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Yu YF, Zhou P, Zhou R, Lin Q, Wu SG. Lobaplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy in elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Ann Med 2024; 56:2383959. [PMID: 39086168 PMCID: PMC11295678 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2383959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of lobaplatin-based CCRT in elderly patients with NPC. METHODS We included stage II-IVA NPC patients aged ≥65 years who received lobaplatin concomitant with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) between March 2019 and January 2023. Objective response rates and treatment-related toxicity were assessed. Kaplan-Meier's analysis was performed to calculate survival rates. RESULTS A total of 29 patients were included with a median age of 67 years. There were 19 patients (65.5%) who had comorbidities. All patients had serum EBV-DNA detective before treatment; the median EBV-DNA load was 236 IU/mL. There were 25 (86.2%) patients treated with induction chemotherapy, and the overall response rate was 92.0%. All patients received IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy with lobaplatin. During the CCRT, the most common adverse effect was haematological toxicity. Three patients (10.3%) had grade 3 leucopenia, three patients (10.3%) had grade 3 neutropenia, and eight patients (27.6%) had grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia. The rate of grade 3 mucositis was 34.5%. No patients had liver and kidney dysfunction. The median weight loss was 4 kg during CCRT. After three months of CCRT, the total response rate was 100%. EBV-DNA was not detected in any patients. The median follow-up was 32.1 months. The 3-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, progression-free survival and overall survival were 95.8%, 85.7%, 82.5% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lobaplatin-based CCRT is safe and feasible for elderly NPC patients, with satisfactory short-term survival outcomes and acceptable toxicities. A phase 2 trial is ongoing to investigate the role of lobaplatin-based CCRT on long-term survival and treatment toxicities for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Quality Control Center, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Quality Control Center, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Quality Control Center, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Quality Control Center, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - San-Gang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Quality Control Center, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Ma L, Lan F, Chen P, Lei L, Zou T, Fu F, Wu R, Jin J, Zhang J. Loco-regional radiotherapy in de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma with chemotherapy and immunotherapy: A real-world retrospective study from two cancer centers. Head Neck 2024; 46:1932-1937. [PMID: 38317293 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunochemotherapy has become the first-line treatment for initial diagnosed metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (mNPC). Loco-regional radiotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy significantly improves the survival. However, the safety and efficacy of loco-regional radiotherapy combined with immunochemotherapy remained unknown. METHODS Patients with de novo mNPC who received immunochemotherapy followed by loco-regional radiotherapy were included from two cancer centers. Toxicity and treatment response were assessed using CTCAE 5.0 and RECIST 1.1, respectively. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS From 2019 to 2021, a total of 16 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The median follow-up was 28 months (range 14-47 months). No one died. One-year, 2-year, and 3-year PFS rate was 93.8%, 58.4% and 50.1%, respectively. Radiotherapy-related acute severe (grade 3 or higher) toxicity was dermatitis (1/16, 6.3%) and mucositis (2/16, 12.5%). CONCLUSIONS Loco-regional radiotherapy provided a promising efficacy with modest toxicity for patients with mNPC who received immunochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengming Lan
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Lei
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Teng Zou
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Runye Wu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghu Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Shen M, Lin X, Yang C, Zhou Z, Chen S, Yin Y, Long L, Huang L, Yang Z, Wang R, Kang M. Potential predictive value of IVIM MR for xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiother Oncol 2024; 197:110323. [PMID: 38734144 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Xerostomia, caused by radiation-induced parotid damage, is the most commonly reported radiotherapy (RT) complication for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MR in monitoring radiation-induced parotid gland damage and predicting the risk of xerostomia. METHODS Fifty-four NPC patients were enrolled and underwent at least three IVIM MR scans: before (pre-RT), after 5 fractions of (5th-RT), halfway through (mid-RT), and after RT (post-RT). The degree of xerostomia patients was assessed before each MR examination. Furthermore, the time when patients first reported xerostomia symptoms was recorded. The changes in IVIM parameters throughout RT, as well as the relationships between IVIM parameters and xerostomia, were analysed. RESULT All IVIM parameters increased significantly from pre-RT to post-RT (p < 0.001). The rates of D, D* and f increase increased significantly from pre-RT to mid-RT (p < 0.001), indicating that cell necrosis mainly occurs in the first half of RT. In multivariate analysis, N3 (p = 0.014), pre-D (p = 0.007) and pre-D* (p = 0.003) were independent factors influencing xerostomia. D and f were significantly higher at 5th-RT than at pre-RT (both p < 0.05). IVIM detected parotid gland injury at 5th-RT at an average scanning time of 6.18 ± 1.07 days, earlier than the 11.94 ± 2.61 days when the patient first complained of xerostomia according to the RTOG scale (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IVIM MR can dynamically monitor radiation-induced parotid gland damage and assess it earlier and more objectively than RTOG toxicity. Moreover, IVIM can screen people at risk of more severe xerostomia early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangying Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311,Hainan, China
| | - Chaolin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ziyan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Sixia Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanxiu Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Liling Long
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lixuan Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zongxiang Yang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Sjogreen C, Netherton TJ, Lee A, Soliman M, Gay SS, Nguyen C, Mumme R, Vazquez I, Rhee DJ, Cardenas CE, Martel MK, Beadle BM, Court LE. Landmark-based auto-contouring of clinical target volumes for radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal cancer. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2024:e14474. [PMID: 39074490 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delineation of clinical target volumes (CTVs) for radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer is complex and varies based on the location and extent of disease. PURPOSE The current study aimed to develop an auto-contouring solution following one protocol guidelines (NRG-HN001) that can be adjusted to meet other guidelines, such as RTOG-0225 and the 2018 International guidelines. METHODS The study used 2-channel 3-dimensional U-Net and nnU-Net framework to auto-contour 27 normal structures in the head and neck (H&N) region that are used to define CTVs in the protocol. To define the CTV-Expansion (CTV1 and CTV2) and CTV-Overall (the outer envelope of all the CTV contours), we used adjustable morphological geometric landmarks and mimicked physician interpretation of the protocol rules by partially or fully including select anatomic structures. The results were evaluated quantitatively using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean surface distance (MSD) and qualitatively by independent reviews by two H&N radiation oncologists. RESULTS The auto-contouring tool showed high accuracy for nasopharyngeal CTVs. Comparison between auto-contours and clinical contours for 19 patients with cancers of various stages showed a DSC of 0.94 ± 0.02 and MSD of 0.4 ± 0.4 mm for CTV-Expansion and a DSC of 0.83 ± 0.02 and MSD of 2.4 ± 0.5 mm for CTV-Overall. Upon independent review, two H&N physicians found the auto-contours to be usable without edits in 85% and 75% of cases. In 15% of cases, minor edits were required by both physicians. Thus, one physician rated 100% of the auto-contours as usable (use as is, or after minor edits), while the other physician rated 90% as usable. The second physician required major edits in 10% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates the ability of an auto-contouring tool to reliably delineate nasopharyngeal CTVs based on protocol guidelines. The tool was found to be clinically acceptable by two H&N radiation oncology physicians in at least 90% of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sjogreen
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tucker J Netherton
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Moaaz Soliman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Skylar S Gay
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Callistus Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond Mumme
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ivan Vazquez
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dong Joo Rhee
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos E Cardenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mary K Martel
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Beth M Beadle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Laurence Edward Court
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Bhattacharyya M, Medhi PP, Sharma P, Nath J, Kalita AK, Roy PS, Rahman T, Yanthan Y. Patterns of failure in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer of Northeastern region of India: a retrospective observational study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:3743-3753. [PMID: 38578506 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to analyze patterns of failure and disease volume-treatment outcomes in patients with Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with definitive radiation with or without concurrent chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer centre in northeast India. METHODS From February 2018 to February 2022, 99 histopathologically proved non-metastatic NPC patients treated with curative-intent RT with or without chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Locally advanced patients received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the impact of various prognostic factors on locoregional free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The log-rank test and Kaplan-Meir curves compared outcome variables based on ROC analysis-classified tumor volume. RESULTS During a median follow up of 25.4 months (17.3-39.2), 35(35.4%) patients developed recurrence. Twenty-three patients developed locoregional failures, of which 11 were in-field; 12 patient showed an out-field failure. The 3-year LRFS, DMFS, PFS and OS was 71.10%, 70.90%, 64.10% and 74.10% respectively. There was statistically significant difference in LRFS according to T staging (p < 0.0001). Gross tumor volume (GTVp) and gross nodal volume (GTVn) were an independent prognostic factor for OS, PFS, LRFS and DMFS. The cut-off volumes for GTVp and GTVn for distant metastases and locoregional failure, respectively, were found to be 13 and 22.7 mL and 3.7 and 39.2 mL, respectively, by ROC curve analysis. Based on this, 99 patients were divided into three subgroups. OS demonstrated significant differences among patients in different volume subgroups for GTVp (p = 0.03) and GTVn (p = 0.00024). CONCLUSIONS For NPC patients who undergo curative IMRT, primary tumour and nodal volumes are independent prognostic indicators. GTVp and GTVn are highly predictive of local control, distant metastases, disease-free survival, and overall survival. This justifies their use as quantitative prognostic indicator for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Partha Pratim Medhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Prashasti Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr. E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
| | - Jyotiman Nath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Apurba Kumar Kalita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Roy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Tashnin Rahman
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Yanpothung Yanthan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Zhao Y, Wang X, Phan J, Chen X, Lee A, Yu C, Huang K, Court LE, Pan T, Wang H, Wahid KA, Mohamed ASR, Naser M, Fuller CD, Yang J. Multi-modal segmentation with missing image data for automatic delineation of gross tumor volumes in head and neck cancers. Med Phys 2024. [PMID: 38896829 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck (HN) gross tumor volume (GTV) auto-segmentation is challenging due to the morphological complexity and low image contrast of targets. Multi-modality images, including computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET), are used in the routine clinic to assist radiation oncologists for accurate GTV delineation. However, the availability of PET imaging may not always be guaranteed. PURPOSE To develop a deep learning segmentation framework for automated GTV delineation of HN cancers using a combination of PET/CT images, while addressing the challenge of missing PET data. METHODS Two datasets were included for this study: Dataset I: 524 (training) and 359 (testing) oropharyngeal cancer patients from different institutions with their PET/CT pairs provided by the HECKTOR Challenge; Dataset II: 90 HN patients(testing) from a local institution with their planning CT, PET/CT pairs. To handle potentially missing PET images, a model training strategy named the "Blank Channel" method was implemented. To simulate the absence of a PET image, a blank array with the same dimensions as the CT image was generated to meet the dual-channel input requirement of the deep learning model. During the model training process, the model was randomly presented with either a real PET/CT pair or a blank/CT pair. This allowed the model to learn the relationship between the CT image and the corresponding GTV delineation based on available modalities. As a result, our model had the ability to handle flexible inputs during prediction, making it suitable for cases where PET images are missing. To evaluate the performance of our proposed model, we trained it using training patients from Dataset I and tested it with Dataset II. We compared our model (Model 1) with two other models which were trained for specific modality segmentations: Model 2 trained with only CT images, and Model 3 trained with real PET/CT pairs. The performance of the models was evaluated using quantitative metrics, including Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean surface distance (MSD), and 95% Hausdorff Distance (HD95). In addition, we evaluated our Model 1 and Model 3 using the 359 test cases in Dataset I. RESULTS Our proposed model(Model 1) achieved promising results for GTV auto-segmentation using PET/CT images, with the flexibility of missing PET images. Specifically, when assessed with only CT images in Dataset II, Model 1 achieved DSC of 0.56 ± 0.16, MSD of 3.4 ± 2.1 mm, and HD95 of 13.9 ± 7.6 mm. When the PET images were included, the performance of our model was improved to DSC of 0.62 ± 0.14, MSD of 2.8 ± 1.7 mm, and HD95 of 10.5 ± 6.5 mm. These results are comparable to those achieved by Model 2 and Model 3, illustrating Model 1's effectiveness in utilizing flexible input modalities. Further analysis using the test dataset from Dataset I showed that Model 1 achieved an average DSC of 0.77, surpassing the overall average DSC of 0.72 among all participants in the HECKTOR Challenge. CONCLUSIONS We successfully refined a multi-modal segmentation tool for accurate GTV delineation for HN cancer. Our method addressed the issue of missing PET images by allowing flexible data input, thereby providing a practical solution for clinical settings where access to PET imaging may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jack Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinru Chen
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cenji Yu
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laurence E Court
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tinsu Pan
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - He Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kareem Abdul Wahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Abdalah S R Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamed Naser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Clifton D Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jinzhong Yang
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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7
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Jiang W, Lv JW, Tang LL, Sun Y, Chen YP, Ma J. Enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity: Therapeutic optimization in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101594. [PMID: 38843843 PMCID: PMC11228659 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
When applied as the standard therapeutic modality, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) improves local control and survival rates in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, distant metastasis continues to be the leading cause of treatment failure. Here, we review the most recent optimization strategies for combining chemotherapy with IMRT in high-risk patients with locoregionally advanced NPC. We focus on major clinical trials on induction chemotherapy and metronomic adjuvant chemotherapy, emphasizing their efficacy in mitigating distant metastasis and prognosis. We also highlight innovations in reducing toxicity in low-risk patients, particularly through approaches of excluding chemotherapy, adopting equivalent low-toxicity drugs, or selectively exempting lymph nodes with low metastatic risk from irradiation. These approaches have provided positive treatment outcomes and significantly enhanced patients' quality of life. Finally, we provide an overview of the evolving immunotherapy landscape, with a focus on the ongoing trials and future potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jia Wei Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ling Long Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yu Pei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China.
