, Huang CH, Chiou JT, Shi YJ, Chang LS. Inhibition of EGFR pathway promotes the cytotoxicity of ABT-263 in human leukemia K562 cells by blocking MCL1 upregulation. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114047. [PMID: 32446890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABT-263 induces MCL1 upregulation in cancer cells, which confers resistance to the drug. An increased understanding of the mechanism underlying ABT-263-induced MCL1 expression may provide a strategy to improve its tumor-suppression activity. The present study revealed that ABT-263 reduced the turnover of MCL1 mRNA, thereby upregulating MCL1 expression in human K562 leukemia cells. Furthermore, ABT-263-induced EGFR activation promoted AGO2 phosphorylation at Y393 and reduced miR-125b maturation. Treatment with EGFR inhibitors mitigated MCL1 upregulation induced by ABT-263. Additionally, lithium chloride (LiCl) alleviated ABT-263-induced MCL1 upregulation through EGFR-AGO2 axis-modulated miR-125b suppression. Ectopic expression of dominant negative AGO2(Y393F) or transfection with miR-125b abolished ABT-263-induced upregulation of MCL1 mRNA and protein levels. Co-treatment with either EGFR inhibitors or LiCl collaboratively enhanced ABT-263 cytotoxicity, while MCL1 overexpression eliminated this synergistic effect. Collectively, our data reveal that ABT-263 increases EGFR-mediated AGO2 phosphorylation, which in turn suppresses miR-125b-mediated MCL1 mRNA degradation in K562 cells. The suppression of this signaling pathway results in the synergistic cytotoxic effect of EGFR inhibitors or LiCl and ABT-263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chin Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jun Shi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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11
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DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:60. [PMID: 32355263 PMCID: PMC7192953 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most common countermeasures for treating a wide range of tumors. However, the radioresistance of cancer cells is still a major limitation for radiotherapy applications. Efforts are continuously ongoing to explore sensitizing targets and develop radiosensitizers for improving the outcomes of radiotherapy. DNA double-strand breaks are the most lethal lesions induced by ionizing radiation and can trigger a series of cellular DNA damage responses (DDRs), including those helping cells recover from radiation injuries, such as the activation of DNA damage sensing and early transduction pathways, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair. Obviously, these protective DDRs confer tumor radioresistance. Targeting DDR signaling pathways has become an attractive strategy for overcoming tumor radioresistance, and some important advances and breakthroughs have already been achieved in recent years. On the basis of comprehensively reviewing the DDR signal pathways, we provide an update on the novel and promising druggable targets emerging from DDR pathways that can be exploited for radiosensitization. We further discuss recent advances identified from preclinical studies, current clinical trials, and clinical application of chemical inhibitors targeting key DDR proteins, including DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit), ATM/ATR (ataxia–telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related), the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) complex, the PARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase) family, MDC1, Wee1, LIG4 (ligase IV), CDK1, BRCA1 (BRCA1 C terminal), CHK1, and HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1). Challenges for ionizing radiation-induced signal transduction and targeted therapy are also discussed based on recent achievements in the biological field of radiotherapy.
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12
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Profiling of subcellular EGFR interactome reveals hnRNP A3 modulates nuclear EGFR localization. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:40. [PMID: 32321917 PMCID: PMC7176650 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant subcellular translocation and distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represent a major yet currently underappreciated cancer development mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the subcellular interactome of EGFR by using a spectral counting-based approach combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to understand the associated protein networks involved in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC. A total of 54, 77, and 63 EGFR-interacting proteins were identified specifically in the cytosolic, mitochondrial, and nuclear fractions from a NSCLC cell line, respectively. Pathway analyses of these proteins using the KEGG database shown that the EGFR-interacting proteins of the cytosol and nucleus are involved in the ribosome and spliceosome pathways, respectively, while those of the mitochondria are involved in metabolizing propanoate, fatty acid, valine, leucine, and isoleucine. A selected nuclear EGFR-interacting protein, hnRNP A3, was found to modulate the accumulation of nuclear EGFR. Downregulation of hnRNP A3 reduced the nuclear accumulation of EGFR, and this was accompanied by reduced tumor growth ability in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that variations in the subcellular translocation and distribution of EGFR within NSCLC cells could affect tumor progression.
