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Kim SC. Metal Particle Pencil Beam Spray-Coating Method for High-Density Polymer-Resin Composites: Evaluation of Radiation-Shielding Sheet Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6092. [PMID: 37763369 PMCID: PMC10533030 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Medical shielding suits must be lightweight and satisfy the requirements of thin films to guarantee user mobility and safety. The thin film weight is related to the density and thickness, which are associated with the particle dispersion in shielding materials. An even distribution of metal particles in a polymer can maintain the spacing among them. This paper proposes a pencil beam spray-coating method that involves spraying a constant amount of a polyethylene and tungsten mixture in a thin beam onto a nonwoven fabric at a constant speed. This technique yields higher productivity than does the electrospinning method and is expected to produce materials with better shielding performance than that of materials obtained using the calender method. The shielding performance was evaluated by manufacturing shielding sheets (thickness: 0.48-0.54 mm) using the calender and pencil beam spray-coating methods under the same conditions. The densities and performances of the sheets differed significantly. The sheet manufactured using the proposed method had an even particle dispersion and exhibited 2-4% better shielding performance than did that manufactured using the calender method. Therefore, the pencil beam spray-coating method can effectively satisfy the requirements of thin films for medical radiation-shielding materials while increasing the material flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Chil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; ; Tel.: +82-10-4803-7773
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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Bayindir Durna N, Durna D, Kavaz E. Investigation of photon interaction parameters of alloys used in orthodontic treatments for dental radiology applications. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Hassanpour M, Hassanpour M, Uddin Khandaker M, Rashed Iqbal Faruque M, Alshahrani B, Osman H. An alternative method for calculation of half-value layers without the knowledge of attenuation coefficient. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 199:110910. [PMID: 37379789 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Radiation protection is crucial for the safe utilization of ionizing radiation and minimizing the harmful effect upon exposure, hence some standards have been defined by some relevant organizations for the safe uses of radiation. One of the parameters relevant to the calculation of gamma ray shielding is the half-value layer (HVL), which is normally calculated using the knowledge of linear attenuation coefficient (μ). In this research, an attempt has been made to directly calculate HVL without the knowledge of μ via Monte Carlo simulation technique. For this purpose, in the Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code, F1, F5 and Mesh Popul sequences tallies were defined and the optimal structure for the least measurement error was introduced. The MCNPX calculated values showed reasonable agreement with the experimental findings. According to the obtained results, it is suggested that in order to reduce the error of HVL calculations, in exchange for the MCNPX code, the values of the R parameter and the radiation angle of the source should be considered according to the calculations introduced in this plan. Because the results show that by considering the measurement error between 6 and 20%, the code output can be cited in different energy ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
| | - Marzieh Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
| | | | - B Alshahrani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, 21974, Saudi Arabia
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Yıldız Yorgun N, Kavaz E, Ulaş B, Yılmaz Y, Kıvrak H. Structural and photon/neutron attenuation features of PbNi/CNT nanocomposites: An experimental approach. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kim SC, Byun H. Development of ultra-thin radiation-shielding paper through nanofiber modeling of morpho butterfly wing structure. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22532. [PMID: 36581765 PMCID: PMC9798361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In medical institutions, radiation shielding is an effective strategy to protect medical personnel and patients from exposure. Reducing the weight of the shield worn by medical personnel in the radiation generating area plays a key role in improving their productivity and mobility. In this study, a new lightweight radiation shield was developed by electrospinning a polymer-tungsten composite material to produce nanofibers with a multi-layered thin-film structure similar to that of a morpho butterfly wing. The fabricated shield was in the form of 0.1 mm thick flexible shielding paper. The multi-layer structure of the thin shielding paper was obtained through nanofiber pattern formation via electrospinning a dispersion of tungsten particles. At 0.1 mm thickness, the paper's shielding rate was 64.88% at 60 keV. Furthermore, at 0.3 mm thick and arranged in a laminated structure, the shielding rate was 90.10% and the lead equivalent was 0.296 mmPb. When used as an apron material, the weight can be reduced by 45% compared to existing lead products. In addition, the material is highly processable and can be used to manufacture various flexible products, such as hats, gloves, underwear, and scarves used in medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Chil Kim
- grid.412091.f0000 0001 0669 3109Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hongsik Byun