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8
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Kang Z. Using dose volume histogram (DVH) predictions to improve the plan quality of helical tomotherapy (HT). Med Dosim 2024:S0958-3947(24)00026-8. [PMID: 38890058 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddos.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether the RapidPlan (RP) model configured by volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) could be used to assist in the optimization of HT plans and improve their quality. An RP model was trained using 100 clinically accepted VMAT plans of NPC patients. The predicted dose constraints of the VMAT trained RP model were used to reoptimize 25 consecutive clinically accepted HT plans (HT_clinical) and perform new VMAT plans based on the same computed topography (CT). The dosimetric quality of the reoptimized HT plans (HT_reoptimized), HT_clinical, and VMAT group were compared. The minimum dose encompassing 2% target (D2%), the minimum dose encompassing 98% target (D98%), homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI) were similar for most targets between the HT_clinical and HT_reoptimized plans, although certain targets in the HT_reoptimized plans had higher D2% and HI and lower D98%. The HT_reoptimized plans outperformed the HT_clinical plans in the Dmax and D1cc of the spinal cord, V40Gy of the left temporal lobe, Dmean and V30Gy of the oral cavity, Dmean of the larynx and thyroid, and the differences were statistically significant. HT plans had higher CI and HI than VMAT plans. HT plans outperformed VMAT plans in the Dmax of the spinal cord and lenses, V30Gy of the oral cavity and parotids, and V40Gy of the temporal lobes, but underperformed in the Dmax and D1cc of the brainstem, D1cc of the spinal cord and Dmean of the oral cavity. The VMAT-based RP model can be used to assist in the planning of HT plans and improve the dosimetry quality of HT plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No.55, Zhen Hai Road, Siming District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, No.55, Zhen Hai Road, Siming District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China; Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China.
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9
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Dong J, Ng WT, Wong CHL, Li JS, Bollen H, Chow JCH, Eisbruch A, Lee AWM, Lee VHF, Ng SP, Nuyts S, Smee R, Ferlito A. Dosimetric parameters predict radiation-induced temporal lobe necrosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiother Oncol 2024; 195:110258. [PMID: 38537680 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review examines the role of dosimetric parameters in predicting temporal lobe necrosis (TLN) risk in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with three-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). TLN is a serious late complication that can adversely affect the quality of life of NPC patients. Understanding the relationship between dosimetric parameters and TLN can guide treatment planning and minimize radiation-related complications. A comprehensive search identified relevant studies published up to July 2023. Studies reporting on dosimetric parameters and TLN in NPC patients undergoing 3D-CRT, IMRT, and VMAT were included. TLN incidence, follow-up duration, and correlation with dosimetric parameters of the temporal lobe were analyzed. The review included 30 studies with median follow-up durations ranging from 28 to 110 months. The crude incidence of TLN varied from 2.3 % to 47.3 % and the average crude incidence of TLN is approximately 14 %. Dmax and D1cc emerged as potential predictors of TLN in 3D-CRT and IMRT-treated NPC patients. Threshold values of >72 Gy for Dmax and >62 Gy for D1cc were associated with increased TLN risk. However, other factors should also be considered, including host characteristics, tumor-specific features and therapeutic factors. In conclusion, this systematic review highlights the significance of dosimetric parameters, particularly Dmax and D1cc, in predicting TLN risk in NPC patients undergoing 3D-CRT, IMRT, and VMAT. The findings provide valuable insights that can help in developing optimal treatment planning strategies and contribute to the development of clinical guidelines in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wai Tong Ng
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Charlene H L Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ji-Shi Li
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Heleen Bollen
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - James C H Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Avraham Eisbruch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anne W M Lee
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victor H F Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sweet Ping Ng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Smee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Prince of Wales Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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10
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Zhou J, Wang L, Qiu T, Gao H, Wang L, Huang S, He X, Wu L. Long-term follow-up of protective effects on salivary and swallowing structures and improvement of late xerostomia and dysphagia by level IIb optimisation in clinical target volume of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:648. [PMID: 38802747 PMCID: PMC11129453 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the long-term effect of level IIb clinical target volume (CTV) optimisation on survival, xerostomia, and dysphagia in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Clinical data of 415 patients with NPC treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy between December 2014 and October 2018 were retrospectively analysed. The patients were categorised into modified and comparison groups. Late xerostomia and dysphagia were evaluated using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer scoring. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Differences in late toxicity and dose parameters between both groups were compared. Prognostic factors for survival and late toxicity were assessed using regression analyses. RESULTS Patients in the modified group developed late xerostomia and dysphagia less frequently than those in the comparison group did (P < 0.001). The mean dose (Dmean) and V26 of parotid glands; Dmean and V39 of submandibular glands; and Dmean of sublingual glands, oral cavity, larynx, and superior, middle, and lower pharyngeal constrictor muscles were lower in the modified group than those in the comparison group (all P < 0.001). Both groups had no significant differences in overall, local recurrence-free, distant metastasis-free, or progression-free survival. The Dmean of the parotid and sublingual glands was a risk factor for xerostomia. The Dmean of the parotid and sublingual glands and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle was a risk factor for dysphagia. CONCLUSIONS Level IIb optimisation in NPC patients who meet certain criteria specially the exclusion of positive retropharyngeal nodes treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy has the potential to better protect the salivary and swallowing structures, decreasing the development of late radiation-induced xerostomia and dysphagia while maintaining long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shengfu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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11
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Piao Y, Yang Y, Wu S, Han L. Toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy in a locally advanced platinum-based chemotherapy-insensitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1383250. [PMID: 38800412 PMCID: PMC11127563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1383250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that primarily occurs in East and Southeast Asia, and it is associated with relatively poor overall survival (OS). Currently, there is no reliably effective standard treatment for NPC that progresses after first-line therapy with platinum-based chemotherapy. Case report A 55-year-old woman diagnosed with stage IVa NPC received two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy but encountered an increase in the size of cervical lymph nodes and suffered from adverse events. The patient was then switched to toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radical radiotherapy and had a complete clinical response within 2 months following the completion of radiotherapy without severe treatment-related adverse events. Conclusion This case report showed that toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma may result in a fast and durable response with a manageable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Piao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shihai Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
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12
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Zheng J, Wang G, Ru Q, Yang Y, Su L, Lv W, Ke C, Wang P, Liu X, Zhang L, Liu F, Miao W. A head-to-head comparison of [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [ 68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-center, prospective study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06744-4. [PMID: 38724654 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare the staging efficiency of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with pathologically confirmed NPC were enrolled in this prospective study. Each patient underwent paired [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT on 2 successive days. The accuracy of two PET/CT for assessing T, N, and M stages was compared by using head-and-neck MRI, histopathologic diagnosis and follow-up results as reference standards. The radiotracer uptake derived from two PETs was also compared. RESULTS For treatment-naïve patients, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT showed identical sensitivity for the primary tumours but clearer tumor delineation induced by higher tumour-to-background (TBR) ratio (19.1 ± 8.7 vs. 12.4 ± 7.7, P = 0.003), compared with [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Regarding cervical lymph node (CLN) metastases, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET had significantly better sensitivity and accuracy based on neck sides (98% vs. 82%, P < 0.001; 99% vs. 88% P = 0.008), neck levels (98% vs. 78%, 99% vs. 97%; both P < 0.001) and individual nodes (89% vs. 56%, 91% vs. 76%; both P < 0.001), and higher TBR (8.1 ± 4.1 vs. 6.3 ± 3.7, P < 0.001). Additionally, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT revealed higher sensitivity and accuracy for distant metastases (96% vs. 53%, 95% vs. 52%; both P < 0.001), particularly in bone metastases (99% vs. 49%, 97% vs. 49%; both P < 0.001). For post-treatment patients, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identified one more true-negative case than [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT. CONCLUSION [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT performed better than [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in visualizing the primary tumours, detecting the metastatic lesions and identifying the local recurrence, suggesting [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT may be superior to [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT for NPC staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieling Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, National Regional Medical Center, Fujian Medical University, Changle District, No. 999 Huashan Road, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Guochang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, National Regional Medical Center, Fujian Medical University, Changle District, No. 999 Huashan Road, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Qian Ru
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, National Regional Medical Center, Fujian Medical University, Changle District, No. 999 Huashan Road, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wenlong Lv
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunlin Ke
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Peirong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Weibing Miao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, National Regional Medical Center, Fujian Medical University, Changle District, No. 999 Huashan Road, Fuzhou, 350212, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Provincial Clinical Key Specialty of Fujian, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China.