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14
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Hipólito A, Mendes C, Serpa J. The Metabolic Remodelling in Lung Cancer and Its Putative Consequence in Therapy Response. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:311-333. [PMID: 32130706 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in both men and women. Conventional chemotherapy has failed to provide long-term benefits for many patients and in the past decade, important advances were made to understand the underlying molecular/genetic mechanisms of lung cancer, allowing the unfolding of several other pathological entities. Considering these molecular subtypes, and the appearance of promising targeted therapies, an effective personalized control of the disease has emerged, nonetheless benefiting a small proportion of patients. Although immunotherapy has also appeared as a new hope, it is still not accessible to the majority of patients with lung cancer.The metabolism of energy and biomass is the basis of cellular survival. This is true for normal cells under physiological conditions and it is also true for pathophysiologically altered cells, such as cancer cells. Thus, knowledge of the metabolic remodelling that occurs in cancer cells in the sense of, on one hand, surviving in the microenvironment of the organ in which the tumour develops and, on the other hand, escaping from drugs conditioned microenvironment, is essential to understand the disease and to develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
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16
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Rong X, Liang Y, Han Q, Zhao Y, Jiang G, Zhang X, Lin X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Zhang M, Luo Y, Li P, Wei L, Yan T, Wang E. Molecular Mechanisms of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance Induced by Membranous/Cytoplasmic/Nuclear Translocation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1766-1783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Yan G, Saeed MEM, Foersch S, Schneider J, Roth W, Efferth T. Relationship between EGFR expression and subcellular localization with cancer development and clinical outcome. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1918-1931. [PMID: 30956774 PMCID: PMC6443015 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a prevalent oncogene regulates proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation and thereby contributes to carcinogenesis. Even though, the documentation on its clinical relevance is surprisingly heterogeneous in the scientific literature. Here, we systematically investigated the correlation of mRNA to survival time and pathological parameters by analyzing 30 datasets in silico. Furthermore, the prognostic value of membrane-bound, cytoplasmic (mcEGFR) and nuclear expression (nEGFR) of EGFR was experimentally analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of 502 biopsies from 27 tumor types. We found that protein expression of EGFR showed better prognostic efficiency compared to mRNA, and that mcEGFR expression was positively correlated with nEGFR expression (p < 0.001). Unexpectedly, both mcEGFR and nEGFR expression were associated with low T stage (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004; respectively). Moreover, positive mcEGFR was significantly related to high differentiation (p = 0.027). No significant correlation was found with any other pathological parameters. Collectively, our results imply that the oncogenic function of EGFR may be more related to nascent stages of carcinogenesis than to advanced and progressive tumors, which may as well explain at least partially the occurrence of secondary resistance against EGFR-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Jose Schneider
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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18
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Miao W, Fan M, Huang M, Li JJ, Wang Y. Targeted Profiling of Heat Shock Proteome in Radioresistant Breast Cancer Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:326-332. [PMID: 30596229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Radioresistance remains one of the most critical barriers in radiation therapy for breast cancer. In this study, we employed a parallel-reaction monitoring (PRM)-based targeted proteomic method to examine the reprogramming of the heat shock proteome during the development of radioresistance in breast cancer. In particular, we investigated the differential expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in two pairs of matched parental/radioresistant breast cancer cell lines. We were able to quantify 43 and 42 HSPs in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 pairs of cell lines, respectively. By analyzing the commonly altered proteins, we found that several members of the HSP70 and HSP40 subfamilies of HSPs exhibited substantially altered expression upon development of radioresistance. Moreover, the expression of HSPB8 is markedly elevated in the radioresistant lines relative to the parental MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Together, our PRM-based targeted proteomics method revealed the reprogramming of the heat shock proteome during the development of radioresistance in breast cancer cells and offered potential targets for sensitizing breast cancer cells toward radiation therapy.
