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Mat Nawi SN, Khandaker MU, Sani SFA, Lam SE, Ung NM, Almugren KS, Bradley DA. Low-cost commercial graphite-rich pencils subjected to electron irradiation for passive radiation dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 188:110419. [PMID: 35988526 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Various thicknesses of 2B grade polymer pencil lead graphite (PPLG) were used in the present study, which focussed on the alteration in crystalline lattice and the structural defect caused by the electron irradiation dosage ranging from 0.5 to 20 Gy delivered by an Elekta HD Linac. The fundamental trap parameters i.e. kinetics order (b), activation energy (E), and frequency factor (s) of the PPLG samples have been estimated using the initial rise and peak shape approaches by fitting the thermoluminescence (TL) glow peaks of the PPLG samples exposed to 20 Gy. The lifetime of the TL glow peak is also presented, which provides information on the stability of the TL signal at maximum temperatures. Raman, Photoluminescence (PL), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra are being used to observe the structural changes that have occurred as a result of the radiation doses. These spectroscopies offer an understanding of the physical parameters that are related to the defects and taking part in the luminescence process. When all of the data are taken into account, it is anticipated that 0.3 mm PPLG is an effective material for dosimetry. The results of these lines of research are intended to educate the innovation of versatile graphite radiation dosimeters as a low-cost efficient system for radiation detection. The studied PPLG offers tissue equivalence as well as high spatial resolution, both are desirable criteria for a material to be used in the monitoring of ionising radiation or a variety of medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurasiah Mat Nawi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh.
| | - S F Abdul Sani
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S E Lam
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N M Ung
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K S Almugren
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Rais N, Bradley D, Hashim A, Isa N, Osman N, Ismail I, Hassan H, Noor N. Fabricated germanium-doped optical fibres for computed tomography dosimetry: Glow curve characteristics. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abdul Sani SF, Othman MHU, Alqahtani A, Almugren KS, Alkallas FH, Bradley DA. Low-cost commercial borosilicate glass slides for passive radiation dosimetry. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241550. [PMID: 33378398 PMCID: PMC7773194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
For x- and gamma- irradiations delivering entrance doses from 2- up to 1000 Gy to commercial 1.0 mm thick borosilicate glass microscope slides, study has been made of their thermoluminescence yield. With an effective atomic number of 10.6 (approximating bone equivalence), photon energy dependency is apparent in the low x-ray energy range, with interplay between the photoelectric effect and attenuation. As an example, over the examined dose range, at 120 kVp the photon sensitivity has been found to be some 5× that of 60Co gamma irradiations, also with repeatability to within ~1%. The glow-curves, taking the form of a single prominent broad peak, have been deconvolved yielding at best fit a total of five peaks, the associated activation energies and frequency factors also being obtained. The results indicate borosilicate glass slides to offer promising performance as a low-cost passive radiation dosimeter, with utility for both radiotherapy and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. F. Abdul Sani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. H. U. Othman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amal Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, University of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - K. S. Almugren
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - F. H. Alkallas
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D. A. Bradley
- College of Medicine, University of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Mat Nawi SN, Abdul Sani SF, Khandaker MU, Ung NM, Almugren KS, Alkallas FH, Bradley DA. Tailored Ge-doped fibres for passive electron radiotherapy dosimetry. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235053. [PMID: 32673337 PMCID: PMC7365440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Study has been made of the thermoluminescence yield of various novel tailor-made silica fibres, 6 and 8 mol % Ge-doped, with four differing outer dimensions, comprised of flat and cylindrical shapes, subjected to electron irradiation. Main thermoluminescence dosimetric characteristics have been investigated, including the glow curve, dose response, energy dependence, minimum detectable dose, effective atomic number, linearity of index and sensitivity of the fibres. The studies have also established the uncertainties involved as well as the stability of response in terms of fading effect, reproducibility and annealing. In addition, dose-rate dependence was accounted for as this has the potential to be a significant factor in radiotherapy applications. The 6 and 8 mol % fibres have been found to provide highly linear dose response within the range 1 to 4 Gy, the smallest size flat fibre, 6 mol% Ge-doped, showing the greatest response by a factor of 1.1 with respect to the highly popular LiF phosphor-based medium TLD100. All of the fibres also showed excellent reproducibility with a standard deviation of < 2% and < 4% for 6 and 8 mol % Ge-doped fibres respectively. For fading evaluation, the smallest 6 mol% Ge-doped dimension flat fibre, i.e., 85 × 270 μm displayed the lowest signal loss within 120 days post-irradiation, at around 26.9% also showing a response superior to that of all of the other fibres. Moreover, all the fibres and TLD-100 chips showed independence with respect to electron irradiation energy and dose-rate. Compared with the 8 mol% Ge-doped optical fibres, the 6 mol% Ge-doped flat optical fibres have been demonstrated to possess more desirable performance features for passive dosimetry, serving as a suitable alternative to TLD-100 for medical irradiation treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurasiah Mat Nawi
- Institute for Health Care Development, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. F. Abdul Sani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. U. Khandaker
- Institute for Health Care Development, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
| | - N. M. Ung
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K. S. Almugren
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F. H. Alkallas
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D. A. Bradley
- Institute for Health Care Development, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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Moradi F, Mahdiraji G, Dermosesian E, Khandaker M, Ung N, Mahamd Adikan F, Amin Y. Influence of dose history on thermoluminescence response of Ge-doped silica optical fibre dosimeters. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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