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13
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Song JM, Mo N, Lv YQ, Huang LL, Wen YJ, Liu T, Li ZR, Wang RS, Zhang TT. Effects of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without Endostar on the regression of retropharyngeal lymph node and prognosis of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:232. [PMID: 38703186 PMCID: PMC11069474 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To investigate the effect of combining Endostar with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (ECCRT) compared to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) on the regression rate of retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) and the relationship between regression rate of RLNs and prognosis of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC). METHODS A total of 122 LANPC patients with RLNs metastasis were included. Metastatic RLNs were delineated both before and after treatment slice by slice on the magnetic resonance images cross-section. The regression rate of RLNs, adverse effects (AE) were evaluated. The median regression rate of RLNs was taken as the cut-off value, and the patients were furtherly divided into high regression rate (HRR) group and low regression rate (LRR) group, then survival times were evaluated. RESULTS The median regression rates of RLNs in the ECCRT and CCRT groups were 81% and 50%, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of grade 3/4 AEs between the two groups, except for oral mucositis (ECCRT 26.23% vs. CCRT 44.26%, P = 0.037). The 3-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS) rates in the HRR and LRR groups were 85.48% and 86.67% (P = 0.983), 80.65% and 68.33% (P = 0.037), 83.87% and 85% (P = 0.704), 93.55% and 81.67% (P = 0.033), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients in the ECCRT group had higher regression rates of RLNs and lower incidence of severe oral mucositis. Furthermore, patients in the HRR group had a better 3-year PFS and LRFFS rate than those in the LRR group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Mei Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Oncology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ning Mo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu-Qing Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lu-Lu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ya-Jing Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ren-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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14
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Chow JCH, Ho JCS, Cheung KM, Johnson D, Ip BYM, Beitler JJ, Strojan P, Mäkitie AA, Eisbruch A, Ng SP, Nuyts S, Mendenhall WM, Babighian S, Ferlito A. Neurological complications of modern radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2024; 194:110200. [PMID: 38438018 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the mainstay treatment modalities for the management of non-metastatic head and neck cancer (HNC). Notable improvements in treatment outcomes have been observed in the recent decades. Modern radiotherapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy and charged particle therapy, have significantly improved tumor target conformity and enabled better preservation of normal structures. However, because of the intricate anatomy of the head and neck region, multiple critical neurological structures such as the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, cranial nerves, nerve plexuses, autonomic pathways, brain vasculature, and neurosensory organs, are variably irradiated during treatment, particularly when tumor targets are in close proximity. Consequently, a diverse spectrum of late neurological sequelae may manifest in HNC survivors. These neurological complications commonly result in irreversible symptoms, impair patients' quality of life, and contribute to a substantial proportion of non-cancer deaths. Although the relationship between radiation dose and toxicity has not been fully elucidated for all complications, appropriate application of dosimetric constraints during radiotherapy planning may reduce their incidence. Vigilant surveillance during the course of survivorship also enables early detection and intervention. This article endeavors to provide a comprehensive review of the various neurological complications of modern radiotherapy for HNC, summarize the current incidence data, discuss methods to minimize their risks during radiotherapy planning, and highlight potential strategies for managing these debilitating toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C H Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Jason C S Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ka Man Cheung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Bonaventure Y M Ip
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jonathan J Beitler
- Harold Alfond Center for Cancer Care, Maine General Hospital, Augusta, ME, USA
| | - Primož Strojan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Avraham Eisbruch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sweet Ping Ng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - William M Mendenhall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Silvia Babighian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Sant'Antonio, Azienda Ospedaliera, Padova, Italy
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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15
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Gogineni E, Schaefer D, Ewing A, Andraos T, DiCostanzo D, Weldon M, Christ D, Baliga S, Jhawar S, Mitchell D, Grecula J, Konieczkowski DJ, Palmer J, Jahraus T, Dibs K, Chakravarti A, Martin D, Gamez ME, Blakaj D. Systematic Implementation of Effective Quality Assurance Processes for the Assessment of Radiation Target Volumes in Head and Neck Cancer. Pract Radiat Oncol 2024; 14:e205-e213. [PMID: 38237893 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Significant heterogeneity exists in clinical quality assurance (QA) practices within radiation oncology departments, with most chart rounds lacking prospective peer-reviewed contour evaluation. This has the potential to significantly affect patient outcomes, particularly for head and neck cancers (HNC) given the large variance in target volume delineation. With this understanding, we incorporated a prospective systematic peer contour-review process into our workflow for all patients with HNC. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of implementing prospective peer review into practice for our National Cancer Institute Designated Cancer Center and to report factors associated with contour modifications. METHODS AND MATERIALS Starting in November 2020, our department adopted a systematic QA process with real-time metrics, in which contours for all patients with HNC treated with radiation therapy were prospectively peer reviewed and graded. Contours were graded with green (unnecessary), yellow (minor), or red (major) colors based on the degree of peer-recommended modifications. Contours from November 2020 through September 2021 were included for analysis. RESULTS Three hundred sixty contours were included. Contour grades were made up of 89.7% green, 8.9% yellow, and 1.4% red grades. Physicians with >12 months of clinical experience were less likely to have contour changes requested than those with <12 months (8.3% vs 40.9%; P < .001). Contour grades were significantly associated with physician case load, with physicians presenting more than the median number of 50 cases having significantly less modifications requested than those presenting <50 (6.7% vs 13.3%; P = .013). Physicians working with a resident or fellow were less likely to have contour changes requested than those without a trainee (5.2% vs 12.6%; P = .039). Frequency of major modification requests significantly decreased over time after adoption of prospective peer contour review, with no red grades occurring >6 months after adoption. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of prospective peer contour-review implementation into systematic clinical QA processes for HNC. Physician experience proved to be the highest predictor of approved contours. A growth curve was demonstrated, with major modifications declining after prospective contour review implementation. Even within a high-volume academic practice with subspecialist attendings, >10% of patients had contour changes made as a direct result of prospective peer review.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gogineni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D Schaefer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - A Ewing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - T Andraos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D DiCostanzo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - M Weldon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D Christ
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - S Baliga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - S Jhawar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D Mitchell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - J Grecula
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D J Konieczkowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - J Palmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - T Jahraus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - K Dibs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - A Chakravarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - D Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - M E Gamez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - D Blakaj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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Wang X, Huang N, Yip PL, Wang J, Huang R, Sun Z, Kang D, He Q, Deng X, Zhao C, Chua MLK, Han F. The individualized delineation of clinical target volume for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on invasion risk of substructures: A prospective, real-world study with a large population. Radiother Oncol 2024; 194:110154. [PMID: 38367938 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The delineation of clinical target volume (CTV) for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is currently controversial and the international guideline still recommend a uniform border for CTV regardless of the tumor extent. We conducted this prospective, real-world study to evaluate the clinical outcomes of our individualized CTV delineation method based on distance plus substructures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We preliminarily investigated the local extension patterns of NPC on 354 newly diagnosed patients and defined the structures surrounding the nasopharynx as Level-1 to Level-4 substructures stratified by the risk of invasion. We then enrolled patients with newly diagnosed NPC without distant metastasis to investigate our individualized CTV delineation protocol. All patients received intensity modulated radiotherapy. CTV1 and CTV2 were prescribed doses of 60 Gy and 54 Gy in 30 ∼ 33 fractions. The primary endpoint was local recurrence-free survival (LRFS); secondary endpoints included regional control and survival, estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The local failure patterns were also analyzed. RESULTS From January 2008 to December 2012 and from January 2013 to September 2019, 356 and 648 patients were enrolled, named as training set and validation set, respectively. With a median follow-up of 104.6 (interquartile, 73.1-126.9) and 51.4 (39.5-78.5) months, 31 (8.7 %) and 38 (5.9 %) patients in training and validation sets experienced local recurrence, and the 5-year LRFS was 93.0 % and 93.2 %, respectively; 63 (17.7 %) and 39 (6 %) patients died in training and validation sets, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 88.5 % and 93.4 %, respectively. For the whole study cohort (N = 1004) with a median follow-up of 66.6 (41.5-98.0) months, the 5-year LRFS and OS was 93.2 % and 91.5 %. The grade 3 late toxicities included xerostomia, subcutaneous fibrosis, hearing impairment, trismus, visuality impairment and skin atrophy, with a total incidence of 1.5 %. Sixty-seven of 69 (97.1 %) local recurrence was in high-dose area. CONCLUSION Our individualized CTV delineation method can achieve favorable local tumor control and long-term survival outcomes with acceptable late toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pui Lam Yip
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runda Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehua Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowu Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Melvin L K Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu Y, Yan W, Hu C, Huang X, Wang K, Qu Y, Chen X, Wu R, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Luo J, Li Y, Wang J, Yi J. Optimizing Cervical Target Volume in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Cancer Based On Nodal Drainage Distance. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1801-1810. [PMID: 38349999 PMCID: PMC11061600 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the potential nodal drainage distances of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by investigating spatial distribution of metastatic lymph nodes (LN). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with NPC harboring at least two ipsilateral metastatic LNs were enrolled. LN spreading distances were analyzed in nonrestricted direction, cranial-to-caudal direction, and between the two most caudal LNs. Euclidean distance (ED) and vertical distance (VD) between any two LNs were computed. The nearest-neighbor ED and VD covering 95% of LNs or patients (p95-ED and p95-VD) were considered drainage distances, and were further validated by independent internal and external cohorts with recurrent LNs. RESULTS In all, 5,836 metastatic LNs in 948 patients were contoured. Corresponding to the three scenarios, per-LN level, the p95-EDs were 2.83, 3.28, and 3.55 cm, and p95-VDs were 2.17, 2.32, and 2.63 cm, respectively. Per-patient level, the p95-EDs were 3.25, 3.95, and 3.81 cm, and p95-VDs were 2.67, 2.81, and 2.73 cm, respectively. In internal validation, over 95% of recurred LNs occurred within ED of 2.91 cm and VD of 0.82 cm to the neighbor LN, and the corresponding distances in external validation were 2.77 and 0.67 cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In NPC, the maximum LN drainage distance was 3.95 cm without considering the direction. Specifically, in cranial-to-caudal direction, the sufficient vertical drainage distance was 2.81 cm, indicating that a 3-cm extension from the most inferior node may be rational as caudal border of the prophylactic clinical target volume (CTV). These findings promote in-depth understanding of nodal spreading patterns, uncovering paramount evidence for individualized CTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runye Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yexiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junlin Yi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Langfang, Hebei Province, China
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18