- grid.412091.f0000 0001 0669 3109Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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Process Technology for Development and Performance Improvement of Medical Radiation Shield Made of Eco-Friendly Oyster Shell Powder. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12030968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As radiation-based techniques become increasingly important tools for medical diagnostics, medical professionals face increasing risk from the long-term effects of scattered radiation exposure. Although existing radiation-shielding products used in medicine are traditionally lead-based, recently, the development of more eco-friendly materials such as tungsten, bismuth, and barium sulfate has drawn attention. However, lead continues to be superior to the proposed alternative materials in terms of shielding efficiency and cost effectiveness. This study explores the feasibility of radiation shielding materials based on the shells of bivalve mollusks such as oysters that are discarded from aquaculture, thereby preventing them from going into landfills. In addition, a firing process for enhancing the shielding efficiency of the original material is proposed. Experiments show that shielding sheets comprising 0.3 mm thick layers of oyster shell achieve a shielding efficiency of 37.32% for the low-energy X-rays typically encountered in medical institutions. In addition, the shielding efficiency was improved by increasing the density of the powdered oyster shell via plastic working at 1200 °C. This raises the possibility of developing multi-material radiation shields and highlights a new potential avenue for recycling aquaculture waste.
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Polyether fluorinated amphiphilic diblock polymer: Preparation, characterization and application as drug delivery agent. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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More CV, Alavian H, Pawar PP. Evaluation of gamma ray and neutron attenuation capability of thermoplastic polymers. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109884. [PMID: 34358917 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The fast neutron and gamma ray attenuation capability of the most common thermoplastic polymers used in nuclear applications has been evaluated theoretically. Monte Carlo simulation has been used to compute the gamma-ray energy absorption buildup factor in the energy range 0.015-15 MeV at penetration depths up to 40 MFP. The results of MCNPX calculations have been validated against the results derived from the Geometric Progression fitting method. To evaluate neutron attenuation performance of the polymers, the fast neutron removal cross-section has been determined using theoretical database. Despite the superior ability of polysulfone and poly (ether sulfone) in gamma ray attenuation, high-density polyethylene has been found to have the best fast neutron removal ability among all. The detailed insights into the fast neutron and gamma ray shielding properties of selected polymers in the present work might have great potential applications in nuclear systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali V More
- Department of Physics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431004, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Hoda Alavian
- Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Pravina P Pawar
- Department of Physics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431004, Maharashtra, India
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Kaur T, Sharma J, Singh T. Experimental measurement of effective atomic numbers and albedo factors for some alloys using the backscattering technique. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 158:109065. [PMID: 32174379 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alloys of the type Pb60Sn20ZnxCd(20-x) where x = 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 were prepared by a conventional melt quench technique. The intensity distribution of backscattered photons from the radioactive isotopes 22Na and 137Cs (with photon energies of 511 keV and 662 keV, respectively) were recorded for different thicknesses of alloy samples and some metallic samples (Al, Zn, Sn and Pb) with use of a GAMMA-RAD5 spectrometer (76 mm × 76 mm NaI(Tl) scintillation detector). Backscattered photon intensities were plotted as a function of both the atomic number and the target thickness. A best fit curve was drawn between backscattered photon counts and the atomic number of the metallic samples, from which the effective atomic numbers (Zeff) of the alloys were obtained at a particular photon energy as well as thickness. The experimentally obtained Zeff values are in good agreement with the theoretical ones (based on mass attenuation coefficients from the WinXCom database). The plot of intensity versus thickness shows that the intensity of backscattered photons increases with sample thickness. The albedo factors (energy albedo, number albedo and dose albedo) were also determined experimentally at these photon energies for the alloys and metallic samples. In the Compton scattering dominant region, the albedo factors decrease with an increase in atomic number as well as with an increase in photon energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranjot Kaur
- Physics Department, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140407, India
| | - Jeewan Sharma
- Nanotechnology Department, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140407, India
| | - Tejbir Singh
- Physics Department, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140407, India.
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Synthesis and characterisation of smart poly vinyl ester / Pb2O3 nanocomposite for gamma radiation shielding. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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