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A Numerical Simulation of Radiation Chemistry for Controlling the Oxidising Environment in Water-Cooled Nuclear Power Reactors. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12030947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the integrity of materials of light-water nuclear power reactors requires the development of effective methods to control and minimise the corrosive environment associated with the radiolysis of a coolant. In this study, the behaviour of the oxidising environment is simulated using a hybrid method. The hybrid method has advantages in that the production of radiolytic species under exposure of the coolant to ionising radiation is simulated while providing material and charge balances. Steady-state concentrations of stable and transient oxidising agents are calculated as a function of radiation composition and dose rate by numerical integration of the system of kinetic equations describing radiation chemistry of neutral water, the alkaline solution, and the hydrogenated systems at 300 °C. The importance of the reactions and equilibria constituting the radiolysis scheme of the coolant is assessed. The influence of the presence of a base and the injected H2 on the yield of key reactions responsible for the formation of the main oxidants H2O2 and O2 are discussed. Simulation indicated the synergic effect of H2 gas and base added to the coolant on diminishment of the steady-state concentration of oxidants.
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Sultana A, Meesungnoen J, Jay-Gerin JP. Yields of primary species in the low-linear energy transfer radiolysis of water in the temperature range of 25–700 °C. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7430-7439. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations were used to calculate the yields (G values) for the radical (eaq−, H˙, ˙OH) and molecular (H2, H2O2) species formed in low-LET water radiolysis from ∼1 ps to 1 ms between 25 and 700 °C, at 25 MPa pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Sultana
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Jintana Meesungnoen
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Jay-Gerin
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
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Muroya Y, Yamashita S, Lertnaisat P, Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Jay-Gerin JP, Katsumura Y. Rate constant for the H˙ + H 2O → ˙OH + H 2 reaction at elevated temperatures measured by pulse radiolysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:30834-30841. [PMID: 29134995 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06010f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the structural integrity of materials in nuclear power plants is an essential issue associated with safe operation. Hydrogen (H2) addition or injection to coolants is a powerful technique that has been widely applied such that the reducing conditions in the coolant water avoid corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Because the radiation-induced reaction of ˙OH + H2 → H˙ + H2O plays a crucial role in these systems, the rate constant has been measured at operation temperatures of the reactors (285-300 °C) by pulse radiolysis, generating sufficient data for analysis. The reverse reaction H˙ + H2O → ˙OH + H2 is negligibly slow at ambient temperature; however, it accelerates considerably quickly at elevated temperatures. Although the reverse reaction reduces the effectiveness of H2 addition, reliable rate constants have not yet been measured. In this study, the rate constants have been determined in a temperature range of 250-350 °C by pulse radiolysis in an aqueous I- solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Muroya
- Department of Beam Materials Science, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Kanike V, Meesungnoen J, Sanguanmith S, Guzonas D, Stuart C, Jay-Gerin JP. GENERATION OF ULTRAFAST TRANSIENT ACID SPIKES IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE WATER IRRADIATED WITH LOW LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER RADIATION. CNL NUCLEAR REVIEW 2016. [DOI: 10.12943/cnr.2016.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Swiatla-Wojcik D. Hybrid method for numerical modelling of LWR coolant chemistry. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Application of Radiation Chemistry to Some Selected Technological Issues Related to the Development of Nuclear Energy. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:60. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lertnaisat P, Katsumura Y, Mukai S, Umehara R, Shimizu Y, Suzuki M. Primary yields and reaction sets with corresponding rate constants for computer simulation of water radiolysis at elevated temperature. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2016.1165636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phantira Lertnaisat
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Katsumura
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Mukai
- Nuclear Chemistry Engineering, Nuclear Environment R&D Department, Nuclear Development Corporation, Ibakari, Japan
| | - Ryuji Umehara
- Water Chemistry Technology Group, Nuclear Energy Systems Headquarter, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimizu
- Water Chemistry Technology Group, Nuclear Energy Systems Headquarter, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Kobe, Japan
| | - Masashi Suzuki
- Water Chemistry Technology Group, Nuclear Energy Systems Headquarter, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Kobe, Japan