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Chen HMN, Anzela A, Hetherington E, Buddle N, Vignarajah D, Hogan D, Fowler A, Forstner D, Chua B, Gowda R, Min M. A proposed framework for the implementation of head and neck cancer treatment at a new cancer center from a radiation oncology perspective. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:168-179. [PMID: 37186498 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing a new head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment center requires multidisciplinary team management and expertise. To our knowledge, there are no clear recommendations or guidelines in the literature for the commencement of HNC radiation therapy (RT) at a new cancer center. We propose a novel framework outlining the necessary components required to set-up a new radiation therapy HNC treatment. METHODS We reviewed the infrastructure and methodology in the commencement of HNC radiation therapy in our cancer care center and invited several external, experienced metropolitan head and neck radiation oncologists to develop a novel consensus guideline that may be used by new RT centers to treat HNC. Recommendations were presented to our internal and external staff specialists using a survey questionnaire with ratings utilized to determine consensus using pre-defined thresholds as per the American Society of Clinical Oncology Guidelines Methodology Manual. CONCLUSION This consensus recommendation aims to improve RT utilization whilst advocating for optimal patient outcomes by presenting a framework for new radiation therapy centers ready to step up and manage the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. We propose these evidence-based consensus guidelines endorsed by external HNC radiation oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Ming N Chen
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Anzela Anzela
- Central Coast Cancer Centre, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, Australia
| | - Ebony Hetherington
- Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Nicole Buddle
- Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Australia
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dinesh Vignarajah
- Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Australia
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Hogan
- Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Allan Fowler
- Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Dion Forstner
- GenesisCare, St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin Chua
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Raghu Gowda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Myo Min
- Adem Crosby Cancer Centre, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, Australia
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Australia
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Chow JCH, Lee J, Lai MMP, Li S, Lau AMC, Ng BSY, Leung GGG, Li STY, Lui JCF, Cheung KM, Au KH, Wong KH, Lau AYL, Zee BCY. Multi-domain neurocognitive impairment following definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer: A cross-sectional study. Radiother Oncol 2024; 193:110143. [PMID: 38341098 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurocognitive impairment from inadvertent brain irradiation is common following intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and radiation dose-toxicity relationship of this late complication. MATERIALS AND METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study of 190 post-IMRT NPC survivors. Neurocognitive function was screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Hong Kong (HK-MoCA). Detailed assessments of eight distinct neurocognitive domains were conducted: intellectual capacity (WAIS-IV), attention span (Digit Span and Visual Spatial Span), visual memory (Visual Reproduction Span), verbal memory (Auditory Verbal Learning Test), processing speed (Color Trail Test), executive function (Stroop Test), motor dexterity (Grooved Pegboard Test) and language ability (Verbal Fluency Test). The mean percentiles and Z-scores were compared with normative population data. Associations between radiation dose and brain substructures were explored using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The median post-IMRT interval was 7.0 years. The prevalence of impaired HK-MoCA was 25.3 % (48/190). Among the participants, 151 (79.4 %) exhibited impairments in at least one neurocognitive domain. The predominantly impaired domains included verbal memory (short-term: mean Z-score, -0.56, p < 0.001; long-term: mean Z-score, -0.70, p < 0.001), processing speed (basic: mean Z-score, -1.04, p < 0.001; advanced: mean Z-score, -0.38, p < 0.001), executive function (mean Z-score, -1.90, p < 0.001), and motor dexterity (dominant hand: mean Z-score, -0.97, p < 0.001). Radiation dose to the whole brain, hippocampus, and temporal lobe was associated with impairments in executive function, verbal memory, processing speed, and motor dexterity. CONCLUSIONS Neurocognitive impairment is prevalent and profound in post-IMRT NPC survivors. Cognitive assessment and rehabilitation should be considered part of survivorship care.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C H Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jack Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maria M P Lai
- Division of Biostatistics, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sara Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Adelina M C Lau
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beni S Y Ng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gigi G G Leung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sharon T Y Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jeffrey C F Lui
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Man Cheung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Hung Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Hung Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alexander Y L Lau
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Benny C Y Zee
- Division of Biostatistics, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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20
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Guo Q, Lu T, Huang W, Xu H, Zhang Q, Xiao Y, Zhong J, Xie H, Chen J, Zong J, Gong X, Pan J, Li J, Lin S. Selectively sparing of the supraclavicular area during intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A double-center observation study. Radiother Oncol 2024; 192:110086. [PMID: 38184146 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study was aimed at evaluating the feasibility of sparing the supraclavicular area, namely levels IVb and Vc, during intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with N1-2 disease[except N1 disease with purely restropharyngeal lymph nodes(RPN) involvement], and providing a basis for the revision of International Guideline for the delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV). PATIENTS AND MATERIALS Patients with NPC (stage TanyN1-2M0) diagnosed pathologically in Fujian Cancer Hospital (Center 1, Only Lin SJ's attending group) from January 2014 to March 2018 and Jiangxi Cancer Hospital(Center 2) from January 2014 to December 2015 were included. According to our principle, the supraclavicular area (levels IVb and Vc) were excluded from the CTVnd. Survival outcomes focused on regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS) and recurrence rates of levels IVb and Vc were analysed. RESULTS A total of 672 eligible patients were recruited (Center 1, n = 362; Center 2, n = 310). There was no significant difference in 5-year RRFS (97.33 % vs. 97.24 %, p = 0.980), overall survival (OS) (89.14 % vs. 88.56 %, p = 0.327), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (94.90 % vs. 95.30 %, p = 0.593) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (89.38 % vs. 86.60 %, p = 0.130) between Center 1 and Center 2. Twenty patients developed regional failure (median: 36 months), among them, only one case (0.15 %) was recorded as levels IVb and Vc recurrence. CONCLUSION Omitting the supraclavicular area (levels IVb and Vc) during IMRT should be safe and feasible for N1-2 disease (except N1 disease with purely RPN involvement). Well-designed multicenter prospective trials should be conducted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojuan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tianzhu Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), 519 East Beijing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China
| | - Wanfang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hanchuan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quxia Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), 519 East Beijing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Honghui Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), 519 East Beijing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingfeng Zong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaochang Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), 519 East Beijing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China
| | - Jianji Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), 519 East Beijing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China.
| | - Shaojun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Cao C, Fang Y, Yu B, Xu Y, Qiang M, Tao C, Huang S, Chen X. Use of 18F-FDG PET/MRI as an Initial Staging Procedure for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:922-928. [PMID: 37256732 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with the conventional work-up (CWU) including computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen, MRI of the head and neck, and skeletal scintigraphy, positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI might improve diagnostic accuracy, shorten the work-up time, and reduce false-positive (FP) findings in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, evidence of cost-effectiveness is needed for the adoption of PET/MRI for the initial staging in NPC. PURPOSE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and clinical value of PET/MRI as an initial staging procedure for NPC. STUDY TYPE Retrospective cohort cost effectiveness study. SUBJECTS Three hundred forty-three patients with a median age of 51 (13-81) years underwent PET/MRI before treatment (the PET/MRI group) and the remaining 677 patients with a median age of 55 (15-95) years only underwent CWU (the CWU group). There were 80 (23.3%) females and 193 (28.5%) females in the PET/MRI and CWU groups, respectively. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3-T integrated PET/MRI system, diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2 ) and [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose PET. ASSESSMENT The primary end point was the FP rate. Costs were determined as issued in 2021 by the Medical Insurance Administration Bureau of Zhejiang, China. STATISTICAL TESTS Incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) measured cost of using PET/MRI per percent of patients who avoided a FP. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS For the whole group, the de novo metastatic disease rate was 5.2% (53/1020). A total of 187 patients with FP results were observed. Significantly more patients with FP results were observed in the CWU group compared to the PET/MRI group (25.6% vs. 4.1%). The ICER was $54 for each percent of patients avoiding a FP finding. DATA CONCLUSION Compared with CWU, PET/MRI may reduce the FP risk. Furthermore, PET/MRI may be cost-effective as an initial staging procedure for NPC. EVIDENCE LEVEL 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caineng Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bocheng Yu
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanfan Xu
- Hangzhou Universal Medical Imagine Diagnostion Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyun Qiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changjuan Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wang L, Wu Z, He Q, Li Y, Wang S, Li F, Wang H, Li W, Han Y. Distribution of regional lymph nodes metastasis in 870 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the suggestions for individualized elective prophylactic neck irradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6723. [PMID: 38156901 PMCID: PMC10905225 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the feasibility of individualized elective prophylactic neck irradiation (iEPNI) for optimizing current approach by investigating metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) distribution in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Records of 870 NPC patients without distant metastasis in Hunan Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were reviewed. LNs' locations were identified based on the 2013 guidelines. The intra-regional lymphatic drainage (IRLD) areas included Station 1st (level VIIa and II), Station 2nd (level III and Va), and Station 3rd (level IV, Vb, and Vc). Other levels were categorized as extra-regional areas. RESULTS Among the 870 patients, 94.5% cases exhibited LNs metastasis, including unilateral metastasis in 198 patients and bilateral metastasis in 624 patients. In the whole cohort, the most common involved IRLD areas were level IIb (87.1%), VIIa (80.0%), IIa (61.8%), Va (30.6%), IV (21.4%), Vb (8.9%), and Vc (1.1%). Besides, rates of LNs metastasis in Station 1st, 2nd, and 3rd were 94.3%, 61.1%, and 22.9%, respectively. Only four patients (4, 0.5%) revealed skipping metastasis among the three stations. CONCLUSIONS Lymph node metastasis follows an organized pattern from Station 1st to 3rd with scarce skipping metastasis. A potential iEPNI strategy of prophylactic neck irradiation to the ipsilateral latter node-negative station appears promising in NPC patients. Further prospective investigations are warranted to validate the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of RadiotherapyPeking University Cancer Hospital YunnanThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming YunnanP.R. China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
| | - Subin Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
| | - Feiping Li
- Department of Imaging, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanP.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of RadiotherapyPeking University Cancer Hospital YunnanThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming YunnanP.R. China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Department of Radiation OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha HunanP.R. China
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Lin CY, Chang CL, Lin KC, Chen WM, Shia BC, Kuo PH, Wu SY. Statin use reduces radiation-induced stroke risk in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Radiother Oncol 2024; 191:110067. [PMID: 38142934 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cohort study aimed to evaluate the impact of statin use on ischemic stroke risk in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS Using data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database, we conducted an inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox regression analysis to examine the association between statin use during CCRT and ischemic stroke risk. RESULTS The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for ischemic stroke in the statin group compared to the non-statin group was 0.70 (95 % CI: 0.54-0.92; P < 0.0107). This protective effect was observed across different statin classes, with hydrophilic statins such as pravastatin showing an aHR of 0.37 (95 % CI: 0.17-0.85) and lipophilic statins including atorvastatin displaying an aHR of 0.32 (95 % CI: 0.21-0.50) compared to non-statin use. Analysis of cumulative defined daily doses (cDDD) revealed a dose-response relationship, with lower stroke risk observed in higher quartiles of cDDD. Additionally, patients with a daily defined dose (DDD) > 1 had a reduced risk of stroke with an aHR of 0.49 (95 % CI: 0.31-0.63), while those with DDD ≤ 1 showed an aHR of 0.59 (95 % CI: 0.40-0.84). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence supporting the beneficial effects of statin use during the CCRT period in reducing radiation-induced stroke risk among patients with advanced NPC undergoing definitive CCRT. Notably, pravastatin and atorvastatin demonstrated significant reductions in stroke occurrence. Furthermore, the findings suggest a dose-response relationship, where higher cumulative doses and greater daily dose intensity of statin use were associated with a lower risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yi Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Lun Chang
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuan-Chou Lin
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC; Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC; Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Management, College of Management, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC.