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Wang YN, Lee HH, Hung MC. A novel ligand-receptor relationship between families of ribonucleases and receptor tyrosine kinases. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:83. [PMID: 30449278 PMCID: PMC6241042 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ribonuclease is known to participate in host defense system against pathogens, such as parasites, bacteria, and virus, which results in innate immune response. Nevertheless, its potential impact to host cells remains unclear. Of interest, several ribonucleases do not act as catalytically competent enzymes, suggesting that ribonucleases may be associated with certain intrinsic functions other than their ribonucleolytic activities. Most recently, human pancreatic ribonuclease 5 (hRNase5; also named angiogenin; hereinafter referred to as hRNase5/ANG), which belongs to the human ribonuclease A superfamily, has been demonstrated to function as a ligand of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. As a newly identified EGFR ligand, hRNase5/ANG associates with EGFR and stimulates EGFR and the downstream signaling in a catalytic-independent manner. Notably, hRNase5/ANG, whose level in sera of pancreatic cancer patients, serves as a non-invasive serum biomarker to stratify patients for predicting the sensitivity to EGFR-targeted therapy. Here, we describe the hRNase5/ANG-EGFR pair as an example to highlight a ligand-receptor relationship between families of ribonucleases and receptor tyrosine kinases, which are thought as two unrelated protein families associated with distinct biological functions. The notion of serum biomarker-guided EGFR-targeted therapies will also be discussed. Furthering our understanding of this novel ligand-receptor interaction will shed new light on the search of ligands for their cognate receptors, especially those orphan receptors without known ligands, and deepen our knowledge of the fundamental research in membrane receptor biology and the translational application toward the development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Nai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 108, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 108, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 108, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
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Bhattacharya P, Shetake NG, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in cancer radiotherapy and its targeting for tumor radiosensitization. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:628-644. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poushali Bhattacharya
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Neena G. Shetake
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri N. Pandey
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Klumpp L, Sezgin EC, Skardelly M, Eckert F, Huber SM. KCa3.1 Channels and Glioblastoma: In Vitro Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:627-635. [PMID: 28786347 PMCID: PMC5997865 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170808115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several tumor entities including brain tumors aberrantly overexpress intermediate conductance Ca2+ activated KCa3.1 K+ channels. These channels contribute significantly to the transformed phenotype of the tumor cells. METHOD PubMed was searched in order to summarize our current knowledge on the molecular signaling upstream and downstream and the effector functions of KCa3.1 channel activity in tumor cells in general and in glioblastoma cells in particular. In addition, KCa3.1 expression and function for repair of DNA double strand breaks was determined experimentally in primary glioblastoma cultures in dependence on the abundance of proneural and mesenchymal stem cell markers. RESULTS By modulating membrane potential, cell volume, Ca2+ signals and the respiratory chain, KCa3.1 channels in both, plasma and inner mitochondrial membrane, have been demonstrated to regulate many cellular processes such as migration and tissue invasion, metastasis, cell cycle progression, oxygen consumption and metabolism, DNA damage response and cell death of cancer cells. Moreover, KCa3.1 channels have been shown to crucially contribute to resistance against radiotherapy. Futhermore, the original in vitro data on KCa3.1 channel expression in subtypes of glioblastoma stem(-like) cells propose KCa3.1 as marker for the mesenchymal subgroup of cancer stem cells and suggest that KCa3.1 contributes to the therapy resistance of mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells. CONCLUSION The data suggest KCa3.1 channel targeting in combination with radiotherapy as promising new tool to eradicate therapy-resistant mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephan M. Huber
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Tel: +49-(0)7071-29-82183; E-mail:
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Dittmann K, Mayer C, Czemmel S, Huber SM, Rodemann HP. New roles for nuclear EGFR in regulating the stability and translation of mRNAs associated with VEGF signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189087. [PMID: 29253018 PMCID: PMC5734708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane-associated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) translocates into a perinuclear/nuclear location upon stimulation, where it complexes with mRNAs. Treatment with radiation and cisplatin decreases the amounts of mRNAs present within this complex. Gene array analyses of mRNAs in complex with immunoprecipitated nEGFR revealed significant enrichment of different mRNA species compared to the control immunoprecipitation. Functional annotation with help of DAVID Gene Ontology Analysis identified under other terms the HIF-1A/VEGF signaling pathway as one of the top scoring KEGG pathways. RT-PCR and western blots revealed the radiation-induced expression of mRNAs and proteins involved in HIF-1A/VEGF signaling. Simultaneously, the levels of the corresponding validated miRNAs within the complex containing nEGFR and mRNAs were decreased. This finding argues that an mRNA/miRNA/nEGFR complex regulates protein expression. Indeed, we detected the GW182, AGO2, PABPC1 and cNOT1 proteins, which belong to the deadenylase complex, in a complex with nuclear EGFR. Erlotinib-mediated inhibition of EGFR kinase reduced the radiation-induced increase in mRNA expression. In this context, erlotinib reduced AGO2 phosphorylation by the EGFR kinase at residue Y393, which was associated with increased cNOT1 deadenylase activity and reduced mRNA stability. To prove the roles of miRNAs in this context, we transfected cells with an inhibitor of Hsa-mir-1180p5, which targets the NFATC4 mRNA, an mRNA associated with VEGF signaling, or pretreated cells with erlotinib. Indeed, Hsa-mir-1180p5 knockdown increased and the erlotinib treatment decreased the expression of the NFATC4 protein. The expression of the NFATC4 protein controlled the cloning efficiency and radiosensitivity of A549 and FaDu tumor cells. Thus, this study is the first to show that a membrane-located tyrosine kinase receptor, such as EGFR, is internalized to a nuclear/perinuclear location upon exposure to stress and modulates the stability and translation of miRNA-selected mRNAs. This mechanism enables cells to directly express proteins in response to EGFR activation and may contribute to treatment resistance in EGFR-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dittmann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Claus Mayer
