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Zhu D, Wei X, Zhou XY, Deng LB, Xiong SY, Chen JP, Chen GQ, Zou G, Sun LM. Chromosomal abnormalities in recurrent pregnancy loss and its association with clinical characteristics. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:1713-1720. [PMID: 37261584 PMCID: PMC10352212 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02816-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the distribution of chromosomal abnormalities in a recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) cohort and explore the associations between chromosomal abnormalities and clinical characteristics. METHOD Over a 5-year period, fresh products of conception (POC) from women with RPL were analyzed by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array at our hospital. After obtaining the information on clinical characteristics, we investigated the associations between the causative chromosomal abnormalities and clinical characteristics by the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 2383 cases were enrolled. Overall, 56.9% (1355/2383) were identified with causative chromosomal abnormalities, of which 92.1% (1248/1355) were numerical abnormalities, 7.5% (102/1355) were structural variants, and 0.4% (5/1355) were loss of heterozygosity (LOH). The risk of numerical abnormalities was increased in women with maternal age ≥ 35 years (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.41-2.07), gestational age at pregnancy loss ≤ 12 weeks (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.79-4.33), less number of previous pregnancy losses (twice: OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.84-2.94; 3 times: OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.23-2.05, respectively), and pregnancy with a female fetus (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.15-1.62). The OR of pregnancy loss with recurrent abnormal CMA was 4.00 (95% CI: 1.87-8.58, P < 0.001) and the adjusted OR was 5.05 (95% CI: 2.00-12.72, P = 0.001). However, the mode of conception was not associated with the incidence of numerical abnormality. No association was noted between structural variants and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSION Chromosomal abnormality was the leading cause of RPL. Numerical chromosome abnormality was more likely to occur in cases with advanced maternal age, an earlier gestational age, fewer previous pregnancy losses, and pregnancy with a female fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin-Yao Zhou
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lin-Bei Deng
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shi-Yi Xiong
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guang-Quan Chen
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gang Zou
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lu-Ming Sun
- Department of Fetal Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Cao C, Bai S, Zhang J, Sun X, Meng A, Chen H. Understanding recurrent pregnancy loss: recent advances on its etiology, clinical diagnosis, and management. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:570-589. [PMID: 37724255 PMCID: PMC10471095 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has become an important reproductive health issue worldwide. RPL affects about 2%-3% of reproductive-aged women, and makes serious threats to women's physical and mental health. However, the etiology of approximately 50% of RPL cases remains unknown (unexplained RPL), which poses a big challenge for clinical management of these patients. RPL has been widely regarded as a complex disease where its etiology has been attributed to numerous factors. Heretofore, various risk factors for RPL have been identified, such as maternal ages, genetic factors, anatomical structural abnormalities, endocrine dysfunction, prethrombotic state, immunological factors, and infection. More importantly, development and applications of next generation sequencing technology have significantly expanded opportunities to discover chromosomal aberrations and single gene variants responsible for RPL, which provides new insight into its pathogenic mechanisms. Furthermore, based upon patients' diagnostic evaluation and etiologic diagnosis, specific therapeutic recommendations have been established. This review will highlight current understanding and recent advances on RPL, with a special focus on the immunological and genetic etiologies, clinical diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Cao
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangzhou laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Province, China
- Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyue Sun
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Province, China
- Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Anming Meng
- Guangzhou laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Juchem KW, Gounder AP, Gao JP, Seccareccia E, Yeddula N, Huffmaster NJ, Côté-Martin A, Fogal SE, Souza D, Wang SS, Glynn ERA, Yung I, Ritchie J, Li L, Zheng J, Mbow ML, Li J, Chanda SK. NFAM1 Promotes Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Mouse and Human Monocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 12:773445. [PMID: 35095847 PMCID: PMC8793151 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.773445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NFAT activating protein with ITAM motif 1 (NFAM1) is an ITAM bearing-transmembrane receptor that has been reported to play a role in B cell signaling and development. We performed expression analysis of NFAM1 using publicly available gene expression data sets and found that NFAM1 expression is significantly induced in intestinal biopsies from Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. At the cellular level, we further observed high expression of NFAM1 in monocytes and neutrophils, and low expression in B and T cells. To explore the role of NFAM1 in multiple immune cells and its potential role in IBD, we generated NFAM1-/- mice. In contrast with previous reports using NFAM1-transgenic mice, NFAM1-/- mice have no obvious defects in immune cell development, or B cell responses. Interestingly, NFAM1-/- monocytes produce reduced levels of TNF-α in response to activation by multiple IBD-relevant stimuli, including CD40L, TLR ligands and MDP. Additional cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6, IL-12, CCL3 and CCL4 are also reduced in CD40L stimulated NFAM1-/- monocytes. Collectively, these findings indicate that NFAM1 promotes monocyte activation, thereby amplifying the response to diverse stimuli. Similarly, we observed that deletion of NFAM1 in human monocytes reduces expression of CD40L-induced CCL4. Lastly, to assess the role of NFAM1 in IBD, we compared development of anti-CD40 induced colitis in NFAM1+/+ and NFAM1-/- mice. We found that although NFAM1 deletion had no impact on development of gut pathology, we did observe a decrease in serum TNF-α, confirming that NFAM1 promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine production in vivo. Taken together, we conclude that NFAM1 functions to amplify cytokine production and should be further evaluated as a therapeutic target for treatment of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn W Juchem
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Anshu P Gounder
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jian Ping Gao
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Elise Seccareccia
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Narayana Yeddula
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas J Huffmaster
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alexandra Côté-Martin
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Steven E Fogal
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Donald Souza
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Sarah Sirui Wang
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Elizabeth R A Glynn
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Ivy Yung
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Julie Ritchie
- Department of Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - M Lamine Mbow
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Sumit K Chanda
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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