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24
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Meng Z, Li P, Yang D, Huang H, Dong H, Qin Y, Bin Y, Li R, Wang S, Chen X, Kang M. The feasibility of level Ib-sparing intensity-modulated radiation therapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and high-risk factors classified based on the International Guideline. Radiother Oncol 2024; 191:110027. [PMID: 38008418 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.110027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To examine the feasibility of level Ib-sparing intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who had high-risk factors classified based on the International Guideline (IG). MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 961 non-metastatic NPC cases based on IG recommendations for prophylactic Ib irradiation. Four high-risk factors were used to categorise patients into three cohorts: A, B, and C. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics in Cohort C, resulting in a matched Cohort C. Recurrence rates at level Ib and regional relapse-free survival (RRFS) rates were evaluated. RESULTS Among patients with negative Ib lymph nodes (LNs), 18, 54, 420, and 444 exhibited involvement of structures that drain to level Ib as the first echelon (FES), involvement of the submandibular gland (SMG), level II LNs with radiologic extranodal extension (rENE), and level II nodes with a maximal axial diameter (MAD) ≥ 2 cm, respectively. The recurrence rate was highest in Cohort A (11.1 %). Cohort B had no level Ib recurrence. In matched Cohort C, recurrence rates were low in both groups (Ib-sparing group: 0.6 % vs. Ib-covering group: 0.6 %, P > 0.999). No significant differences were observed in 5-year RRFS rates between the two groups in cohort A (p = 0.208), cohort B (p = 0.905), and matched cohort C (p = 0.423). CONCLUSIONS Level Ib-sparing IMRT could be performed safely for NPC patients with level II LNs who had rENE and/or MAD ≥ 2 cm. Further research should determine the necessity of level Ib prophylactic irradiation for patients with FES or SMG involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Chinese Medical University, No. 327 Xianhu Avenue, Xianhu Economic Development Zone, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Huan Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 21, Xiling 1st Road, Yichang 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Bin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuangyue Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinghua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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25
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Jiang C, Li X, Zhang L, Gong B, Gao H, Li Z, Zhang T, Wang J. The boundary of posterior to level V region and the theoretical feasibility of irradiation dose reduction of level Va in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2308. [PMID: 38280907 PMCID: PMC10821861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The lymph node involvement in the posterior to level V (PLV) region is mainly observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, we have reported the distribution of metastatic lymph nodes in the PLV region and there are correlations between the neck node levels (NNL) of NPC, but what is the boundary of the PLV region and how to delineate it remains unclear, and we further to elaborate whether the bilateral level Va should be covered as intermediate-risk nodal regions (CTVn2, about 60 Gy equivalent) for all T and N categories based on these correlations. A total of 1021 consecutive NPC patients with N1-3 stage from January 2012 to December 2020 were reviewed. The lymph node metastasis level of each patient was evaluated according to the updated guidelines proposed in 2013. According to the distribution pattern of lymph node metastasis and the anatomical structure in the PLV region, the boundaries of PLV region was delineated, and whether it is appropriate to cover the bilateral level Va as CTVn2 for all the NPC patients was further discussed. The correlations of level Va with other NNL were studied using logistic regression model. The cranial boundary of PLV region is the caudal border of cricoid cartilage, the caudal boundary is the plane serratus anterior muscle begins to appear, the anterior boundary is the anterior border of trapezius, and the posterior boundary is the convergence of levator scapulae and trapezius. Laterally, the PLV region is limited by the medial edge of trapezius and medially by the lateral surface of levator scapulae. The nodal spread in level Va is based on the lymph node metastasis of level IIb in NPC. The PLV region is a missing NNL of head and neck tumors, especially in NPC. The proposed boundaries of the PLV region can provide a preliminary proposal for the further revision of NNL in head and neck tumors. It is theoretically feasible to reduce the prophylactic irradiation dose of the bilateral level Va in patients with N0 stage or with isolated metastases in level VIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Xiaokai Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Baolin Gong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China.
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26
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Kawamura M, Kamomae T, Yanagawa M, Kamagata K, Fujita S, Ueda D, Matsui Y, Fushimi Y, Fujioka T, Nozaki T, Yamada A, Hirata K, Ito R, Fujima N, Tatsugami F, Nakaura T, Tsuboyama T, Naganawa S. Revolutionizing radiation therapy: the role of AI in clinical practice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:1-9. [PMID: 37996085 PMCID: PMC10803173 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiation therapy (RT) from a radiation oncologist's perspective. Over the years, advances in diagnostic imaging have significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness of radiotherapy. The introduction of AI has further optimized the segmentation of tumors and organs at risk, thereby saving considerable time for radiation oncologists. AI has also been utilized in treatment planning and optimization, reducing the planning time from several days to minutes or even seconds. Knowledge-based treatment planning and deep learning techniques have been employed to produce treatment plans comparable to those generated by humans. Additionally, AI has potential applications in quality control and assurance of treatment plans, optimization of image-guided RT and monitoring of mobile tumors during treatment. Prognostic evaluation and prediction using AI have been increasingly explored, with radiomics being a prominent area of research. The future of AI in radiation oncology offers the potential to establish treatment standardization by minimizing inter-observer differences in segmentation and improving dose adequacy evaluation. RT standardization through AI may have global implications, providing world-standard treatment even in resource-limited settings. However, there are challenges in accumulating big data, including patient background information and correlating treatment plans with disease outcomes. Although challenges remain, ongoing research and the integration of AI technology hold promise for further advancements in radiation oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kawamura
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kamomae
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yanagawa
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shohei Fujita
- Department of Radiology, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daiju Ueda
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujioka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Taiki Nozaki
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Yamada
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita15, Nishi7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Rintaro Ito
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujima
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita15, Nishi7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Fuminari Tatsugami
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakaura
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuboyama
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
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27
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Yip PL, You R, Chen MY, Chua MLK. Embracing Personalized Strategies in Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Beyond the Conventional Bounds of Fields and Borders. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:383. [PMID: 38254872 PMCID: PMC10814653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the primary treatment modality for non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) across all TN-stages. Locoregional control rates have been impressive even from the 2D radiotherapy (RT) era, except when the ability to deliver optimal dose coverage to the tumor is compromised. However, short- and long-term complications following head and neck RT are potentially debilitating, and thus, there has been much research investigating technological advances in RT delivery over the past decades, with the primary goal of limiting normal tissue damage. On this note, with a plateau in gains of therapeutic ratio by modern RT techniques, future advances have to be focused on individualization of RT, both in terms of dose prescription and the delineation of target volumes. In this review, we analyzed the guidelines and evidence related to contouring methods, and dose prescription for early and locoregionally advanced (LA-) NPC. Next, with the preference for induction chemotherapy (IC) in patients with LA-NPC, we assessed the evidence concerning radiotherapy adaptations guided by IC response, as well as functional imaging and contour changes during treatment. Finally, we discussed on RT individualization that is guided by EBV DNA assessment, and its importance in the era of combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade therapy with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Lam Yip
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Rui You
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (R.Y.); (M.-Y.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (R.Y.); (M.-Y.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Cooperative Surgical Ward of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Faifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Melvin L. K. Chua
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Blvd, Singapore 168583, Singapore
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Blvd, Singapore 168583, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Wu L, He J, Zheng Y, Li Y. Study on the radiotherapy effect and serum neutral granulocyte lymphocyte ratio and inflammatory factor expression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20230842. [PMID: 38239273 PMCID: PMC10795006 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare target area delineation schemes in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) effect on patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 88 NPC patients received IMRT and were assigned into control group (n = 44) and observation group (n = 44) based on MRI and CT imaging. In the control group, the treatment range was determined as the clinical target volume (CTV) as the gross tumor volume (GTV) + 5 mm. In the observation group, high-risk target areas CTVp1 was GTVp + 5 mm, lymphatic drainage area CTVn1 was GTVn + 5 mm, medium-risk CTVp2 was CTVp1 + 5 mm margin + the whole nasopharyngeal area, CTVn2 was CTVn1 + 5 mm. Radiotherapy treatment course was 6-8 weeks, four times a week. Results The observation group had higher total effective rate, with fewer complications. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were lower after radiotherapy in both groups compared to before radiotherapy, with the observation group demonstrating lower levels than the control group. The effective group exhibited lower serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to the non-effective group. T stage, target location, serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α were risk factors for the effect of radiotherapy. Conclusions Serum NLR, IL-6, and TNF-α have predictive significance for radiotherapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiPing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - JianPing He
- Department of Otolaryngology, The 910th Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China
| | - YuQing Zheng
- School of Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, No. 998, Qianhe Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
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Rühle A, Nicolay NH. [Role of chemotherapy in radiotherapy-treated nasopharynx carcinoma: update of the MAC-NPC network meta-analysis]. Strahlenther Onkol 2024; 200:99-102. [PMID: 37857814 PMCID: PMC10784332 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Stephanstr. 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
- Arbeitsgruppe junge DEGRO der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Radioonkologie e. V. (DEGRO), Berlin, Deutschland.