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Czemmel
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H. Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Ampferl R, Rodemann HP, Mayer C, Höfling TTA, Dittmann K. Glucose starvation impairs DNA repair in tumour cells selectively by blocking histone acetylation. Radiother Oncol 2017; 126:465-470. [PMID: 29100699 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tumour cells are characterized by aerobic glycolysis and thus have high glucose consumption. Because repairing radiation-induced DNA damage is an energy-demanding process, we hypothesized that glucose starvation combined with radiotherapy could be an effective strategy to selectively target tumour cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS We glucose-starved tumour cells (A549, FaDu) in vitro and analysed their radiation-induced cell responses compared to normal fibroblasts (HSF7). RESULTS Irradiation depleted intracellular ATP levels preferentially in cancer cells. Consequently, glucose starvation impaired DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and radiosensitized confluent tumour cells but not normal fibroblasts. In proliferating tumour cells glucose starvation resulted in a reduction of proliferation, but failed to radiosensitize cells. Glucose supply was indispensable during the late DSB repair in confluent tumour cells starting approximately 13 h after irradiation, and glucose starvation inhibited radiation-induced histone acetylation, which is essential for chromatin relaxation. Sirtinol - an inhibitor of histone deacetylases - reverted the effects of glucose depletion on histone acetylation and DNA DSB repair in tumour cells. Furthermore, a glucose concentration of 2.8 mmol/L was sufficient to impair DSB repair in tumour cells and reduced their clonogenic survival under a fractionated irradiation regimen. CONCLUSIONS In resting tumour cells, glucose starvation combined with irradiation resulted in the impairment of late DSB repair and the reduction of clonogenic survival, which was associated with disrupted radiation-induced histone acetylation. However, in normal cells, DNA repair and radiosensitivity were not affected by glucose depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena Ampferl
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Mayer
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Tim Alexander Höfling
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Biological Psychology and Psychotherapy, Dept. of Otto-Selz-Institute of Applied Psychology, University of Mannheim, Germany; Division of Media Management & Advertising Psychology, Dept. of Economics & Law, University of Pforzheim, Germany
| | - Klaus Dittmann
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tuebingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany.
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Rodemann HP, Datta NR, Bodis S. Molecular radiation biology/oncology and its impact on preclinical and clinical research in radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:339-343. [PMID: 28888706 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Niloy Ranjan Datta
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bodis
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Tschulakow AV, Dittmann K, Huber SM, Klumpp D, Stegen B, Schraermeyer U, Rodemann HP, Julien-Schraermeyer S. The radioprotector ortho-phospho-L-tyrosine (pTyr) attenuates the side effects of fractionated irradiation in retinoblastoma mouse models but also decreases the local tumour control. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:462-467. [PMID: 28711224 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) is used to treat retinoblastoma (Rb), the most frequent ocular tumour in children. Besides eradicating the tumour, RT can cause severe side effects including secondary malignancies. This study aimed to define whether the radioprotector ortho-phospho-L-tyrosine (pTyr) prevents RT-induced side effects and affects local tumour control in a xenograft and a genetic orthotopic Rb mouse model. METHODS B6;129-Rb1tm3Tyj/J (Rb+/-) and Y79-Rb cell-xenografted nude mice were fractionated external beam irradiated (15 fractions of 5Gy 6MV photons during 3weeks) with or without pTyr pre-treatment (100mg/kg BW, 16h prior to each irradiation). One, three, six and nine months after RT, tumour control and RT toxicity were evaluated using in vivo imaging and histology. We also analysed pTyr dependant post irradiation cell survival and p53 activity in vitro. RESULTS In vitro pTyr pre-treatment showed no radioprotection on Y79 cells, but led to p53 stabilisation in unirradiated Y79 cells and to a facilitation of radiation-induced p21 up-regulation, confirming a modulation of p53 activity by pTyr. In both mouse models, secondary tumours were undetectable. In Rb+/- mice, pTyr significantly lowered RT-induced greying of the fur, retinal thickness reduction and photoreceptor loss. However, in the xenografted Rb model, pTyr considerably decreased RT-mediated tumour control, which was observed in 16 out of 22 control eyes but in none of the 24 pTyr treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS In Rb+/- mice pTyr significantly prevents RT-induced greying of the fur as well as retinal degeneration. However, since non-irradiated control mice were not used in our study, a formal possibility exists that the effect shown in the retina of Rb+/- mice may be due to ageing of the animals and/or actions of pTyr alone. Unfortunately, as tested in a xenograft model, pTyr treatment reduced the control of Rb tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Tschulakow
- Division of Experimental Vitreoretinal Surgery, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Dittmann
- Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Klumpp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schraermeyer
- Division of Experimental Vitreoretinal Surgery, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sylvie Julien-Schraermeyer
- Division of Experimental Vitreoretinal Surgery, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.
