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Jakubowska T, Długosz-Lisiecka M, Biegała M. Comparison of Radionuclide Impurities Activated during Irradiation of 18O-Enriched Water in Tantalum and Silver Targets during the Production of 18F in a Cyclotron. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083485. [PMID: 37110718 PMCID: PMC10145432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the production of 18F, as a result of the interaction of the beam of protons and secondary neutrons with the structural elements of the target body, many radionuclide impurities are created in the cyclotron. As part of this work, we theoretically predicted which isotopes would be activated in the target tantalum or silver bodies. Subsequently, we used gamma spectrometry analysis to verify these predictions. The results were compared with the work of other authors who studied titanium and niobium as materials for making the target body. Tantalum has been evaluated as the most favorable in terms of generating radionuclide impurities during the production of 18F by irradiation of 18O-enriched water in accelerated proton cyclotrons. Only three radionuclides were identified in the tested samples: 181W, 181Hf, and 182Ta with a half-life of fewer than 120 days. The remaining reactions led to the formation of stable isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Jakubowska
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wróblewskiego 15, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
- Department of Medical Physics, Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz Comprehensive Cancer Center and Traumatology, Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Łódź, Poland
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Lindleya 6, 690-131 Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Długosz-Lisiecka
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wróblewskiego 15, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Biegała
- Department of Medical Physics, Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz Comprehensive Cancer Center and Traumatology, Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Łódź, Poland
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Lindleya 6, 690-131 Łódź, Poland
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Długosz-Lisiecka M, Biegała M, Jakubowska T. Activation of medical accelerator components and radioactive waste classification based on low beam energy model Clinac 2300. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Alqahtani MS, Hussein KI, Afifi H, Reben M, Grelowska I, Zahran HY, Yahia IS, Yousef ES. Optical and radiation shielding characteristics of tellurite glass doped with different rare-earth oxides. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 30:293-305. [PMID: 34974448 DOI: 10.3233/xst-211017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Shielding glass materials doped with heavy metal oxides show an improvement in the effectiveness of the materials used in radiation shielding. In this work, the photon shielding parameters of six tellurite glass systems doped with several metal oxides namely, 70TeO2-10P2O5- 10ZnO- 5.0PbF2- 0.0024Er2O3- 5.0X (where X represents different doped metail oxides namely, Nb2O5, TiO2, WO3, PbO, Bi2O3, and CdO) in a broad energy spectrum, ranging from 0.015 MeV to 15 MeV, were evaluated. The shielding parameters were calculated using the online software Phy-X/PSD. The highest linear and mass attenuation coefficients recorded were obtaibed from the samples containing bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and the lowest half-value layer and mean free path were recorded among the other samples. Furthermore, the shielding effectiveness of tellurite glass systems was compared with commercial shielding materials (RS-369, RS-253 G18, chromite, ferrite, magnetite, and barite). The optical parameters viz, dispersion energy, single-oscillator energy, molar refraction, electronic polarizability, non-linear refractive indices, n2, and third-order susceptibility were measured and reported at a different wavelength. Bi2O3 has a strong effect on enhancing the optical and shielding properties. The outcome of this study suggests the potential of using the proposed glass samples as radiation-shielding materials for a broad range of imaging and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Khalid I Hussein
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physics and Instrumentation, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Hesham Afifi
- Ultarsonic Laboratory, National Institute for Standards, El-Giza, Egypt
| | - Manuela Reben
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH - University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Iwona Grelowska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH - University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Heba Y Zahran
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Bio-Medical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab., Metallurgical Lab. 2 Physics Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I S Yahia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Bio-Medical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab., Metallurgical Lab. 2 Physics Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - El Sayed Yousef
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Assiut branch, Egypt
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Zhang H, Hu L, Zhong G, Huo Z, Chen Y, Zhao S, Huang L. Preliminary assessment of genotoxic effects induced by radiation from EAST using Vicia fabamicronucleus assay. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2021; 41:239-253. [PMID: 33508813 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/abe0d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During long-pulse deuterium plasma operations in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), a mixed radiation field is generated, which is mainly composed of fusion neutrons, gamma rays, and x-rays. More accurate and effective dose monitoring methods have been developed and established to determine the ionizing radiation intensity both for the stable operation of the device and for the radiation safety of personnel. As far as we know, there are few reports about the biological effects of radiation induced by fusion neutrons andγradiation, which are of vital importance for the assessment of radiation hazards presented by fusion devices, such as EAST, to human beings and the environment. In this study, three positions in the EAST hall were selected to detect genotoxic effects induced by nuclear fusion radiation using aVicia fabamicronucleus (MN) test for the first time. The doses of neutrons and gamma rays at these places were measured by thermoluminescence dosimeters four times between June 2019 and May 2020. The radiation doses decreased as the distances from the EAST device shell gradually increased from S1 to S3. The radiation in the EAST hall resulted in a significant induction of MN in theVicia fabaroot tip cells compared to a negative control, which was different from the MN frequency induced by fission neutrons,γ-rays and other kinds of radiation in previous studies. These results indicate the existence of potential genotoxic effects induced by radiation from EAST which is different from other radiation and suggest that personnel should not be permitted to enter the experimental hall during the discharge process, and that radiation protection measures should be taken during necessary maintenance to avoid radiation damage. These newly acquired results will certainly increase our knowledge about the biological effects induced by radiation from nuclear fusion and provide good data support for developing more effective environmental and personnel fusion radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Huo
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangsheng Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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Alashban Y, Shubayr N, Almalki M, Albeshan S, Aldosari A. Assessment of personnel absorbed dose at an 18-MeV dual beam cyclotron facility. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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