- Mitteldeutsches Krebszentrum (CCCG), Partnerstandort Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Stephanstr. 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
- Mitteldeutsches Krebszentrum (CCCG), Partnerstandort Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
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Zhu Y, Cheng J, Li Y, Pan D, Li H, Xu Y, Du Z, Lei M, Xiao S, Shen Q, Shi Z, Tang Y. Progression of cognitive dysfunction in NPC survivors with radiation-induced brain necrosis: A prospective cohort. Radiother Oncol 2024; 190:110033. [PMID: 38030079 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The evidence of longitudinal changes in cognition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) survivors with radiation-induced brain necrosis (RIBN) after radiotherapy (RT) remained insufficient. We aimed to estimate the clinical progression rate of cognitive decline and identify patients with differential decline rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on an ongoing prospective cohort study, NPC patients aged ≥18 years old and diagnosed with RIBN were included in this current analysis if they finished the time frame of 3-year follow-up and had at least twice cognition assessments. The Chinese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess the cognitive state. Linear mixed-effect models were used to analyze the annual progression rates of MoCA total and seven sub-items scores. RESULTS Among 134 patients in this study, the transition probability from normal to mild/moderate cognitive dysfunction were 14.2 % (19/134) and 1.49 % (2/134) respectively during the median follow-up time of 2.35 years. The total MoCA score declined by -0.569 (SE 0.208) points annually (p = 0.008). Patients with ≤6 years of duration from RT to RIBN have higher annual progression rate of total scores [-0.851 (SE 0.321), p = 0.013; p for interaction = 0.041]. CONCLUSION Our findings of the annual decline rate of cognition in NPC patients with RIBN from a 3-year longitudinal data, particularly for those who developed RIBN rapidly after RT, have important implications for the upcoming clinical trials designed to prevent or decrease cognitive decline in NPC patients with RIBN, regarding the selection of study patients and the calculation of sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Dong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 528406, China
| | - Honghong Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yongteng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qingyu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhongshan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yamei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Sun XS, Wang JW, Han F, Zou RH, Yang ZC, Guo SS, Liu LT, Chen QY, Tang LQ, Mai HQ. Prognostic value of metastatic cervical lymph node stiffness in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A prospective cohort study. Radiother Oncol 2023; 189:109939. [PMID: 37806561 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular matrix stiffness plays an important role in tumorigenesis. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of metastatic cervical lymph node (CLN) stiffness measured using ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS A total of 325 consecutive patients with NPC and CLN metastases were prospectively enrolled in this study. The association between the CLN stiffness and patient characteristics was also evaluated. Survival analysis was performed for 307 patients with stage M0 disease. Distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was the primary endpoint. Log-rank test and multivariate analysis were used to explore the prognostic value of CLN stiffness. RESULTS Eighteen patients developed distant metastases before treatment (stage M1) and had significantly higher CLN stiffness (Pt-test < 0.001) than the other patients (stage M0). For stage M0 patients, those in the high-stiffness group had lower 3-year DMFS (83.3% vs. 91.7%, P = 0.013) and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) (78.2% vs. 87.9%, P = 0.015) than those in the low-stiffness group. Multivariate analysis identified CLN stiffness and pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA as independent prognostic factors for DMFS and PFS. We further established stiffness-EBV risk stratification based on these two factors. The concordance index, receiver operating characteristic curve, and decision curve analyses showed that our risk stratification outperformed the TNM classification for predicting metastasis. CONCLUSION The stiffness of metastatic CLN is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with NPC. SWE can be used as a pretreatment examination for CLN-positive patients. A multicenter study is required to verify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Song Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Jian-Wei Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Feng Han
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Ru-Hai Zou
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Chong Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Li-Ting Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
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Hahn E, Ng WT. Small Changes, Big Impact: Excitement and Caution in Dose and Volume Reduction for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radiation Therapy After Induction Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:925-927. [PMID: 37838451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Hahn
- Radiation Medicine Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wai Tong Ng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Oncology Center, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Lin F, Qiu Z, Xie D, Zhou X, Wang L, Wu Z, Cheng W, Lyu S, Su Y, Tao Y. Distribution of regional lymph lode metastasis in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the suggestions for selective prophylactic irradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20511-20520. [PMID: 37881136 PMCID: PMC10660103 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To address the regional lymph node (RLN) distribution and the long-term efficacy in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), providing elective irradiation for RLN with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS The involvement of clinical data of 136 patients with unilateral NPC, who underwent IMRT from November 2003 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The therapeutic effect and failure pattern of RLN metastasis were evaluated. RESULTS Of 57.1% patients have bilateral RLN metastasis. The rate of contralateral RLNs metastasis is lower than that of ipsilateral RLNs. Contralateral RLN metastasis mainly occurs in level VIIa (39.0%) and II (38.2%). While level IVa is only 0.7%, and none of RLN metastasis was found in level IVb and Va. The median follow-up was 70 months, and the 3-, 5-and 10-year regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS) were 94.1%, 93.1%, and 93.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION Routine prophylactic irradiation may not include contralateral lower neck LN and level Va for N0-1 unilateral NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Lin
- Department of Radiation OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouP.R. China
- Department of Radiation OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Zichen Qiu
- Department of Radiation OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Dehuan Xie
- Department of RadiotherapyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangdongGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- Department of Radiation OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)KunmingP.R. China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital 14 of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaP.R. China
| | - Wanqin Cheng
- Department of Radiation OncologyShunde Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityFoshanP. R. China
| | - Shaowen Lyu
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Radiation OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Yalan Tao
- Department of Radiation OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouP.R. China
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Zong D, Jiang N, Kong C, Wen J, Wang LJ, Guo YS, Zhang LF, He X, Chen ZZ, Huang SF. Distribution pattern of medial group retropharyngeal lymph nodes and its implication in optimizing clinical target volume in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1228994. [PMID: 37736546 PMCID: PMC10509553 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1228994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and to elucidate the clinical characteristics of medial group retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) based on multi-modal imaging. Also, we intended to explore the feasibility of optimizing the CTV60 boundary based on the characteristics of medial group RLNs. Methods A total of 549 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DWI, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) to detect and evaluate clinical characteristics of medial group RLNs. [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was utilized to identify fluorodeoxyglucose uptaking and contrast-enhanced CT to ensure the reliability of CTV optimization during radiotherapy. The DESdC (Drinking, Eating, Swallowing Difficulties, and Coughing while Eating or Drinking) score was utilized to evaluate swallowing disability. Results Fourteen of 549 patients had medial group RLNs with a transverse diameter of 2.0-19.0 mm, which distributed between the upper margin of 1st cervical vertebra (C1) and the upper one-third of C3. Lasso regression and Pearson chi-square test suggested that its occurrence was associated with stage N, bilateral cervical lymph node metastases, especially when the transverse diameter of cervical lymph nodes was > 3 cm. The sensitivity of DWI, T2 STIR, and contrast-enhanced CT was 100%, 57.1%, and 21.4%, respectively. We optimized CTV60 of medial group RLNs from the base of skull to the upper edge of C2 excluding specific cases. For patients with CTV60 optimization, radiation dose and volume of swallowing structures decreased obviously. Based on our radiotherapy strategy on CTV60, acute toxicities of enrolled patients were well tolerated. Ninety-six of 549 patients had scores with DESdC score. Eighty-three patients scored 1, seven patients scored 2, one patient scored 3, and three patients scored 4. The median interval from the onset of symptoms was 72 (4-114) months. The 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, local recurrence-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival were 87%, 80%, 93%, and 85%, respectively. None of the patients with regional recurrence happened in the optimized region. Conclusion DWI possesses superiorities in displaying lymph nodes. Based on the low incidence of the medial RLNs, CTV60 of medial group RLNs from the base of skull to the upper edge of C2 is feasible and has dosimetric advantages for protecting swallowing structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-jun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye-song Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan-fang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-zhang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng-fu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Lu SH, Lan HT, Tsai YC, Chen YF, Lai SF, Liang HK, Huang BS, Chen WY, Wang CW. Vertebral artery sparing volumetric modulated arc therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Med Dosim 2023; 48:304-311. [PMID: 37673726 DOI: 10.1016/j.meddos.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular stenosis is a late radiation complication that develops in long-term survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Vertebral arteries (VAs) are major vessels responsible for posterior circulation. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of VA-sparing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques. A total of 20 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by a TrueBeam linear accelerator were enrolled in this study. The original VMAT plan was designed without the contouring of VAs as organs at risk (OARs). The same image set of the original VMAT plan was used to contour the VAs for each patient. A new VA-sparing VMAT plan was developed by avoiding VAs as OARs. Finally, a paired t-test was used to compare the dosimetric differences. The VA-sparing VMAT plan had similar target coverage and dose to those of other OARs. The VA-sparing plan yielded a significantly low VA dose from 53 to 40 Gy, with V35Gy changing from 97% to 56%, V50Gy changing from 67% to 35%, and V63Gy changing from 15% to approximately 7%-10% (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). VAs should be correctly identified as OARs. Photon VMAT with VA sparing can help substantially decrease the VA dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Huai Lu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Lan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fang Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Fan Lai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Kuang Liang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Shen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Chen
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Wei Wang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sauvage L, Calugaru V, Janoray G. [Radiotherapy of rare head and neck tumors]. Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:608-613. [PMID: 37596121 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Management of head and neck tumors is complex because of multiple anatomical locations and histologies possibilities. Rare tumors must be managed in a specialized center and be registered in the French network of expertise on ENT Cancers (Refcor). Despite heterogeneous levels of evidence, radiotherapy plays an essential role in their treatment. Radiation therapy is generally indicated in the adjuvant setting, or in case of non-operability. Dose and target volumes depend on histology, location and extensions of the tumor, and the quality of the excision if applicable. We present here a review of the literature and available guidelines for the management by radiotherapy of rare upper aerodigestive tract tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sauvage
- Institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Calugaru
- Institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - G Janoray
- Clinique Pasteur, Atrium, 1, rue de la Petite-Vitesse, 31300 Toulouse, France
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Lin C, Lu N, Liang JL, Guo J, Gu LW, Sun R, Guo L, Yang Q. Clinical treatment considerations in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era for parotid lymph node metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiother Oncol 2023; 186:109802. [PMID: 37423477 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE No specific irradiation guidelines have been proposed for parotid lymph node (PLN) metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to explore the dose prescription and target delineation for PLN metastasis in patients with NPC. METHODS With the NPC database from a big-data platform, 10,685 patients with primarily diagnosed, non-distant metastatic, histologically proven NPC and treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) at our center from 2008 to 2019 were reviewed and those with PLN metastasis were enrolled in this study. Dosimetry parameters were collected from the dose-volume histograms (DVH). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) was operated for variable selection. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to identify the independent prognostic factors. RESULTS PLN metastases were identified in 275/10685 (2.5%) patients. Of 367 positive PLN, 199 were in superficial intra-parotid, followed by 70 in deep intra-parotid, 54 in subparotid and 44 in subcutaneous pre-auricular. Better survival outcome was observed in PLN-radical IMRT group, compared with PLN-sparing group. In 190 patients received PLN-radical IMRT, multivariate analysis revealed that D95% of level VIII > 55 Gy was an independent beneficial prognostic factor for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and parotid relapse-free survival (PRFS). CONCLUSION Based on the distribution pattern of PLN metastasis in NPC and the result of dose-finding study, involving the ipsilateral level VIII into low-risk clinical target volume (CTV2) is recommended for NPC with PLN metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lin
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nian Lu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiong-Lin Liang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Wen Gu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
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Chen K, Xu G, Liang Y, Liang P, Gao W, Li Z, Liang W, Tao Z, Chen J, Hu X, Xu Y. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus anlotinib vs. concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An interim analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:392. [PMID: 37600344 PMCID: PMC10435931 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and concurrent chemotherapy (CCRT), the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) is not satisfactory. EGFR and VEGFR are highly expressed in 60-80% of patients with LA-NPC and this is associated with a poor prognosis, which suggests the potential effectiveness of an inhibitor targeting tumor angiogenesis for treating LA-NPC. The present study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of CCRT combined with anlotinib in patients with LA-NPC. The study involved patients with LA-NPC (stage III-IVA) from four institutions in Guangxi, China. Patients were randomized to receive CCRT + anlotinib (n=36) or CCRT alone (n=37). Acute toxicity and short-term efficacy were evaluated. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were leucopenia [10 (27.7%) vs. 8 (21.6%)], neutropenia [6 (16.7%) vs. 5 (13.5%)] and mucositis [13 (36.1%) vs. 11 (29.7%)] in the CCRT + anlotinib vs. CCRT cohort but there were no significant differences between the two cohorts (P=0.54, P=0.70 and P=0.56, respectively). Two patients (5.6%) displayed grade 1/2 hemorrhage in the CCRT + anlotinib cohort. No patient displayed grade 3/4 hemorrhages or adverse event-associated deaths in any cohort. Complete response rates in the CCRT + anlotinib arm at 1 week and 3 and 6 months post-radiotherapy were 60.0, 91.4, and 97.1%, respectively, compared with 40.5, 81.1 and 91.9% in the CCRT arm but there was no significant difference (P=0.10, P=0.35 and P=0.65, respectively). This interim analysis of the ongoing trial showed that administration of CCRT + anlotinib has acceptable toxicity profiles, good compliance and promising results in patients with LA-NPC. A larger study cohort and a longer follow-up period are needed to confirm therapeutic effectiveness and late toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kequan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
| | - Guoding Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530022, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530022, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530022, P.R. China
| | - Weichao Liang
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Tao
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yaocan Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 537200, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Han Y, Liu F, Hu D, Chen Z, Wang P, Li J, Qin J, Jin F, Li Y, Wang J, Yi J. Involved site radiation therapy in stage I-III nasopharyngeal carcinoma with limited lymph node burden (ISRT-NPC) or elective region irradiation: a study protocol for a multicenter non-inferiority randomized controlled phase III clinical trial. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:724. [PMID: 37537541 PMCID: PMC10401746 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current radiotherapy guidelines and consensus statements uniformly recommend elective region irradiation (ERI) as the standard strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, given the scarcity of skip-metastasis, the improved assessment accuracy of nodal involvement, and the striking advancements in chemotherapy for NPC, a one-fits-all delineation scheme for clinical target volumes of the nodal region (CTVn) may not be appropriate anymore, and modifications of the CTVn delineation strategy may be warranted. Involved site irradiation (ISI) covering merely the initially involved nodal site and potential extranodal extension has been confirmed to be as effective as ERI with decreased radiation-related toxicities in some malignancies, but has not yet been investigated in NPC. This study aims to compare the regional control, survival outcomes, radiation-related toxicities, and quality of life (QoL) of ISI with conventional ERI in NPC patients with a limited nodal burden. METHODS ISRT-NPC is a prospective, multicenter, open-label, noninferiority, phase III randomized controlled trial. A total of 414 patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive ISI or ERI. Randomization will be stratified by institution scale and N stage. Generally, in the ISI group, the high-risk CTV1 (dose: 60 Gy) includes a 1-cm expansion of the positive LN as well as the VIIa and the retrostyloid space above the bilateral transverse process of the atlantoaxial spine (C1), regardless of N status. The low-risk CTV2 (dose: 50 Gy) covers the cervical nodal region with a 3-cm caudal expansion below the transverse process of C1 for N0 disease and a 3-cm expansion below the positive LN for positive LNs. DISCUSSION The results of this trial are expected to confirm that ISI is a non-inferior strategy to ERI in stage I-III patients with low LN burden, enabling the minimization of treatment-related toxicity and improvement of long-term QoL without compromising regional control. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT05145660. Registered December 6, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Peiguo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiyong Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650100, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer hospital Chinese academy of medical science, Shenzhen center, Shenzhen, 518127, Guangzhou Province, China
| | - Yexiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Junlin Yi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Tongxi Road, Guangyang District, Langfang, 065001, Hebei Province, China.