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Li H, You L, Xie J, Pan H, Han W. The roles of subcellularly located EGFR in autophagy. Cell Signal 2017; 35:223-230. [PMID: 28428083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a well-studied receptor-tyrosine kinase that serves vital roles in regulation of organ development and cancer progression. EGFR not only exists on the plasma membrane, but also widely expressed in the nucleus, endosomes, and mitochondria. Most recently, several lines of evidences indicated that autophagy is regulated by EGFR in kinase-active and -independent manners. In this review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the functions of different subcellularly located EGFR on autophagy. Specifically, plasma membrane- and cytoplasm-located EGFR (pcEGFR) acts as a tyrosine kinase to regulate autophagy via the PI3K/AKT1/mTOR, RAS/MAPK1/3, and STAT3 signaling pathways. The kinase-independent function of pcEGFR inhibits autophagy by maintaining SLC5A1-regulated intracellular glucose level. Endosome-located EGFR phosphorylates and inhibits Beclin1 to suppress autophagy, while kinase-independent endosome-located EGFR releases Beclin1 from the Rubicon-Beclin1 complex to increase autophagy. Additionally, the nuclear EGFR activates PRKDC/PNPase/MYC signaling to inhibit autophagy. Although the role of mitochondria-located EGFR in autophagy is largely unexplored, the production of ATP and reactive oxygen species mediated by mitochondrial dynamics is most likely to influence autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangkun You
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Sharip A, Abdukhakimova D, Wang X, Kim A, Kim Y, Sharip A, Orakov A, Miao L, Sun Q, Chen Y, Chen Z, Xie Y. Analysis of origin and protein-protein interaction maps suggests distinct oncogenic role of nuclear EGFR during cancer evolution. J Cancer 2017; 8:903-912. [PMID: 28382154 PMCID: PMC5381180 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR usually is localized on plasma membrane to induce progression of many cancers including cancers in children (Bodey et al. In Vivo. 2005, 19:931-41), but it contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS) that mediates EGFR nuclear translocation (Lin et al. Nat Cell Biol. 2001, 3:802-8). Here we report that NLS of EGFR has its old evolutionary origin. Protein-protein interaction maps suggests that nEGFR pathways are different from membrane EGFR and EGF is not found in nEGFR network while androgen receptor (AR) is found, which suggests the evolution of prostate cancer, a well-known AR driven cancer, through changes in androgen- or EGF-dependence. Database analysis suggests that nEGFR correlates with the tumor grades especially in prostate cancer patients. Structural predication analysis suggests that NLS can compromise the differential protein binding to EGFR through stretch linkers with evolutionary mutation from N to V. In experiment, elevation of nEGFR but not membrane EGFR was found in castration resistant prostate cancer cells. Finally, systems analysis of NLS and transmembrane domain (TM) suggests that NLS has old origin while NLS neighboring domain of TM has been undergone accelerated evolution. Thus nEGFR has an old origin resembling the cancer evolution but TM may interfere with NLS driven signaling for natural selection of survival to evade NLS induced aggressive cancers. Our data suggest NLS is a dynamic inducer of EGFR oncogenesis during evolution for advanced cancers. Our model provides novel insights into the evolutionary role of NLS of oncogenic kinases in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Sharip
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Diyora Abdukhakimova
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan, 250014, P.R. China
| | - Alexey Kim
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yevgeniy Kim
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Sharip
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Askarbek Orakov
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Lixia Miao
- College of Basic Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qinglei Sun
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan, 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37201, USA
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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28