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Kazmierczak L, Szala-Bilnik J, Wolszczak M, Swiatla-Wojcik D. Temperature dependence of the rate constant for hydrogen atom reaction with Cl 2 −• in water by pulse radiolysis of aqueous HCl solution. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Meesungnoen J, Sanguanmith S, Jay-Gerin JP. Yields of H2 and hydrated electrons in low-LET radiolysis of water determined by Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations using phenol/N2O aqueous solutions up to 350 °C. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of temperature on the yields of H2 and hydrated electrons in the low linear energy transfer radiolysis of water has been modeled by Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations using phenol/N2O aqueous solutions from 25 up to 350 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintana Meesungnoen
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Sunuchakan Sanguanmith
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Jay-Gerin
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
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Butarbutar SL, Meesungnoen J, Guzonas DA, Stuart CR, Jay-Gerin JP. Modeling the Radiolysis of Supercritical Water by Fast Neutrons: Density Dependence of the Yields of Primary Species at 400°C. Radiat Res 2014; 182:695-704. [DOI: 10.1667/rr13715.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Balcerzyk A, Boughattas I, Pin S, Balanzat E, Baldacchino G. First observation of HO˙ reactivity in water under high energy ions at elevated temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23975-84. [PMID: 25286140 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This communication reports the first observation of the formation of HO˙ produced under two different High energy ion beams, (18)O(8+) and (36)Ar(18+) having Linear Energy Transfers (LET) of 65 and 350 eV nm(-1) respectively, at temperatures up to 411 K. Both scavenging with various concentrations of SCN(-) and heavy-ion pulse radiolysis methods are used with an original temperature and pressure regulated optical cell. Deconvolution of kinetics is used to analyze the evolution of HO˙ track segment yields as a function of time and temperature. It takes care of involving the ionic strength effect and Arrhenius expression in the rate constants correction. The results show a fast decay of HO˙ yields in the 10(-10)-10(-8) s range which denotes an efficient reactivity of this species in the track structure of the ion beam. This effect is enhanced with the lowest LET of O(8+). Increasing the temperature also accelerates the decays for both ions. These observations are discussed in terms of temperature activation of reactions and the track structure exhibiting the formation of HO˙ in a "low LET" penumbra around the ionization tracks. HO˙ track segment yields at 100 ns, of 0.4 × 10(-7) and 0.6 × 10(-7) mol J(-1), respectively for 350 and 65 eV nm(-1), are not affected by temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balcerzyk
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, SIS2M, LRad, Bât 546, PC 175, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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Butarbutar SL, Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Sunaryo GR, Jay-Gerin JP. Calculation of the Yields for the Primary Species Formed from the Radiolysis of Liquid Water by Fast Neutrons at Temperatures between 25–350°C. Radiat Res 2014; 181:659-65. [DOI: 10.1667/rr13638.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Kohan LM, Meesungnoen J, Sanguanmith S, Meesat R, Jay-Gerin JP. Effect of Temperature on the Low-Linear Energy Transfer Radiolysis of the Ceric-Cerous Sulfate Dosimeter: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study. Radiat Res 2014; 181:495-502. [DOI: 10.1667/rr13592.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alcorn CD, Brodovitch JC, Percival PW, Smith M, Ghandi K. Kinetics of the reaction between H and superheated water probed with muonium. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lertnaisat P, Katsumura Y, Mukai S, Umehara R, Shimizu Y, Suzuki M. Simulation of the inhibition of water α-radiolysis via H2addition. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2014.907548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Butarbutar SL, Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Causey P, Stuart CR, Jay-Gerin JP. Self-radiolysis of tritiated water. 2. Density dependence of the yields of primary species formed in the radiolysis of supercritical water by tritium β-particles at 400 °C. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02761b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Christianson JR, Zhu D, Hamers RJ, Schmidt JR. Mechanism of N2 Reduction to NH3 by Aqueous Solvated Electrons. J Phys Chem B 2013; 118:195-203. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406535p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Christianson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Robert J. Hamers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - J. R. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Jay-Gerin JP. Time-dependent yield of OH radicals in the low linear energy transfer radiolysis of water between 25 and 350 °C. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kanjana K, Haygarth KS, Wu W, Bartels DM. Laboratory studies in search of the critical hydrogen concentration. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Low-linear energy transfer radiolysis of liquid water at elevated temperatures up to 350°C: Monte-Carlo simulations. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Sanguanmith S, Muroya Y, Tippayamontri T, Meesungnoen J, Lin M, Katsumura Y, Jay-Gerin JP. Temperature dependence of the Fricke dosimeter and spur expansion time in the low-LET high-temperature radiolysis of water up to 350 °C: a Monte-Carlo simulation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:10690-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Reply to comment on the possible role of the reaction H+H2O→H2+OH in the radiolysis of water at high temperatures. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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