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Lv J, Liao S, Li B, Pan L, Wang R. Scheduling radiotherapy for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the corresponding time window can reduce radiation-induced oral mucositis: A randomized, prospective study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16032-16040. [PMID: 37537945 PMCID: PMC10469752 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore a new method to reduce radiation-induced oral mucositis by scheduling radiotherapy for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the corresponding time window of the cycle of oral mucosal cells. METHODS Eighty-two NPC patients were randomly divided into a day group (n = 41) and a night group (n = 41). The radiotherapy was scheduled at noon (11:30-15:30) for the day group, while at night (19:00-23:00) for the night group. Oral mucositis and oral pain were recorded in both groups after each radiotherapy fraction. The short-term efficacy of primary tumor regression, weight loss, and bone marrow suppression was recorded. RESULTS The incidence of Grade 2 oral mucositis was 87.8% (36/41) and 63.4% (26/41) in the night group and day group, respectively (p = 0.010). The incidence of Grade 3 oral mucositis was 65.9% (27/41) and 22.0% (9/41) in the night group and day group, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean number of radiotherapy for patients to develop Grade 2 oral mucositis was 15.67 ± 5.05 and 20.92 ± 6.21 in the night group and day group, respectively. The incidence of Grade 2 oral pain was 48.8% (20/41) and 22.0% (9/41) in the night group and day group, respectively (p = 0.011). There were no significant differences in tumor regression, weight loss, and bone marrow suppression between the two groups. CONCLUSION By scheduling radiotherapy based on the corresponding time window of the cycle of oral mucosal cells, the severity of oral mucositis in NPC patients was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lv
- Department of RadiotherapyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Shibin Liao
- Department of RadiotherapyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Bo Li
- Department of RadiotherapyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Linjiang Pan
- Department of RadiotherapyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of RadiotherapyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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Ito T, Monzen H, Kubo K, Kosaka H, Yanagi Y, Sakai Y, Inada M, Doi H, Nishimura Y. Dose difference between anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB (AXB) caused by target's air content for volumetric modulated arc therapy of head and neck cancer. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2023; 28:399-406. [PMID: 37795404 PMCID: PMC10547402 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2023.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We clarified the dose difference between the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB (AXB) with increasing target's air content using a virtual phantom and clinical cases. Materials and methods Whole neck volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan was transferred into a virtual phantom with a cylindrical air structure at the center. The diameter of the air structure was changed from 0 to 6 cm, and the target's air content defined as the air/planning target volume (PTV) in percent (air/PTV) was varied. VMAT plans were recalculated by AAA and AXB with the same monitor unit (MU) and multi-leaf collimator (MLC) motions. The dose at each air/PTV (5%-30%) was compared between each algorithm with D98%, D95%, D50% and D2% for the PTV. In addition, MUs were also compared with the same MLC motions between the D95% prescription with AAA (AAA_D95%), AXB_D95%, and the prescription to 100% minus air/PTV (AXB_D100%-air/PTV) in clinical cases of head and neck (HNC). Results When air/PTV increased (5-30%), the dose differences between AAA and AXB for D98%, D95%, D50% and D2% were 3.08-15.72%, 2.35-13.92%, 0.63-4.59%, and 0.14-6.44%, respectively. At clinical cases with air/PTV of 5.61% and 28.19%, compared to AAA_D95%, the MUs differences were, respectively, 2.03% and 6.74% for AXB_D95% and 1.80% and 0.50% for AXB_D100%-air/PTV. Conclusion The dose difference between AAA and AXB increased as the target's air content increased, and AXB_D95% resulted in a dose escalation over AAA_D95% when the target's air content was ≥ 5%. The D100%-air/PTV of PTV using AXB was comparable to the D95% of PTV using AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ito
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hajime Monzen
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kubo
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kosaka
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuya Yanagi
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Doi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
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Chopra S, Gupta A, Aoyama H, Wu HG, Mahmood H, Tharavichitkul E, Khine A, Gandhi A, Faruque GM, Cruz M, Kodrat H, Xue X, Abeysinghe P, Ho GF, Minjgee M, Tey J, Gao X. Radiation Oncology Research in Asia: Current Status and a Peep Into the Future From the Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2300002. [PMID: 37384859 PMCID: PMC10497287 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This survey was conducted to assess the current research practices among the 14 members of the Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology (FARO) committee, to inform measures for research capacity building in these nations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 19-item electronic survey was sent to two research committee members from the 14 representative national radiation oncology organizations (N = 28) that are a part of FARO. RESULTS Thirteen of the 14 member organizations (93%) and 20 of 28 members (71.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Only 50% of the members stated that an active research environment existed in their country. Retrospective audits (80%) and observational studies (75%) were the most common type of research conducted in these centers. Lack of time (80%), lack of funding (75%), and limited training in research methodology (40%) were cited as the most common hindrances in conducting research. To promote research initiatives in the collaborative setting, 95% of the members agreed to the creation of site-specific groups, with head and neck (45%) and gynecological cancers (25%) being the most preferred disease sites. Projects focused on advanced external beam radiotherapy implementation (40%), and cost-effectiveness studies (35%) were cited as some of the potential areas for future collaboration. On the basis of the survey results, after result discussion and the FARO officers meeting, an action plan for the research committee has been created. CONCLUSION The results from the survey and the initial policy structure may allow facilitation of radiation oncology research in the collaborative setting. Centralization of research activities, funding support, and research-directed training are underway to help foster a successful research environment in the FARO region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Chopra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ankita Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Hidefumi Aoyama
- Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hong-Gyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Humera Mahmood
- Department of Clinical Oncology & Radiology, Atomic Energy Cancer Hospital, NORI, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ekkasit Tharavichitkul
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Aung Khine
- Yangon General Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Ajeet Gandhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Misael Cruz
- Cancer Institute Sacred Heart Medical Center, Angeles City, Philippines
| | - Henry Kodrat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | | | - Gwo Fuang Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Minjmaa Minjgee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Non-surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Jeremy Tey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health Systems (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianshu Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chen Q, Wei R, Li S. A preoperative nomogram model for the prediction of lymph node metastasis in buccal mucosa cancer. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37184116 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to construct a nomogram model predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa based on preoperative clinical characteristics. METHODS Patients who underwent radical resection of a primary tumor in the buccal mucosa with neck dissection were enrolled. Clinical characteristics independently associated with LNM in multivariate analyses were adopted to build the model. Patients at low risk of LNM were defined by a predicted probability of LNM of less than 5%. RESULTS Patients who underwent surgery in an earlier period (January 2015-November 2019) were defined as the model development cohort (n = 325), and those who underwent surgery later (November 2019-March 2021) were defined as the validation cohort (n = 140). Age, tumor differentiation, tumor thickness, and clinical N stage assessed by computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (cN) were independent predictors of LNM. The nomogram model based on these four predictors showed good discrimination accuracy in both the model development and validation cohorts, with areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.814 and 0.828, respectively. LNM prediction by the nomogram model was superior to cN in AUC comparisons (0.815 vs. 0.753) and decision curve analysis of the whole cohort. Seventy-one patients were defined as having a low risk of LNM, among whom the actual metastasis rate was only 1.4%. CONCLUSIONS A robust nomogram model for preoperative LNM prediction is built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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44
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Wang Y, Chen H, Lin J, Dong S, Zhang W. Automatic detection and recognition of nasopharynx gross tumour volume (GTVnx) by deep learning for nasopharyngeal cancer radiotherapy through magnetic resonance imaging. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:76. [PMID: 37158943 PMCID: PMC10165804 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we propose the deep learning model-based framework to automatically delineate nasopharynx gross tumor volume (GTVnx) in MRI images. METHODS MRI images from 200 patients were collected for training-validation and testing set. Three popular deep learning models (FCN, U-Net, Deeplabv3) are proposed to automatically delineate GTVnx. FCN was the first and simplest fully convolutional model. U-Net was proposed specifically for medical image segmentation. In Deeplabv3, the proposed Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) block, and fully connected Conditional Random Field(CRF) may improve the detection of the small scattered distributed tumor parts due to its different scale of spatial pyramid layers. The three models are compared under same fair criteria, except the learning rate set for the U-Net. Two widely applied evaluation standards, mIoU and mPA, are employed for the detection result evaluation. RESULTS The extensive experiments show that the results of FCN and Deeplabv3 are promising as the benchmark of automatic nasopharyngeal cancer detection. Deeplabv3 performs best with the detection of mIoU 0.8529 ± 0.0017 and mPA 0.9103 ± 0.0039. FCN performs slightly worse in term of detection accuracy. However, both consume similar GPU memory and training time. U-Net performs obviously worst in both detection accuracy and memory consumption. Thus U-Net is not suggested for automatic GTVnx delineation. CONCLUSIONS The proposed framework for automatic target delineation of GTVnx in nasopharynx bring us the desirable and promising results, which could not only be labor-saving, but also make the contour evaluation more objective. This preliminary results provide us with clear directions for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandan Wang
- Faculty of Computer Science and Technology, Wenzhou University, WenZhou, China
| | - Hehe Chen
- College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, China
| | - Shi Dong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Dingli Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, China.