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Lee SY, Jeong EK, Ju MK, Jeon HM, Kim MY, Kim CH, Park HG, Han SI, Kang HS. Induction of metastasis, cancer stem cell phenotype, and oncogenic metabolism in cancer cells by ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:10. [PMID: 28137309 PMCID: PMC5282724 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the major tools of cancer treatment, and is widely used for a variety of malignant tumours. Radiotherapy causes DNA damage directly by ionization or indirectly via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby destroying cancer cells. However, ionizing radiation (IR) paradoxically promotes metastasis and invasion of cancer cells by inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Metastasis is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy, and is closely linked to the rates of morbidity and mortality of many cancers. ROS have been shown to play important roles in mediating the biological effects of IR. ROS have been implicated in IR-induced EMT, via activation of several EMT transcription factors—including Snail, HIF-1, ZEB1, and STAT3—that are activated by signalling pathways, including those of TGF-β, Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, G-CSF, EGFR/PI3K/Akt, and MAPK. Cancer cells that undergo EMT have been shown to acquire stemness and undergo metabolic changes, although these points are debated. IR is known to induce cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, including dedifferentiation and self-renewal, and to promote oncogenic metabolism by activating these EMT-inducing pathways. Much accumulated evidence has shown that metabolic alterations in cancer cells are closely associated with the EMT and CSC phenotypes; specifically, the IR-induced oncogenic metabolism seems to be required for acquisition of the EMT and CSC phenotypes. IR can also elicit various changes in the tumour microenvironment (TME) that may affect invasion and metastasis. EMT, CSC, and oncogenic metabolism are involved in radioresistance; targeting them may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy, preventing tumour recurrence and metastasis. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms of IR-induced EMT, CSCs, oncogenic metabolism, and alterations in the TME. We discuss how IR-induced EMT/CSC/oncogenic metabolism may promote resistance to radiotherapy; we also review efforts to develop therapeutic approaches to eliminate these IR-induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Eui Kyong Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Ju
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Jeon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Pusan, 619-953, Korea
| | - Cho Hee Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea.,DNA Identification Center, National Forensic Service, Seoul, 158-707, Korea
| | - Hye Gyeong Park
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Song Iy Han
- The Division of Natural Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea.
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29
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Stegen B, Klumpp L, Misovic M, Edalat L, Eckert M, Klumpp D, Ruth P, Huber SM. K + channel signaling in irradiated tumor cells. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 45:585-598. [PMID: 27165704 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
K+ channels crosstalk with biochemical signaling cascades and regulate virtually all cellular processes by adjusting the intracellular K+ concentration, generating the membrane potential, mediating cell volume changes, contributing to Ca2+ signaling, and directly interacting within molecular complexes with membrane receptors and downstream effectors. Tumor cells exhibit aberrant expression and activity patterns of K+ channels. The upregulation of highly "oncogenic" K+ channels such as the Ca2+-activated IK channel may drive the neoplastic transformation, malignant progression, metastasis, or therapy resistance of tumor cells. In particular, ionizing radiation in doses used for fractionated radiotherapy in the clinic has been shown to activate K+ channels. Radiogenic K+ channel activity, in turn, contributes to the DNA damage response and promotes survival of the irradiated tumor cells. Tumor-specific overexpression of certain K+ channel types together with the fact that pharmacological K+ channel modulators are already in clinical use or well tolerated in clinical trials suggests that K+ channel targeting alone or in combination with radiotherapy might become a promising new strategy of anti-cancer therapy. The present article aims to review our current knowledge on K+ channel signaling in irradiated tumor cells. Moreover, it provides new data on molecular mechanisms of radiogenic K+ channel activation and downstream signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Stegen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Klumpp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Milan Misovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lena Edalat
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marita Eckert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Klumpp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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30
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Rodemann HP, Bodis S. Cutting-edge research in basic and translational radiation biology/oncology reflections from the 14th International Wolfsberg Meeting on Molecular Radiation Biology/Oncology 2015. Radiother Oncol 2015; 116:335-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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