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Ou X, Yan W, Huang Y, He X, Ying H, Lu X, Zhu H, Wu B, Wang J, Hu C. Unraveling the patterns and pathways of local recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: evidence for individualized clinical target volume delineation. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:55. [PMID: 36944958 PMCID: PMC10032020 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Despite publication of international guidelines, there are notable controversial points of clinical target volume (CTV) delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, scholars proposed a novel way of delineation of CTV in NPC-individualization of CTV delineation based on T classification and spread patterns, which yielded excellent long-term local control with limited late toxicities. The aim of this study was to clarify the anatomic patterns and pathways of local recurrence of NPC and provide a clinical reference for the delineation of CTV. METHODS A total of 869 patients with non-metastatic NPC were treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) at our institution between 2009 and 2010. Among the 57 cases of local/locoregional recurrence, 52 cases with traceable radiotherapy plans and magnetic resonance imaging at the time of the first diagnosis of recurrence were included. Anatomical structures and gross tumor volume of local recurrence were contoured. The incidence of relapse of each anatomic structure, route of local recurrence, and their correlation were analyzed. RESULTS Locally advanced disease had a significantly increased risk of recurrence in the posterior nasal cavity and a trend towards higher risk of recurrence in the clivus, lateral pterygoid muscle, and hypoglossal canal. Based on the incidence of local recurrence, we constructed a high-risk map for the early and locally advanced stages. Local recurrences were classified into five routes, where anterior extension accounted for the majority (30.8%), and caudal tumor extension pathway had the lowest incidence (5.8%). There was a significant correlation between the local recurrences of neural foramina and neighboring anatomical structures along each pathway. All cases relapsed at unilateral cavernous sinus, most at the same side of primary tumor. Based on our findings, we proposed some suggestions on delineations of CTV, based on T classification and local extension pattern. CONCLUSIONS Local recurrence of NPC varied according to T classification, followed a stepwise pattern, spread via neural foramina, and recurred at ipsilateral cavernous sinus. This provides meaningful clinical evidence for delineation of CTV, especially individualized delineation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenbin Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangle Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiayun He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongmei Ying
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xueguan Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiazhou Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Wu Z, Qi B, Lin FF, Zhang L, He Q, Li FP, Wang H, Han YQ, Yin WJ. Characteristics of local extension based on tumor distribution in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and proposed clinical target volume delineation. Radiother Oncol 2023; 183:109595. [PMID: 36870606 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the characteristics of local extension of eccentric and central nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to improve clinical target volume (CTV) delineation. METHODS MRI of 870 newly diagnosed NPC patients were reviewed. According to tumor distribution features, the NPCs were divided into eccentric and central lesions. RESULTS All local invasions presented as continuous invasion from gross lesions and structures adjacent to the nasopharynx were more likely to be invaded. There were 240 (27.6%) and 630 (72.4%) cases with central and eccentric lesions, respectively. The spread of eccentric lesions was centered on the ipsilateral Rosenmüller's fossa; and most anatomic sites had significantly higher invasion rates in the ipsilateral side than the contralateral side (P < 0.05). However, they were at low risk of concurrent bilateral tumor invasion (<10%), except the prevertebral muscle (15.4%) and nasal cavity (13.8%). The extension of central NPCs was centered on the nasopharyngeal superior-posterior wall and was more common in the superior-posterior direction. Furthermore, bilateral tumor invasion into the anatomical sites was common. CONCLUSION Local invasion of NPC was characterized by continuous invasion from proximal to distal sites. The eccentric and central lesions showed different invasion features. Individual CTV delineation should be based on the distribution characteristics of tumors. The eccentric lesions had a very low probability of invasion into the contralateral tissue; thus routine prophylactic radiation of contralateral parapharyngeal space and skull base foramina may not be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei-Fei Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei-Ping Li
- Department of Imaging, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Qian Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Jing Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, People's Republic of China.
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Sari SY, Yigit E, Yazici G, Gullu IH, Aksoy S, Ozyigit G, Cengiz M. Post-induction lymph node delineation in nasopharyngeal cancer: A single-center experience. Head Neck 2023; 45:612-619. [PMID: 36508303 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We routinely delineate the gross tumor volume (GTV) for the lymph nodes (LN) based on post-induction chemotherapy (IC) MRI in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Herein, we investigated the sufficiency of this method, particularly in high-risk LNs. METHODS Eighty-one LNs with a high-risk of clinical extranodal extension and/or ≥3-cm diameter in 58 patients were evaluated. A new GTV covering the pre-IC LN volume was delineated for each LN. RESULTS The median volume reduction was 72.5% for the GTV and 53.1% for the planning target volume. After a median 43 months, the overall LN local control rate was 97.5%. The 2- and 5-year LN recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and disease-free survival rate was 88.3% and 84.4%, 92.5% and 85.1%, and 86.8% and 79.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION IC yields a significant reduction in nodal target volumes, and post-IC nodal volume-based radiotherapy provides excellent LC in NPC, even in high-risk LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Yuce Sari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ecem Yigit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gozde Yazici
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Halil Gullu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ozyigit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cengiz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Dionisi F, Di Rito A, Errico A, Iaccarino G, Farneti A, D'Urso P, Nardangeli A, Bambace S, D'Onofrio I, D'Angelo E, De Felice F, Fanetti G, Belgioia L, Alterio D, Orlandi E, Merlotti A, Musio D, Sanguineti G. Nasopharyngeal cancer: the impact of guidelines and teaching on radiation target volume delineation. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2023; 128:362-371. [PMID: 36877421 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-023-01612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Target volume delineation in the radiation treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer is challenging due to several reasons such as the complex anatomy of the site, the need for the elective coverage of definite anatomical regions, the curative intent of treatment and the rarity of the disease, especially in non-endemic areas. We aimed to analyze the impact of educational interactive teaching courses on target volume delineation accuracy between Italian radiation oncology centers. Only one contour dataset per center was admitted. The educational course consisted in three parts: (1) The completely anonymized image dataset of a T4N1 nasopharyngeal cancer patient was shared between centers before the course with the request of target volume and organs at risk delineation; (2) the course was held online with dedicated multidisciplinary sessions on nasopharyngeal anatomy, nasopharyngeal cancer pattern of diffusion and on the description and explanation of international contouring guidelines. At the end of the course, the participating centers were asked to resubmit the contours with appropriate corrections; (3) the pre- and post-course contours were analyzed and quantitatively and qualitatively compared with the benchmark contours delineated by the panel of experts. The analysis of the 19 pre- and post-contours submitted by the participating centers revealed a significant improvement in the Dice similarity index in all the clinical target volumes (CTV1, CTV2 and CTV3) passing from 0.67, 0.51 and 0.48 to 0.69, 0.65 and 0.52, respectively. The organs at risk delineation was also improved. The qualitative analysis consisted in the evaluation of the inclusion of the proper anatomical regions in the target volumes; it was conducted following internationally validated guidelines of contouring for nasopharyngeal radiation treatment. All the sites were properly included in target volume delineation by >50% of the centers after correction. A significant improvement was registered for the skull base, the sphenoid sinus and the nodal levels. These results demonstrated the important role that educational courses with interactive sessions could have in such a challenging task as target volume delineation in modern radiation oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dionisi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Di Rito
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Hospital "Mons. A.R. Dimiccoli", Barletta, Italy
| | - Angelo Errico
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Hospital "Mons. A.R. Dimiccoli", Barletta, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iaccarino
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Farneti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina D'Urso
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Nardangeli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Santa Bambace
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Hospital "Mons. A.R. Dimiccoli", Barletta, Italy
| | - Ida D'Onofrio
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa D'Angelo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanetti
- Division of Radiotherapy, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Liliana Belgioia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Alterio
- Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Radiation Oncology, Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Merlotti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, S. Croce and Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Department of Radiotherapy, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Qiu Z, Lin F, Wu Z, Wu T, Wang M, Hu J, Xie D, Lyu S, Ma J, Tao Y, Su Y. Why subclinical involvement is prescribed the same high dose as gross tumor volume: A study on high-dose clinical target volume in intensity-modulated radiotherapy plan of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2023; 45:1206-1214. [PMID: 36856344 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) protocols define primary gross tumor volume (GTVnx) plus a range from 2 to 5 mm as the high-dose clinical target volume (hd-CTV). However, in China, hd-CTV is defined as GTVnx plus 0 mm. METHODS A total of 40 patients with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic NPC (T1-T4 ten cases each) treated with IMRT were consecutively enrolled. Real and virtual treatment plans were designed according to the definitions of hd-CTV recommended by China and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), respectively. RESULTS The hd-CTV in China was significantly smaller than that of RTOG. Exposure doses to 5 mm subclinical involvement and OARs as well as NTCP in the China treatment plan were significantly lower than those of RTOG. CONCLUSION It could be recommended to divide the hd-CTV into GTV and subclinical target volume and to prescribe different doses for the GTV and subclinical involvement in the IMRT plan of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Taihua Wu
- School of Computer Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehuan Xie
- Department of Radiation Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Lyu
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalan Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu GL, Zhang XM, Yang KB, Tang LL, Ma J. Metastatic patterns of level II-V cervical lymph nodes assessed per vertebral levels in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiother Oncol 2023; 179:109447. [PMID: 36549338 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The current cervical lymph nodes classification system is not perfectly reasonable for radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to determine the metastatic patterns of level II-V lymph nodes in NPC by using vertebrae as anatomical landmarks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred and forty node-positive NPC patients were selected. Metastatic lymph nodes were diagnosed using positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated univariate and multivariate logistic correlations between the vertebral levels of metastatic level II-V lymph nodes. RESULTS The metastasis rate of level II-V lymph nodes gradually decreased from C2 (66.5%) and C3 (68.2%) to T1 (4.1%) vertebral levels. When assessed per vertebral level, 98.4% were non-skip metastasis. The interval of vertebral levels and distance between the inferior border of the tumor and the metastatic lymph nodes were similar in N1 and N2 patients. Univariate correlation analysis showed the metastasis of level II-V lymph nodes at each vertebral level was associated with the metastasis at any other vertebral level. In the multivariate analysis, metastasis at any one of the C2-C7 vertebral levels strongly and positively correlated with metastasis at two adjacent vertebral levels, including one level above and one below. CONCLUSION This is the first study to report the distribution and non-skip metastatic patterns of level II-V lymph nodes assessed per vertebral levels in NPC. The low-risk clinical target volume could be reduced to two vertebral levels below the vertebral level of the metastatic level II-V nodes when both imaging modalities are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Li Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xiao-Min Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, PR China
| | - Kai-Bin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Ling-Long Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
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